Country export capability

Greece
export capability

A reported view of Greece's export scale, destination network, sector breadth, trade history, and market-access context. Use the indicators together; no single measure describes export readiness on its own.

GRC1995-2024 coverage270 active partner marketsMacro trend resilient
Latest exports$52.1B2024 reported value
Latest imports$88.6B2024 reported value
Trade balance-$36.5BExports minus imports
Export growth-3.8%Latest year-on-year change
Active partners270Latest reported markets

Country export profile overview

Greece export data in one research view

This profile brings together export performance, trade balance, destination markets, HS2 sectors, partner breadth, history, and market-access context for country export research.

Export scale and balance

Start with the latest reported trade position

In 2024, Greece recorded $52.1B in exports and $88.6B in imports. The resulting -$36.5B trade balance gives the latest country-level position a clear context.

Exports changed -3.8% year on year and show a calculated +5.1% three-year CAGR. CAGR is an annualized comparison of reported values, not a forecast.

Markets and sectors

See where export value is concentrated

Italy received $5.3B in reported exports, representing 10.1% of the latest country total. Mineral fuels was the largest displayed HS2 export sector at $16.0B and 30.7% of exports.

The visible page highlights five leading destinations and five leading HS2 sectors, while the complete structured files retain every row supplied for this sample.

History and coverage

Read today's number against the long series

The country series covers 1995 through 2024, with 30 observed annual rows. That longer view helps separate a single-year movement from the broader export trend.

Partner counts, tariff context, concentration, exposure shares, and momentum are supporting indicators calculated from available trade observations. Missing values remain unavailable rather than estimated.

Economy and structure

The context around Greece's export base

Macroeconomic and structural indicators add context to merchandise trade scale. They describe the country environment; they do not predict company performance or future exports.

GDP$256.2B2024 macro context
GDP per capita$24.6KCurrent-dollar GDP
Population10.4MReported population
Labor force4.5KReported labor force
Investment rate20.7%National investment rate
Savings rate14%National savings rate
Trade openness66.5%Exports + imports / GDP
Exports / GDP24.6%Merchandise exports / GDP
Secondary education86.9%Education context
Tertiary education31.1%Education context

Market signals

Where to look more closely next

Route-level risk and emerging-corridor signals for further research. These are calculated indicators, not forecasts.

Destination risk contextAll covered routes
Destination risk context for Greece
DestinationAttentionAttention shareBelow peakApplied tariffPrimary reason
LibyaLBYCritical attention63.9%43.4%17.2%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
TurkeyTURCritical attention46.1%52.1%7.9%Current trade remains materially below historical peaks
LebanonLBNCritical attention98.7%20.2%8.6%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
BulgariaBGRCritical attention50.9%30.9%6.2%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
ChinaCHNCritical attention90.2%29.7%30.2%Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction
IsraelISRCritical attention64.2%28.1%5.6%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
AlbaniaALBHigh attention42.7%28.2%12.8%Buyer-market concentration is the largest observed corridor exposure
The former Yugoslav Republic of MacedoniaMKDHigh attention92.3%28.6%7%Buyer-market concentration is the largest observed corridor exposure
ItalyITAWatch35.2%22.8%0%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSAHigh attention58.7%18.7%4.7%Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction

Full route coverage is retained. High attention means the route deserves closer product and access review.

Market opportunity signals

Product-market combinations worth investigating

All returned rows use buyer demand, exporter position, and calculated addressable-value fields. They are research signals, not forecasts.

Addressable-value signalsAll returned rows
Market opportunity signals for Greece
RankMarket and productBuyer importsAddressable 3-year valueCurrent shareDemand signal
1ChinaHS6 260111 · Iron ores and concentrates: non-agglomerated$111.0B$119.1B0%Declining -2.6%
2USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsHS6 270900 · Oils: petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude$165.0B$115.5B0%Declining +1.1%
3ChinaHS6 854231 · Electronic integrated circuits: processors and controllers, whether or not combined with memories, converters, logic circuits, amplifiers, clock and timing circuits, or other circuits$158.0B$93.1B0%Stable +10.5%
4IndiaHS6 270900 · Oils: petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude$130.1B$72.4B0.3%Accelerating -0.5%
5ChinaHS6 854232 · Electronic integrated circuits: memories$80.6B$65.7B0%Accelerating +20.6%
6ChinaHS6 854239 · Electronic integrated circuits: n.e.c. in heading no. 8542$81.8B$61.4B0%Stable +4%
7USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsHS6 851712 · Telephones for cellular networks or for other wireless networks$53.9B$53.8B0%Accelerating -8.8%
8USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsHS6 847150 · Digital processing units: other than those of subheadings 8471.41 or 8471.49, whether or not containing in the same housing one or two of the following types of unit: storage units, input units or output units$53.9B$45.6B0%Accelerating +60.2%

Addressable value is a calculated field. Validate product, buyer, tariff, and route conditions before commercial decisions.

