Country export capability

Bosnia and Herzegovina
export capability

A reported view of Bosnia and Herzegovina's export scale, destination network, sector breadth, trade history, and market-access context. Use the indicators together; no single measure describes export readiness on its own.

BIH1995-2024 coverage270 active partner marketsMacro trend resilient
Latest exports$8.9B2024 reported value
Latest imports$14.3B2024 reported value
Trade balance-$5.4BExports minus imports
Export growth-3.2%Latest year-on-year change
Active partners270Latest reported markets

Country export profile overview

Bosnia and Herzegovina export data in one research view

This profile brings together export performance, trade balance, destination markets, HS2 sectors, partner breadth, history, and market-access context for country export research.

Export scale and balance

Start with the latest reported trade position

In 2024, Bosnia and Herzegovina recorded $8.9B in exports and $14.3B in imports. The resulting -$5.4B trade balance gives the latest country-level position a clear context.

Exports changed -3.2% year on year and show a calculated +1% three-year CAGR. CAGR is an annualized comparison of reported values, not a forecast.

Markets and sectors

See where export value is concentrated

Croatia received $1.4B in reported exports, representing 15.8% of the latest country total. Electrical machinery was the largest displayed HS2 export sector at $810.2M and 9.1% of exports.

The visible page highlights five leading destinations and five leading HS2 sectors, while the complete structured files retain every row supplied for this sample.

History and coverage

Read today's number against the long series

The country series covers 1995 through 2024, with 30 observed annual rows. That longer view helps separate a single-year movement from the broader export trend.

Partner counts, tariff context, concentration, exposure shares, and momentum are supporting indicators calculated from available trade observations. Missing values remain unavailable rather than estimated.

Economy and structure

The context around Bosnia and Herzegovina's export base

Macroeconomic and structural indicators add context to merchandise trade scale. They describe the country environment; they do not predict company performance or future exports.

GDP$29.6B2024 macro context
GDP per capita$9.4KCurrent-dollar GDP
Population3.2MReported population
Labor force1.3KReported labor force
Investment rate22.4%National investment rate
Savings rate-4.3%National savings rate
Trade openness103.4%Exports + imports / GDP
Exports / GDP39.7%Merchandise exports / GDP
Secondary education92.4%Education context
Tertiary education25.2%Education context

Market signals

Where to look more closely next

Route-level risk and emerging-corridor signals for further research. These are calculated indicators, not forecasts.

Destination risk contextAll covered routes
Destination risk context for Bosnia and Herzegovina
DestinationAttentionAttention shareBelow peakApplied tariffPrimary reason
SerbiaSRBWatch25%23.4%1.1%Buyer-market concentration is the largest observed corridor exposure
HungaryHUNHigh attention35.6%28.1%10.5%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
CroatiaHRVWatch47.9%20.6%4.4%Buyer-market concentration is the largest observed corridor exposure
TurkeyTURWatch18.3%24.7%4.6%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
AustriaAUTWatch24.1%17.5%9.4%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
SloveniaSVNWatch28.8%22.6%3.8%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
MontenegroMNEHigh attention79.2%24.3%1.1%Buyer-market concentration is the largest observed corridor exposure
GermanyDEUWatch11.1%21.7%1.2%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
ItalyITAWatch13.1%33.8%1.2%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
ChinaCHNHigh attention91.8%22.1%16.8%Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction

Full route coverage is retained. High attention means the route deserves closer product and access review.

Market opportunity signals

Product-market combinations worth investigating

All returned rows use buyer demand, exporter position, and calculated addressable-value fields. They are research signals, not forecasts.

Addressable-value signalsAll returned rows
Market opportunity signals for Bosnia and Herzegovina
RankMarket and productBuyer importsAddressable 3-year valueCurrent shareDemand signal
1ChinaHS6 260111 · Iron ores and concentrates: non-agglomerated$111.0B$119.1B0%Declining -2.6%
2USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsHS6 270900 · Oils: petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude$165.0B$115.5B0%Declining +1.1%
3ChinaHS6 854231 · Electronic integrated circuits: processors and controllers, whether or not combined with memories, converters, logic circuits, amplifiers, clock and timing circuits, or other circuits$158.0B$93.1B0%Stable +10.5%
4IndiaHS6 270900 · Oils: petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude$130.1B$73.0B0%Declining -0.5%
5ChinaHS6 854232 · Electronic integrated circuits: memories$80.6B$65.7B0%Accelerating +20.6%
6ChinaHS6 854239 · Electronic integrated circuits: n.e.c. in heading no. 8542$81.8B$61.4B0%Accelerating +4%
7USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsHS6 851712 · Telephones for cellular networks or for other wireless networks$53.9B$53.8B0%Growing -8.8%
8USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsHS6 847150 · Digital processing units: other than those of subheadings 8471.41 or 8471.49, whether or not containing in the same housing one or two of the following types of unit: storage units, input units or output units$53.9B$45.6B0%Stable +60.2%

Addressable value is a calculated field. Validate product, buyer, tariff, and route conditions before commercial decisions.

