Latest trade
$368.5BGlobal sector valueHS2 sector intelligence
Articles of iron or steel
sector trade overview
A clear view of the articles of iron or steel economy: scale, momentum, market concentration, leading routes, and the products within it.
Explore the workspace Reported trade intelligence
Refreshed 2026-07-20
Refreshed 2026-07-20
The numbers at a glanceLatest reported year · 2024
Annual change
-3.1%Latest year on yearExporters
200Active reporting countriesImporters
200Active reporting countriesHS6 products
124Classifications in sectorThe sector read
$368.5B in trade, with +2.2% annualized growth over three years.
Articles of iron or steel is recorded across 17,366 active corridors, with 200 exporters and 200 importers in the latest available year.
Market signalStable+3.9% five-year CAGR
Annual trend
Momentum across three decades
Reported global trade from 1995 to 2024. Missing years remain unavailable rather than estimated. Read the methodology ↗
Top trade corridors
Where this sector moves
The leading exporter-to-importer relationships by latest reported sector trade value. See data sources ↗
Latest reported relationshipsTop 10 by trade value
| Rank | Exporter | Importer | Trade value | Growth | HS6 | Distance | FTA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ChinaCHN | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA | $13.3B | -3.2% | 122 | 11,883 km | No |
| 2 | MexicoMEX | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA | $7.5B | +4.2% | 117 | 3,359 km | Yes |
| 3 | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA | MexicoMEX | $6.8B | +6.6% | 124 | 3,359 km | Yes |
| 4 | CanadaCAN | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA | $5.7B | +3.1% | 124 | 556 km | Yes |
| 5 | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA | CanadaCAN | $5.6B | -0.5% | 124 | 556 km | Yes |
| 6 | ChinaCHN | Republic of KoreaKOR | $4.7B | +6.3% | 124 | 867 km | Yes |
| 7 | ChinaCHN | JapanJPN | $3.9B | -2.6% | 120 | 1,763 km | No |
| 8 | ChinaCHN | ThailandTHA | $3.9B | +14.5% | 123 | 2,887 km | Yes |
| 9 | ChinaCHN | Viet NamVNM | $3.8B | +7.3% | 123 | 2,732 km | Yes |
| 10 | PolandPOL | GermanyDEU | $3.4B | -0.3% | 120 | 518 km | Yes |
Market structure
Where supply and demand concentrate
Exporter and importer rankings are separated so scale on one side of the market is not mistaken for demand on the other. Check coverage ↗
Top exporters2024 ranking
| Rank | Country | Exports | Partners | HS6 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ChinaCHN | $98.6B | 200 | 124 |
| 2 | GermanyDEU | $33.4B | 191 | 124 |
| 3 | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA | $22.1B | 192 | 124 |
| 4 | ItalyITA | $20.8B | 189 | 124 |
| 5 | JapanJPN | $11.0B | 187 | 124 |
| 6 | PolandPOL | $10.7B | 177 | 124 |
| 7 | TurkeyTUR | $10.0B | 191 | 124 |
| 8 | Republic of KoreaKOR | $9.8B | 185 | 124 |
| 9 | IndiaIND | $9.8B | 193 | 124 |
| 10 | MexicoMEX | $9.7B | 147 | 124 |
Top importers2024 ranking
| Rank | Country | Imports | Partners | HS6 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA | $52.8B | 171 | 124 |
| 2 | GermanyDEU | $27.4B | 157 | 124 |
| 3 | FranceFRA | $14.2B | 185 | 124 |
| 4 | MexicoMEX | $12.4B | 114 | 124 |
| 5 | CanadaCAN | $12.0B | 184 | 124 |
| 6 | United KingdomGBR | $11.2B | 158 | 124 |
| 7 | NetherlandsNLD | $9.1B | 158 | 124 |
| 8 | ItalyITA | $8.6B | 131 | 124 |
| 9 | ChinaCHN | $8.5B | 167 | 124 |
| 10 | PolandPOL | $8.1B | 150 | 124 |
HS6 product coverage
The classifications inside this sector
Explore the six-digit product classifications that make up HS2 73.