Detailed export portfolioHS4 lines beneath the leading sectorsOpen the detailed four-digit export table for Greece.
All HS4 export lines2024 ranking
Top HS4 export lines for Greece
RankHS4Parent HS2 sectorExportsShareActive HS6
12710HS4 detail codeMineral fuels (27) ↗$13.8B26.5%5
23004HS4 detail codePharmaceutical products (30) ↗$3.1B5.9%12
37606HS4 detail codeAluminium (76) ↗$1.2B2.4%4
40406HS4 detail codeDairy produce and eggs (04) ↗$1.1B2%5
51509HS4 detail codeAnimal and vegetable fats (15) ↗$999.4M1.9%2
62716HS4 detail codeMineral fuels (27) ↗$820.2M1.6%1
70302HS4 detail codeFish and crustaceans (03) ↗$811.2M1.6%44
82005HS4 detail codePreparations of vegetables and fruit (20) ↗$809.9M1.6%10
92403HS4 detail codeTobacco (24) ↗$775.4M1.5%4
107411HS4 detail codeCopper (74) ↗$621.9M1.2%4
118544HS4 detail codeElectrical machinery (85) ↗$613.7M1.2%8
122008HS4 detail codePreparations of vegetables and fruit (20) ↗$562.9M1.1%13

HS4 values are reported observations. The hierarchy is preserved; no missing descriptions are inferred.

The country export read

Greece combines $52.1B in exports with a broad partner network.

In 2024, Greece recorded $52.1B in reported exports and $88.6B in imports, producing a reported trade deficit of $36.5B. Exports changed -3.8% year on year and +5.1% annualized over three years. Mineral fuels (HS2 27) was the largest displayed export sector by value.

Destination network

Where Greece exports move

All returned destination lanes ranked by latest reported export value. Share is calculated against the country total. Review sources ↗

Latest reported destination lanesAll returned · 2024
Leading export destinations for Greece
RankDestinationLatest exportsShareYear-on-year3-year CAGR
1ItalyITA$5.3B10.1%-13.3%+8.7%
2GermanyDEU$3.6B6.9%+3.5%+3.7%
3CyprusCYP$3.2B6.2%+0.3%+7.3%
4BulgariaBGR$2.4B4.6%-19%-1.4%
5USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA$2.4B4.6%+12.6%+10.2%
6United KingdomGBR$2.0B3.9%+2.5%+15.4%
7RomaniaROU$2.0B3.8%+4.9%+7.7%
8UkraineUKR$1.8B3.4%+42.2%+62.3%
9SpainESP$1.5B2.8%-27.7%+5.7%
10TurkeyTUR$1.5B2.8%-15.9%-15.1%

Destination values are reported country-to-country observations. Full returned rows remain in the downloads.

Trade history

A long view of export scale

Latest twelve years from the 30-year reported country series. Context, not a forecast.

Reported exports by year

2013
$35.1B
2014
$34.6B
2015
$27.2B
2016
$27.0B
2017
$30.5B
2018
$37.3B
2019
$36.7B
2020
$33.4B
2021
$44.9B
2022
$55.4B
2023
$54.2B
2024
$52.1B

Partner network

Scale is only one part of export capability

Partner breadth, distance, agreements, and tariffs add context to reported exports.

FTA partner markets108Reported count
WTO partner markets169Reported count
EU partner markets28Reported count
Shared-border partners4Country context
Shared-language partners1Country context
Average partner distance6,471 kmCalculated average
Partners with FTA40%Calculated share
Applied tariff context0.1%Calculated average
MFN tariff context0.1%Calculated average
Tariff advantage+0.1 ppPreferential vs MFN

Exposure context

Signals to examine alongside export scale

Calculated or classified route and country context. Not predictions or recommendations.

Attention share41.6%

Covered value under attention

Critical share5.9%

Covered value marked critical

Below historical peak23%

Distance below route peaks

FTA-covered exports76.5%

Covered value with FTA context

Weighted tariff context0.1%

Export-weighted tariff

Macro contextMacro trend resilient

Primary attention driver: High trade volatility.

