Cereals: barley, other than seed

In 2024, cereals: barley, other than seed trade exhibited significant decline, with global flows reaching $9,901,077,957 and a three-year compound annual growth rate of -4.0% (five-year: +6.4%). The all-time peak of $11,712,957,239 was recorded in 2023; the current level is 15% below that high-water mark.

Over the 30-year observation window (1995–2024), 66% of years recorded positive growth, indicating a predominantly expanding market. Trend momentum is decelerating (-6.2% acceleration).

The supply side is diversified (Herfindahl-Hirschman Index 0.096). The three largest exporters — Australia ($2.0B), France ($1.7B), and Russia ($1.2B) — collectively dominate supply flows. The leading exporter has grown at -1.6% over the last three years.

On the demand side, importer concentration is diversified (HHI 0.128). The three largest import markets are China ($3.2B), Saudi Arabia ($815.2M), and Netherlands ($559.7M). The largest importing market sources from 11 different supplying countries.

The dominant trade corridor is Australia → China at $1.3B, representing 39.8% of the importer's total demand.

The volatility score for cereals: barley, other than seed is 7 out of 100, classified as low. Trade flows are relatively stable compared to other HS6 products, suggesting mature supply chains and predictable demand.

For market entrants, contracting demand signals caution before committing resources. The diversified supply landscape means many competitors but also multiple entry points and buyer relationships to target.

Data confidence is rated "High" based on reporting coverage and consistency across OECD member and partner countries.