Country intelligence · RUS · 2024

Russia trade profile

In 2024, Russia recorded $406.0B in merchandise exports and $225.8B in imports, producing a $180.2B trade surplus. Exports changed -8.1% from the previous year, while imports changed -6.6%.^[1]

Exports

$406.0B

-8.1%

Imports

$225.8B

-6.6%

Trade balance

$180.2B

surplus

Active partners

270

11 FTA-linked

Historical evidence

Ten-year trade movement

The bars compare exports and imports on the same scale. The accompanying table preserves the exact values so the trend is usable without interpreting a graphic.

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

ExportsImports

Exact annual values

Year	Exports	Imports	Balance	Export growth
2024	$406.0B	$225.8B	$180.2B	-8.1%
2023	$441.8B	$241.9B	$199.9B	-24.2%
2022	$583.1B	$220.6B	$362.4B	+15.8%
2021	$503.3B	$276.4B	$226.9B	+48.9%
2020	$338.1B	$220.4B	$117.7B	-20.6%
2019	$425.7B	$234.0B	$191.7B	-5.6%
2018	$451.1B	$227.6B	$223.5B	+22.4%
2017	$368.6B	$228.0B	$140.5B	+25.4%
2016	$294.0B	$187.2B	$106.8B	-12.3%
2015	$335.2B	$177.1B	$158.2B	-31.0%

Leading export sectors

HS2 chapters rank broad product groups by observed export value in 2024.

HS 27 · Mineral fuels and oils

43 active HS6 lines · 97 export partners

$248.8B

HS 71 · Precious metals and stones

51 active HS6 lines · 75 export partners

$23.8B

HS 72 · HS chapter

167 active HS6 lines · 84 export partners

$14.4B

HS 31 · HS chapter

24 active HS6 lines · 111 export partners

$14.1B

HS 10 · Cereals

25 active HS6 lines · 92 export partners

$11.6B

HS 76 · HS chapter

35 active HS6 lines · 89 export partners

$7.9B

HS 15 · HS chapter

48 active HS6 lines · 87 export partners

$6.2B

HS 44 · HS chapter

103 active HS6 lines · 96 export partners

$5.7B

Leading export markets

Destinations rank bilateral export flows from Russia; growth describes each corridor rather than the whole economy.

China

Annual change +0.6% · 3-year CAGR 18.9%

$121.6B

India

Annual change -0.1% · 3-year CAGR 93.3%

$62.1B

Türkiye

Annual change -4.0% · 3-year CAGR 14.7%

$40.2B

Belarus

Annual change -20.7% · 3-year CAGR -4.5%

$19.3B

Kazakhstan

Annual change +12.9% · 3-year CAGR -0.9%

$17.2B

Brazil

Annual change +9.5% · 3-year CAGR 26.1%

$11.0B

Armenia

Annual change +113.0% · 3-year CAGR 69.2%

$8.8B

Uzbekistan

Annual change +17.3% · 3-year CAGR 12.1%

$7.1B

Sources, definitions and limitations

[1] Primary trade source

OECD Bilateral International Merchandise Trade Statistics, harmonised by Yugalinks at country-year, HS2 and bilateral-corridor levels. Coverage shown here is 1995–2024 where observations are available.

Calculation notes

USD values are aggregated from reported merchandise records. YoY compares consecutive annual totals; three-year CAGR is the mart-provided compound annual growth rate. Missing values are not inferred.

Data sources Methodology Open country workspace