139 classifications shownBrowse the product workspace ↗
Iron or steel: sheet piling, whether or not drilled, punched or made from assembled elementsHS6 730110
Iron or steel: angles, shapes and sections, weldedHS6 730120
Iron or steel, railway or tramway track construction material: railsHS6 730210
Iron or steel, railway or tramway track construction material: sleepers (cross-ties)HS6 730220
Iron or steel, railway or tramway track construction material: switch blades, crossing frogs, point rods and other crossing piecesHS6 730230
Iron or steel, railway or tramway track construction material: fish-plates and sole platesHS6 730240
Iron or steel, railway or tramway track construction material: n.e.c. in heading no. 7302HS6 730290
Cast iron: tubes, pipes and hollow profilesHS6 730300
Iron or steel (other than cast iron): seamless, line pipe of a kind used for oil or gas pipelinesHS6 730410
Iron or steel (excluding cast iron): seamless, line pipe of a kind used for oil or gas pipelines, of stainless steelHS6 730411
Iron or steel (excluding cast iron or stainless steel): seamless, line pipe of a kind used for oil or gas pipelinesHS6 730419
Iron or steel (other than cast iron): seamless casing, tubing and drill pipe, of a kind used in drilling for oil or gasHS6 730420
Iron or steel: drill pipe, of a kind used in drilling for oil or gasHS6 730421
Steel, stainless: seamless, drill pipe, of a kind used in drilling for oil or gasHS6 730422
Iron or steel (excluding cast iron or stainless steel): seamless, drill pipe, of a kind used in drilling for oil or gasHS6 730423
Steel, stainless: seamless, casing and tubing, of a kind used in drilling for oil or gasHS6 730424
Iron or steel: casing and tubing, of a kind used in drilling for oil or gasHS6 730429
Iron or non-alloy steel (excluding cast iron): seamless, cold-drawn or cold-rolled, tubes, pipes and hollow profiles of circular cross-sectionHS6 730431
Iron or non-alloy steel (excluding cast iron): seamless, (excluding cold-drawn or cold-rolled), tubes, pipes and hollow profiles of circular cross-sectionHS6 730439
Steel, stainless: cold-drawn or cold-rolled (cold-reduced), tubes and pipes of circular cross-sectionHS6 730441
Steel, stainless: (excluding cold-drawn or cold-rolled), tubes and pipes of circular cross-sectionHS6 730449
Steel, alloy (not stainless steel): seamless, cold-drawn or cold-rolled (cold-reduced), tubes, pipes and hollow profiles of circular cross-sectionHS6 730451
Steel, alloy (not stainless steel): (excluding cold-drawn or cold-rolled), tubes, pipes and hollow profiles of circular cross-sectionHS6 730459
Iron or steel (excluding cast iron): seamless, tubes, pipes and hollow profiles, seamless, n.e.c. in heading no. 7304HS6 730490
Iron or steel (excluding cast iron): line pipe of a kind used for oil or gas pipelines (not seamless), longitudinally submerged arc welded, having circular cross-sections, external diameter exceeds 406.4mmHS6 730511
Iron or steel (excluding cast iron): line pipe of a kind used for oil or gas pipelines (not seamless), longitudinally welded (not submerged arc welded), having circular cross-sections, external diameter exceeds 406.4mmHS6 730512
Iron or steel: line pipe of a kind used for oil or gas pipelines, (other than longitudinally welded), external diameter exceeds 406.4mmHS6 730519
Iron or steel: casing of a kind used in drilling for oil or gas, external diameter exceeds 406.4mmHS6 730520
Iron or steel: tubes and pipes (other than line pipe or casing of a kind used for oil or gas pipelines), longitudinally welded, external diameter exceeds 406.4mmHS6 730531
Iron or steel (excluding cast iron): tubes and pipes (other than line pipe or casing of a kind used for oil or gas pipelines), welded (not longitudinally welded), having circular cross-sections, external diameter exceeds 406.4mm, (not seamless)HS6 730539
Iron or steel: tubes and pipes, n.e.s. in heading no. 7305, external diameter exceeds 406.4mmHS6 730590
Iron or steel: line pipe of a kind used for oil or gas pipelines, n.e.s.HS6 730610
Steel: stainless: line pipe of a kind used for oil or gas pipelines n.e.c. in chapter 73, welded, (not seamless)HS6 730611