Detailed export portfolioHS4 lines beneath the leading sectorsOpen the detailed four-digit export table for Bosnia and Herzegovina.
All HS4 export lines2024 ranking
Top HS4 export lines for Bosnia and Herzegovina
RankHS4Parent HS2 sectorExportsShareActive HS6
12716HS4 detail codeMineral fuels (27) ↗$378.8M4.2%1
28544HS4 detail codeElectrical machinery (85) ↗$338.5M3.8%8
37308HS4 detail codeArticles of iron or steel (73) ↗$274.3M3.1%5
49401HS4 detail codeFurniture and lighting (94) ↗$242.2M2.7%13
58708HS4 detail codeVehicles (87) ↗$240.6M2.7%14
69403HS4 detail codeFurniture and lighting (94) ↗$234.5M2.6%11
74407HS4 detail codeWood and wood articles (44) ↗$205.1M2.3%18
89306HS4 detail codeArms and ammunition (93) ↗$187.5M2.1%4
96406HS4 detail codeFootwear (64) ↗$180.0M2%3
102818HS4 detail codeInorganic chemicals (28) ↗$168.8M1.9%3
112836HS4 detail codeInorganic chemicals (28) ↗$158.6M1.8%7
127610HS4 detail codeAluminium (76) ↗$148.7M1.7%2

HS4 values are reported observations. The hierarchy is preserved; no missing descriptions are inferred.

The country export read

Bosnia and Herzegovina combines $8.9B in exports with a broad partner network.

In 2024, Bosnia and Herzegovina recorded $8.9B in reported exports and $14.3B in imports, producing a reported trade deficit of $5.4B. Exports changed -3.2% year on year and +1% annualized over three years. Electrical machinery (HS2 85) was the largest displayed export sector by value.

Destination network

Where Bosnia and Herzegovina exports move

All returned destination lanes ranked by latest reported export value. Share is calculated against the country total. Review sources ↗

Latest reported destination lanesAll returned · 2024
Leading export destinations for Bosnia and Herzegovina
RankDestinationLatest exportsShareYear-on-year3-year CAGR
1CroatiaHRV$1.4B15.8%-0.3%+7%
2GermanyDEU$1.3B14.2%-10.4%+2.1%
3SerbiaSRB$1.1B11.8%-9.1%+1.5%
4AustriaAUT$887.3M9.9%-7.7%+2.8%
5SloveniaSVN$763.0M8.6%-2.3%-0.2%
6ItalyITA$643.4M7.2%-12.6%-16.3%
7MontenegroMNE$295.5M3.3%-9.2%+13.5%
8TurkeyTUR$227.4M2.5%+23.2%+0.6%
9CzechiaCZE$194.1M2.2%+51.7%+8.5%
10FranceFRA$185.9M2.1%+35.2%+9.7%

Destination values are reported country-to-country observations. Full returned rows remain in the downloads.

Trade history

A long view of export scale

Latest twelve years from the 30-year reported country series. Context, not a forecast.

Reported exports by year

2013
$5.4B
2014
$5.7B
2015
$5.0B
2016
$5.3B
2017
$6.3B
2018
$7.2B
2019
$6.6B
2020
$6.2B
2021
$8.7B
2022
$9.6B
2023
$9.2B
2024
$8.9B

Partner network

Scale is only one part of export capability

Partner breadth, distance, agreements, and tariffs add context to reported exports.

FTA partner markets35Reported count
WTO partner markets169Reported count
EU partner markets28Reported count
Shared-border partners3Country context
Shared-language partners3Country context
Average partner distance6,459 kmCalculated average
Partners with FTA13%Calculated share
Applied tariff context0.1%Calculated average
MFN tariff context0.1%Calculated average
Tariff advantage+0.1 ppPreferential vs MFN

Exposure context

Signals to examine alongside export scale

Calculated or classified route and country context. Not predictions or recommendations.

Attention share28.4%

Covered value under attention

Critical share1%

Covered value marked critical

Below historical peak21.8%

Distance below route peaks

FTA-covered exports78.3%

Covered value with FTA context

Weighted tariff context0%

Export-weighted tariff

Macro contextMacro trend resilient

Primary attention driver: High trade volatility.

