[1] Primary trade source
OECD Bilateral International Merchandise Trade Statistics, harmonised by Yugalinks at country-year, HS2 and bilateral-corridor levels. Coverage shown here is 1995–2024 where observations are available.
Country intelligence · DEU · 2024
Germany trade profile
In 2024, Germany recorded $1.6T in merchandise exports and $1.3T in imports, producing a $239.2B trade surplus. Exports changed -4.9% from the previous year, while imports changed -5.9%.[1]
Exports
$1.6T
-4.9%
Imports
$1.3T
-5.9%
Trade balance
$239.2B
surplus
Active partners
1080
214 FTA-linked
Historical evidence
Ten-year trade movement
The bars compare exports and imports on the same scale. The accompanying table preserves the exact values so the trend is usable without interpreting a graphic.
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
ExportsImports
Exact annual values
Leading export sectors
HS2 chapters rank broad product groups by observed export value in 2024.
1$278.4B
HS 87 · Vehicles
87 active HS6 lines · 189 export partners
2$259.8B
HS 84 · Machinery
515 active HS6 lines · 197 export partners
3$158.6B
HS 85 · Electrical machinery
262 active HS6 lines · 198 export partners
4$119.5B
HS 30 · Pharmaceutical products
43 active HS6 lines · 190 export partners
5$80.3B
HS 90 · HS chapter
142 active HS6 lines · 197 export partners
6$68.4B
HS 39 · HS chapter
129 active HS6 lines · 193 export partners
7$34.0B
HS 27 · Mineral fuels and oils
43 active HS6 lines · 180 export partners
8$33.4B
HS 73 · HS chapter
124 active HS6 lines · 191 export partners
Leading export markets
Destinations rank bilateral export flows from Germany; growth describes each corridor rather than the whole economy.
1$161.7B
United States
Annual change -0.9% · 3-year CAGR 5.9%
2$110.4B
Netherlands
Annual change -6.3% · 3-year CAGR 0.4%
3$106.9B
France
Annual change -14.6% · 3-year CAGR -4.9%
4$93.4B
China
Annual change -11.2% · 3-year CAGR -7.7%
5$86.7B
Italy
Annual change -7.1% · 3-year CAGR -0.7%
6$86.6B
Poland
Annual change -1.0% · 3-year CAGR 1.6%
7$77.6B
United Kingdom
Annual change -0.3% · 3-year CAGR 0.8%
8$72.9B
Austria
Annual change -7.0% · 3-year CAGR -1.9%
Sources, definitions and limitations
Calculation notes
USD values are aggregated from reported merchandise records. YoY compares consecutive annual totals; three-year CAGR is the mart-provided compound annual growth rate. Missing values are not inferred.