Iron or steel (excluding cast iron): line pipe of a kind used for oil or gas pipelines (other than of stainless steel or seamless), n.e.c. in chapter 73HS6 730619
Iron or steel: casing and tubing of a kind used in drilling for oil and gas, n.e.s.HS6 730620
Steel, stainless: casing and tubing of a kind used in drilling for oil and gas, n.e.c. in chapter 73, welded, (not seamless)HS6 730621
Iron or steel (excluding cast iron): casing and tubing of a kind used in drilling for oil and gas (other than stainless steel or seamless), n.e.c. in chapter 73HS6 730629
Iron or non-alloy steel: tubes and pipes, welded, of circular cross-sectionHS6 730630
Steel, stainless: tubes and pipes, welded, of circular cross-sectionHS6 730640
Steel, alloy: tubes, pipes and hollow profiles (other than stainless steel or seamless), welded, of circular cross-section, n.e.c. in chapter 73HS6 730650
Iron or steel: n.e.s. in heading no. 7306, tubes, pipes and hollow profiles, welded, of non-circular cross-sectionHS6 730660
Iron or steel (excluding cast iron): tubes, pipes and hollow profiles (not seamless), welded, of square or rectangular cross-section, n.e.c. in chapter 73HS6 730661
Iron or steel (excluding cast iron): tubes, pipes and hollow profiles (not seamless), n.e.c. in chapter 73, welded, of non-circular cross-section (not square or rectangular cross-section)HS6 730669
Iron or steel: tubes, pipes and hollow profiles n.e.s. in heading no. 7306HS6 730690
Cast iron: cast fittings, of non-malleable cast ironHS6 730711
Iron or steel: cast fittings, other than of non-malleable cast ironHS6 730719
Steel, stainless: tube or pipe fittings, flanges, of stainless steelHS6 730721
Steel, stainless: tube or pipe fittings, threaded elbows, bends and sleevesHS6 730722
Steel, stainless: tube or pipe fittings, butt welding fittingsHS6 730723
Steel, stainless: tube or pipe fittings, n.e.c. in item no. 7307.2HS6 730729
Iron or steel: tube or pipe fittings, flanges, other than stainless steelHS6 730791
Iron or steel: tube or pipe fittings, threaded elbows, bends and sleeves, other than stainless steelHS6 730792
Iron or steel: tube or pipe fittings, butt welding fittings, other than stainless steelHS6 730793
Iron or steel: tube or pipe fittings, n.e.c. in item no. 7307.9, other than stainless steelHS6 730799
Iron or steel: structures and parts thereof, bridges and bridge-sectionsHS6 730810
Iron or steel: structures and parts thereof, towers and lattice mastsHS6 730820
Iron or steel: structures and parts thereof, doors, windows and their frames and thresholds for doorsHS6 730830
Iron or steel: structures and parts thereof, props and similar equipment for scaffolding, shuttering or pit-proppingHS6 730840
Iron or steel: structures and parts thereof, n.e.s. in heading no. 7308HS6 730890
Reservoirs, tanks, vats and similar containers: for any material (excluding compressed or liquefied gas), of iron or steel, capacity exceeding 300l, whether or not lined or heat insulatedHS6 730900
Tanks, casks, drums, cans, boxes and similar containers, for any material (excluding compressed or liquefied gas), 50l or more capacity but not exceeding 300lHS6 731010
Cans: which are to be closed by soldering or crimping, for any material (excluding compressed or liquefied gas), less than 50l capacity, of iron or steelHS6 731021
Tanks, casks, drums, boxes and similar containers for any material (excluding compressed or liquefied gas) less than 50l capacity, n.e.s. in item no. 7310.2, of iron or steelHS6 731029
Containers for compressed or liquefied gas, of iron or steelHS6 731100
Iron or steel: stranded wire, ropes and cables, not electrically insulatedHS6 731210
Iron or steel: plaited bands, slings and the like, not electrically insulatedHS6 731290
Iron of steel: barbed wire, twisted hoop or single flat wire and loosely twisted double wire, used for fencingHS6 731300
Iron or steel: wire cloth (including endless bands), woven products, of stainless steelHS6 731411
Iron or steel: woven cloth, endless bands for machinery, of stainless steelHS6 731412
Iron or steel: woven cloth, endless bands for machinery, (not of stainless steel)HS6 731413