Momentum score-2

History-based indicator

Partner concentration865.2

Partner HHI

Product concentration83

Product HHI

Country attention level: Watch. Missing fields remain unavailable.

Complete country valuesOpen the full profile evidenceFull history, sectors, HS4, destinations, risk, opportunities, and source fields.

Profile fields

Year2,024
Country Iso3BIH
Exports Usd$8.9B
Imports Usd$14.3B
Trade Balance Usd-$5.4B
Yoy Exports Growth Pct-3.2%
Yoy Imports Growth Pct5.9%
Exports Cagr 3y Pct1%
Imports Cagr 3y Pct7.4%
Export Partner Hhi865.2
Export Product Hhi83
Momentum Score-2
Risk Score4.7
Gdp Million Usd29,613.57 million USD
Gdp Per Capita Usd$9.4K
Population3,164,253
Labor Force1,264.7
Investment Rate Pct22.4%
Savings Rate Pct-4.3%
Secondary Education Pct92.4%
Tertiary Education Pct25.2%
Total Factor Productivity730.7
Trade Openness Pct103.4%
Exports Gdp Pct39.7%
Num Active Partners270
Num Fta Partners35
Num Wto Partners169
Num Eu Partners28
Num Shared Border Partners3
Num Shared Language Partners3
Avg Partner Distance Km6,459 km
Avg Partner Gdp Million Usd533,678,518.33 million USD
Avg Partner Gdp Per Capita Usd$15.8
Avg Buyer Biz Entry DaysNot reported
Avg Buyer Biz Entry Cost PctNot reported
Pct Partners With Fta13
Pct Partners Shared Language1
Pct Partners Shared Border1
Avg Applied Tariff Pct0.1%
Avg Mfn Tariff Pct0.1%
Avg Preferential Tariff Pct0%
Tariff Advantage Pp+0.1 pp
Avg Distance All Partners Km6,470
Num Border Partners40
Num Colonial Partners50
Avg Substitution Elasticity-9.1
Pct Products High Elasticity71
Pct Products Low Elasticity3
Real Market Potential8,127,117
Foreign Market Potential648,617.6

Exposure fields

Country Iso3BIH
All History Lane Count6,835
Current Lane Count4,257
Critical Lane Count4
High Attention Lane Count324
High Volatility Lane Count2,425
Unrecovered Drawdown Lane Count1,464
Declining Demand Lane Count35
Concentrated Market Lane Count1,175
Access Friction Lane Count211
Buyer Macro Weakness Lane Count55
Monitored Exports Current Usd$7.8B
Attention Exports Usd$2.2B
Critical Exports Usd$80.5M
High Volatility Exports Usd$4.0B
Unrecovered Drawdown Exports Usd$1.2B
Non Fta Exports Usd$479.4M
Monitored Attention Share Pct28.4%
Monitored Critical Share Pct1%
Fta Covered Exports Share Pct78.3%
Export Weighted Volatility Cv1.1
Export Weighted Below Peak Pct21.8%
Export Weighted Distance Km1,093 km
Export Weighted Tariff Pct0%
Latest Data Year2,024
First Data Year1,995
Country Years Count30
Total Exports Latest Usd$8.9B
Total Imports Latest Usd$14.3B
Trade Balance Latest Usd-$5.4B
Exports Yoy Latest Pct-3.2%
Exports Cagr 3y Latest Pct1%
Gdp Latest Million Usd29,613.57 million USD
Gdp Per Capita Latest Usd$9.4K
Population Latest3,164,253
Investment Rate Latest Pct22.4%
Savings Rate Latest Pct-4.3%
Trade Openness Latest Pct103.4%
Exports Gdp Latest Pct39.7%
Active Partners Latest270
Fta Partners Latest35
Foreign Market Potential Latest648,617.6
Gdp 5y Cagr Pct7.7%
Gdp Per Capita 5y Cagr Pct8.9%
Population 5y Cagr Pct-1.1%
Partner Hhi Latest865.2
Partner Top1 Share Latest Pct15.8%
Partner Top3 Share Latest Pct41.9%
Partner Hhi All Avg1,114.4
Partner Hhi All Max2,035.6
Product Hhi Latest83
Product Top1 Share Latest Pct4.2%
Product Top3 Share Latest Pct10%
Product Hhi All Avg152.1
Product Hhi All Max330.2
Total Exports Attention Share Pct24.8%
Total Exports Critical Share Pct0.9%
Attention LevelWatch
Primary Risk DriverHigh trade volatility
Macro Resilience LabelMacro trend resilient