Momentum score-1.1

History-based indicator

Partner concentration361.2

Partner HHI

Product concentration434

Product HHI

Country attention level: Watch. Missing fields remain unavailable.

Complete country valuesOpen the full profile evidenceFull history, sectors, HS4, destinations, risk, opportunities, and source fields.

Profile fields

Year2,024
Country Iso3GRC
Exports Usd$52.1B
Imports Usd$88.6B
Trade Balance Usd-$36.5B
Yoy Exports Growth Pct-3.8%
Yoy Imports Growth Pct0.2%
Exports Cagr 3y Pct5.1%
Imports Cagr 3y Pct4.4%
Export Partner Hhi361.2
Export Product Hhi434
Momentum Score-1.1
Risk Score4
Gdp Million Usd256,238.37 million USD
Gdp Per Capita Usd$24.6K
Population10,405,134
Labor Force4,450.8
Investment Rate Pct20.7%
Savings Rate Pct14%
Secondary Education Pct86.9%
Tertiary Education Pct31.1%
Total Factor Productivity1,259.9
Trade Openness Pct66.5%
Exports Gdp Pct24.6%
Num Active Partners270
Num Fta Partners108
Num Wto Partners169
Num Eu Partners28
Num Shared Border Partners4
Num Shared Language Partners1
Avg Partner Distance Km6,471 km
Avg Partner Gdp Million Usd533,678,518.33 million USD
Avg Partner Gdp Per Capita Usd$15.8
Avg Buyer Biz Entry DaysNot reported
Avg Buyer Biz Entry Cost PctNot reported
Pct Partners With Fta40
Pct Partners Shared Language0
Pct Partners Shared Border1
Avg Applied Tariff Pct0.1%
Avg Mfn Tariff Pct0.1%
Avg Preferential Tariff Pct0%
Tariff Advantage Pp+0.1 pp
Avg Distance All Partners Km6,492
Num Border Partners100
Num Colonial Partners50
Avg Substitution Elasticity-10.5
Pct Products High Elasticity75
Pct Products Low Elasticity3
Real Market Potential175,203.8
Foreign Market Potential22,338.3

Exposure fields

Country Iso3GRC
All History Lane Count22,719
Current Lane Count15,312
Critical Lane Count47
High Attention Lane Count1,394
High Volatility Lane Count9,414
Unrecovered Drawdown Lane Count6,221
Declining Demand Lane Count70
Concentrated Market Lane Count5,141
Access Friction Lane Count1,044
Buyer Macro Weakness Lane Count463
Monitored Exports Current Usd$47.2B
Attention Exports Usd$19.6B
Critical Exports Usd$2.8B
High Volatility Exports Usd$26.4B
Unrecovered Drawdown Exports Usd$8.7B
Non Fta Exports Usd$7.1B
Monitored Attention Share Pct41.6%
Monitored Critical Share Pct5.9%
Fta Covered Exports Share Pct76.5%
Export Weighted Volatility Cv1.2
Export Weighted Below Peak Pct23%
Export Weighted Distance Km2,649 km
Export Weighted Tariff Pct0.1%
Latest Data Year2,024
First Data Year1,995
Country Years Count30
Total Exports Latest Usd$52.1B
Total Imports Latest Usd$88.6B
Trade Balance Latest Usd-$36.5B
Exports Yoy Latest Pct-3.8%
Exports Cagr 3y Latest Pct5.1%
Gdp Latest Million Usd256,238.37 million USD
Gdp Per Capita Latest Usd$24.6K
Population Latest10,405,134
Investment Rate Latest Pct20.7%
Savings Rate Latest Pct14%
Trade Openness Latest Pct66.5%
Exports Gdp Latest Pct24.6%
Active Partners Latest270
Fta Partners Latest108
Foreign Market Potential Latest22,338.3
Gdp 5y Cagr Pct4.3%
Gdp Per Capita 5y Cagr Pct5%
Population 5y Cagr Pct-0.6%
Partner Hhi Latest361.2
Partner Top1 Share Latest Pct10.1%
Partner Top3 Share Latest Pct23.2%
Partner Hhi All Avg488.2
Partner Hhi All Max873.4
Product Hhi Latest434
Product Top1 Share Latest Pct17.3%
Product Top3 Share Latest Pct30.9%
Product Hhi All Avg330
Product Hhi All Max864.8
Total Exports Attention Share Pct37.7%
Total Exports Critical Share Pct5.4%
Attention LevelWatch
Primary Risk DriverHigh trade volatility
Macro Resilience LabelMacro trend resilient