Annual country history

YearExportsImportsTrade balanceExports YoYExports CAGR 3Y
1995$56.4M$827.1M-$770.7MNot reportedNot reported
1996$186.4M$1.7B-$1.6B+230.3%Not reported
1997$342.9M$1.6B-$1.3B+83.9%Not reported
1998$511.6M$2.1B-$1.6B+49.2%+108.5%
1999$624.3M$2.6B-$1.9B+22%+49.6%
2000$761.4M$2.5B-$1.8B+22%+30.5%
2001$798.8M$2.7B-$1.9B+4.9%+16%
2002$858.8M$3.2B-$2.3B+7.5%+11.2%
2003$1.3B$4.2B-$2.9B+50.2%+19.2%
2004$1.7B$4.7B-$3.0B+30.7%+28.3%
2005$2.2B$5.5B-$3.3B+33.2%+37.8%
2006$3.5B$6.6B-$3.2B+55.3%+39.3%
2007$4.2B$8.5B-$4.4B+19.8%+35.3%
2008$4.9B$10.6B-$5.7B+16.2%+29.3%
2009$3.7B$7.5B-$3.8B-23.9%+2%
2010$4.4B$8.0B-$3.6B+19.4%+1.9%
2011$5.6B$9.5B-$3.9B+27.1%+4.9%
2012$5.0B$8.8B-$3.7B-10.5%+10.8%
2013$5.4B$9.1B-$3.7B+7.5%+7%
2014$5.7B$9.7B-$4.1B+4.9%+0.3%
2015$5.0B$7.9B-$2.9B-11.8%-0.2%
2016$5.3B$7.9B-$2.6B+5.2%-0.9%
2017$6.3B$9.0B-$2.7B+19.6%+3.5%
2018$7.2B$10.0B-$2.8B+13.9%+12.8%
2019$6.6B$9.8B-$3.2B-8.1%+7.8%
2020$6.2B$8.9B-$2.7B-6.4%-0.7%
2021$8.7B$11.6B-$2.9B+40.6%+6.5%
2022$9.6B$13.3B-$3.7B+10.7%+13.4%
2023$9.2B$13.5B-$4.3B-4%+14.3%
2024$8.9B$14.3B-$5.4B-3.2%+1%

Top export sectors

RankHS2SectorExportsShareExport partnersActive HS6
185Electrical machinery$810.2M9.1%123262
284Machinery$717.0M8%136501
373Articles of iron or steel$599.2M6.7%118122
427Mineral fuels$582.5M6.5%4742
594Furniture and lighting$578.1M6.5%10642
644Wood and wood articles$512.7M5.7%9098
764Footwear$490.1M5.5%9725
876Aluminium$460.1M5.2%7235
928Inorganic chemicals$423.7M4.7%87146
1039Plastics$418.6M4.7%99128

Detailed HS4 export lines

RankHS4Parent HS2ExportsShareActive HS6
12716Mineral fuels (27)$378.8M4.2%1
28544Electrical machinery (85)$338.5M3.8%8
37308Articles of iron or steel (73)$274.3M3.1%5
49401Furniture and lighting (94)$242.2M2.7%13
58708Vehicles (87)$240.6M2.7%14
69403Furniture and lighting (94)$234.5M2.6%11
74407Wood and wood articles (44)$205.1M2.3%18
89306Arms and ammunition (93)$187.5M2.1%4
96406Footwear (64)$180.0M2%3
102818Inorganic chemicals (28)$168.8M1.9%3
112836Inorganic chemicals (28)$158.6M1.8%7
127610Aluminium (76)$148.7M1.7%2

Top export destinations

RankDestinationISO3ExportsShareYoYCAGR 3Y
1CroatiaHRV$1.4B15.8%-0.3%+7%
2GermanyDEU$1.3B14.2%-10.4%+2.1%
3SerbiaSRB$1.1B11.8%-9.1%+1.5%
4AustriaAUT$887.3M9.9%-7.7%+2.8%
5SloveniaSVN$763.0M8.6%-2.3%-0.2%
6ItalyITA$643.4M7.2%-12.6%-16.3%
7MontenegroMNE$295.5M3.3%-9.2%+13.5%
8TurkeyTUR$227.4M2.5%+23.2%+0.6%
9CzechiaCZE$194.1M2.2%+51.7%+8.5%
10FranceFRA$185.9M2.1%+35.2%+9.7%

Destination risk context

RankDestinationAttentionAttention shareBelow peakApplied tariffPrimary reason
1Serbia (SRB)Watch25%23.4%1.1%Buyer-market concentration is the largest observed corridor exposure
2Hungary (HUN)High attention35.6%28.1%10.5%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
3Croatia (HRV)Watch47.9%20.6%4.4%Buyer-market concentration is the largest observed corridor exposure
4Turkey (TUR)Watch18.3%24.7%4.6%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
5Austria (AUT)Watch24.1%17.5%9.4%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
6Slovenia (SVN)Watch28.8%22.6%3.8%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
7Montenegro (MNE)High attention79.2%24.3%1.1%Buyer-market concentration is the largest observed corridor exposure
8Germany (DEU)Watch11.1%21.7%1.2%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
9Italy (ITA)Watch13.1%33.8%1.2%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
10China (CHN)High attention91.8%22.1%16.8%Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction

Emerging corridor signals

RankDestinationHS6SignalMarket importsCurrent shareStrength
1Albania (ALB)930110new$954.7K91.6%100
2Argentina (ARG)701939new$2.8M5%100
3Argentina (ARG)281830new$18.1M1%100
4Austria (AUT)845640new$2.7M7.2%100
5Armenia (ARM)901310new$1.1M23.4%100
6Argentina (ARG)391620new$6.9M2.9%100
7Angola (AGO)220720new$5.6M2.7%100
8United Arab Emirates (ARE)842539new$30.7M7.8%100
9Indonesia (IDN)847981new$110.7M0.3%100
10Indonesia (IDN)847982new$392.1M0.1%100

Market opportunity signals

RankMarketHS6Buyer importsAddressable 3-year valueCurrent shareSignal
1China (CHN)260111$111.0B$119.1B0%Declining (-2.6%)
2USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands (USA)270900$165.0B$115.5B0%Declining (+1.1%)
3China (CHN)854231$158.0B$93.1B0%Stable (+10.5%)
4India (IND)270900$130.1B$73.0B0%Declining (-0.5%)
5China (CHN)854232$80.6B$65.7B0%Accelerating (+20.6%)
6China (CHN)854239$81.8B$61.4B0%Accelerating (+4%)
7USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands (USA)851712$53.9B$53.8B0%Growing (-8.8%)
8USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands (USA)847150$53.9B$45.6B0%Stable (+60.2%)

How to read this page

Separate reported scale from calculated context.

Reported exports, imports, trade balance, sector rows, destination rows, and annual history describe merchandise trade observations for the stated country and year.

CAGR, shares, concentration measures, tariff context, exposure shares, and momentum are calculated indicators built from the available observations. They help organize research but are not additional reported trade or forecasts.

Coverage runs from 1995 through 2024 for this profile. Missing values are shown as Not reported. Read the full methodology ↗

Reported observations

OECD BIMTS merchandise trade values are the primary series for this view.

Calculated indicators

Growth, share, HHI, tariff, and exposure fields are derived from available reported values.

Coverage limits

Unavailable values remain unavailable. No company sales, shipment records, or forecasts are implied.

Questions about this profile

Bosnia and Herzegovina export capability, in context

Short answers for readers comparing country export scale, partner breadth, and calculated trade indicators.

What does the Bosnia and Herzegovina export profile measure?

It combines reported exports, imports, history, destinations, HS2 sectors, partner context, and calculated indicators for Bosnia and Herzegovina.

What is the latest reported export value for Bosnia and Herzegovina?

Bosnia and Herzegovina recorded $8.9B in reported exports in 2024.

Which markets receive the most exports from Bosnia and Herzegovina?

Croatia leads by reported export value at $1.4B in 2024. Five destination lanes are highlighted.

Which sectors lead Bosnia and Herzegovina's exports?

Electrical machinery leads by reported value at $810.2M. Five HS2 chapters are highlighted.

How many years of Bosnia and Herzegovina trade history are available?

This sample contains 30 observed annual rows covering 1995 through 2024. Missing observations are not estimated.

Are the growth and exposure values forecasts?

No. They are calculated or classified from reported observations, not forecasts or market-access guarantees.

Continue your research

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Compare countries, products, sectors, and routes using the available trade evidence and definitions.

Data source

OECD trade statistics with CEPII context

OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-28). OECD BIMTS is the primary trade series for this view. Supporting bilateral trade context uses CEPII BACI bilateral trade flows (202601) under Etalab 2.0 Open Licence. Yugalinks presents derived views of reported observations and calculated indicators. Data terms: OECD Terms & Conditions.