Annual country history

YearExportsImportsTrade balanceExports YoYExports CAGR 3Y
1995$10.1B$24.4B-$14.3BNot reportedNot reported
1996$10.9B$25.6B-$14.8B+7.7%Not reported
1997$10.3B$25.4B-$15.1B-4.8%Not reported
1998$9.6B$27.3B-$17.6B-6.8%-1.5%
1999$10.3B$29.3B-$19.0B+7.4%-1.6%
2000$10.6B$30.8B-$20.2B+2.7%+0.9%
2001$10.2B$30.1B-$19.9B-3.6%+2.1%
2002$10.7B$32.5B-$21.9B+4.1%+1%
2003$13.2B$44.7B-$31.5B+24.1%+7.6%
2004$14.9B$52.6B-$37.7B+12.5%+13.3%
2005$17.1B$54.2B-$37.2B+14.6%+16.9%
2006$21.0B$63.5B-$42.5B+23.1%+16.6%
2007$23.2B$75.3B-$52.1B+10.5%+16%
2008$28.7B$89.2B-$60.5B+23.8%+19%
2009$23.0B$68.9B-$45.9B-19.8%+3.1%
2010$25.9B$63.0B-$37.1B+12.5%+3.7%
2011$31.1B$65.3B-$34.1B+20.2%+2.7%
2012$33.7B$62.3B-$28.6B+8.2%+13.5%
2013$35.1B$59.5B-$24.4B+4.2%+10.7%
2014$34.6B$60.5B-$25.9B-1.5%+3.6%
2015$27.2B$47.1B-$19.9B-21.3%-6.9%
2016$27.0B$47.6B-$20.6B-0.8%-8.4%
2017$30.5B$54.1B-$23.6B+12.9%-4.1%
2018$37.3B$64.4B-$27.0B+22.5%+11.1%
2019$36.7B$63.0B-$26.3B-1.7%+10.8%
2020$33.4B$55.9B-$22.4B-8.9%+3.1%
2021$44.9B$77.9B-$33.1B+34.3%+6.3%
2022$55.4B$92.8B-$37.4B+23.4%+14.7%
2023$54.2B$88.4B-$34.3B-2.2%+17.5%
2024$52.1B$88.6B-$36.5B-3.8%+5.1%

Top export sectors

RankHS2SectorExportsShareExport partnersActive HS6
127Mineral fuels$16.0B30.7%14143
230Pharmaceutical products$3.2B6.2%16940
376Aluminium$2.8B5.3%14235
485Electrical machinery$2.2B4.3%173262
520Preparations of vegetables and fruit$1.8B3.5%14252
684Machinery$1.7B3.3%183515
708Edible fruit and nuts$1.6B3.1%11268
804Dairy produce and eggs$1.6B3.1%11732
939Plastics$1.6B3%165129
1024Tobacco$1.4B2.7%10010

Detailed HS4 export lines

RankHS4Parent HS2ExportsShareActive HS6
12710Mineral fuels (27)$13.8B26.5%5
23004Pharmaceutical products (30)$3.1B5.9%12
37606Aluminium (76)$1.2B2.4%4
40406Dairy produce and eggs (04)$1.1B2%5
51509Animal and vegetable fats (15)$999.4M1.9%2
62716Mineral fuels (27)$820.2M1.6%1
70302Fish and crustaceans (03)$811.2M1.6%44
82005Preparations of vegetables and fruit (20)$809.9M1.6%10
92403Tobacco (24)$775.4M1.5%4
107411Copper (74)$621.9M1.2%4
118544Electrical machinery (85)$613.7M1.2%8
122008Preparations of vegetables and fruit (20)$562.9M1.1%13

Top export destinations

RankDestinationISO3ExportsShareYoYCAGR 3Y
1ItalyITA$5.3B10.1%-13.3%+8.7%
2GermanyDEU$3.6B6.9%+3.5%+3.7%
3CyprusCYP$3.2B6.2%+0.3%+7.3%
4BulgariaBGR$2.4B4.6%-19%-1.4%
5USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA$2.4B4.6%+12.6%+10.2%
6United KingdomGBR$2.0B3.9%+2.5%+15.4%
7RomaniaROU$2.0B3.8%+4.9%+7.7%
8UkraineUKR$1.8B3.4%+42.2%+62.3%
9SpainESP$1.5B2.8%-27.7%+5.7%
10TurkeyTUR$1.5B2.8%-15.9%-15.1%

Destination risk context

RankDestinationAttentionAttention shareBelow peakApplied tariffPrimary reason
1Libya (LBY)Critical attention63.9%43.4%17.2%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
2Turkey (TUR)Critical attention46.1%52.1%7.9%Current trade remains materially below historical peaks
3Lebanon (LBN)Critical attention98.7%20.2%8.6%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
4Bulgaria (BGR)Critical attention50.9%30.9%6.2%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
5China (CHN)Critical attention90.2%29.7%30.2%Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction
6Israel (ISR)Critical attention64.2%28.1%5.6%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
7Albania (ALB)High attention42.7%28.2%12.8%Buyer-market concentration is the largest observed corridor exposure
8The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (MKD)High attention92.3%28.6%7%Buyer-market concentration is the largest observed corridor exposure
9Italy (ITA)Watch35.2%22.8%0%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
10USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands (USA)High attention58.7%18.7%4.7%Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction

Emerging corridor signals

RankDestinationHS6SignalMarket importsCurrent shareStrength
1Angola (AGO)880240new$25.3M5.3%100
2Aruba (ABW)391722new$627.4K32.9%100
3Angola (AGO)841940new$1.0M12.1%100
4Aruba (ABW)680221new$291.1K46.6%100
5Colombia (COL)845710new$11.9M11.1%100
6Colombia (COL)841850new$21.7M0.7%100
7Colombia (COL)732611new$4.5M8.6%100
8Denmark (DNK)890190new$1.8B0.1%100
9Chile (CHL)870590new$33.9M0.8%100
10Algeria (DZA)381700new$33.5M2.2%100

Market opportunity signals

RankMarketHS6Buyer importsAddressable 3-year valueCurrent shareSignal
1China (CHN)260111$111.0B$119.1B0%Declining (-2.6%)
2USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands (USA)270900$165.0B$115.5B0%Declining (+1.1%)
3China (CHN)854231$158.0B$93.1B0%Stable (+10.5%)
4India (IND)270900$130.1B$72.4B0.3%Accelerating (-0.5%)
5China (CHN)854232$80.6B$65.7B0%Accelerating (+20.6%)
6China (CHN)854239$81.8B$61.4B0%Stable (+4%)
7USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands (USA)851712$53.9B$53.8B0%Accelerating (-8.8%)
8USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands (USA)847150$53.9B$45.6B0%Accelerating (+60.2%)

How to read this page

Separate reported scale from calculated context.

Reported exports, imports, trade balance, sector rows, destination rows, and annual history describe merchandise trade observations for the stated country and year.

CAGR, shares, concentration measures, tariff context, exposure shares, and momentum are calculated indicators built from the available observations. They help organize research but are not additional reported trade or forecasts.

Coverage runs from 1995 through 2024 for this profile. Missing values are shown as Not reported. Read the full methodology ↗

Reported observations

OECD BIMTS merchandise trade values are the primary series for this view.

Calculated indicators

Growth, share, HHI, tariff, and exposure fields are derived from available reported values.

Coverage limits

Unavailable values remain unavailable. No company sales, shipment records, or forecasts are implied.

Questions about this profile

Greece export capability, in context

Short answers for readers comparing country export scale, partner breadth, and calculated trade indicators.

What does the Greece export profile measure?

It combines reported exports, imports, history, destinations, HS2 sectors, partner context, and calculated indicators for Greece.

What is the latest reported export value for Greece?

Greece recorded $52.1B in reported exports in 2024.

Which markets receive the most exports from Greece?

Italy leads by reported export value at $5.3B in 2024. Five destination lanes are highlighted.

Which sectors lead Greece's exports?

Mineral fuels leads by reported value at $16.0B. Five HS2 chapters are highlighted.

How many years of Greece trade history are available?

This sample contains 30 observed annual rows covering 1995 through 2024. Missing observations are not estimated.

Are the growth and exposure values forecasts?

No. They are calculated or classified from reported observations, not forecasts or market-access guarantees.

Continue your research

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Compare countries, products, sectors, and routes using the available trade evidence and definitions.

Data source

OECD trade statistics with CEPII context

OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-28). OECD BIMTS is the primary trade series for this view. Supporting bilateral trade context uses CEPII BACI bilateral trade flows (202601) under Etalab 2.0 Open Licence. Yugalinks presents derived views of reported observations and calculated indicators. Data terms: OECD Terms & Conditions.