Iron or steel: woven cloth, of stainless steel, (other than endless bands for machinery)HS6 731414
Iron or steel: woven cloth, other than of stainless steelHS6 731419
Iron or steel wire: grill, netting and fencing, welded at intersections, of wire with a maximum cross-sectional dimension of 3mm or more and mesh size 100cm2 or moreHS6 731420
Iron or steel wire: grill, netting and fencing, welded at intersections, n.e.s. in item no. 7314.2HS6 731430
Iron or steel wire: grill, netting and fencing, welded at the intersection, n.e.c. in item no. 7314.20, plated or coated with zincHS6 731431
Iron or steel wire: grill, netting and fencing, welded at the intersection, n.e.c. in item no. 7314.20, (other than plated or coated with zinc)HS6 731439
Iron or steel wire: grill, netting and fencing, plated or coated with zincHS6 731441
Iron or steel wire: grill, netting and fencing, coated with plasticHS6 731442
Iron or steel wire: grill, netting and fencing, coated with materials other than zinc or plasticHS6 731449
Iron or steel: expanded metalHS6 731450
Chain: articulated link, roller, of iron or steelHS6 731511
Chain: articulated link, (other than roller), of iron or steelHS6 731512
Chain: articulated link parts, of iron or steelHS6 731519
Chain: skid, articulated link chain and parts thereof, of iron or steelHS6 731520
Chain: stud-link chain, of iron or steelHS6 731581
Chain: welded link chain, of iron or steelHS6 731582
Chain: n.e.c. in heading no. 7315, of iron or steelHS6 731589
Chain: parts n.e.c. in heading no. 7315, of iron or steelHS6 731590
Iron or steel: anchors, grapnels and parts thereofHS6 731600
Iron or steel: nails, tacks, drawing pins, corrugated nails, staples (not those of heading no. 8305) and the like, with heads of other material or not, but excluding articles with heads of copperHS6 731700
Iron or steel: threaded coach screwsHS6 731811
Iron or steel: threaded wood screws other than coach screwsHS6 731812
Iron or steel: threaded screw hooks and screw ringsHS6 731813
Iron or steel: threaded self-tapping screwsHS6 731814
Iron or steel: threaded screws and bolts n.e.s. in item no. 7318.1, whether or not with their nuts or washersHS6 731815
Iron or steel: threaded nutsHS6 731816
Iron or steel: threaded screws, bolts and nuts n.e.s. in item no. 7318.1HS6 731819
Iron or steel: non-threaded spring washers and other lock washersHS6 731821
Iron or steel: non-threaded washers, excluding spring and lockHS6 731822
Iron or steel: non-threaded rivetsHS6 731823
Iron or steel: non-threaded cotters and cotter-pinsHS6 731824
Iron or steel: non-threaded articles, n.e.c. in item no. 7318.2HS6 731829
Iron or steel: sewing, darning or embroidery needles, for use in the handHS6 731910
Iron or steel: safety pinsHS6 731920
Iron or steel: pins, other than safetyHS6 731930
Safety pins and other pins: of iron or steelHS6 731940
Iron or steel: knitting needles, bodkins, crochet hooks and similar articles, for use in the hand, n.e.s. in heading no. 7319HS6 731990
Iron or steel: leaf-springs and leaves thereforHS6 732010
Iron or steel: helical springs and leaves for springsHS6 732020
Iron or steel: springs n.e.c. in heading no. 7320HS6 732090
Cooking appliances and plate warmers: for gas fuel or for both gas and other fuels, of iron or steelHS6 732111
Cooking appliances and plate warmers: for liquid fuel, of iron or steelHS6 732112
Cooking appliances and plate warmers: for solid fuel, of iron or steelHS6 732113
Cooking appliances and plate warmers: for solid fuel and fuels other than gas or liquid, of iron or steelHS6 732119
Domestic appliances: non-electric, (other than cookers and plate warmers), for gas fuel or for both gas and other fuels, of iron or steelHS6 732181
Domestic appliances: non-electric, (other than cookers and plate warmers), for liquid fuel, of iron or steelHS6 732182
Domestic appliances: non-electric, (other than cookers and plate warmers), for solid fuel, of iron or steelHS6 732183
Domestic appliances: non-electric, (other than cookers and plate warmers), for solid fuel and fuels other than gas or liquid, of iron or steelHS6 732189
Domestic appliances: non-electric, parts thereof, of iron or steelHS6 732190
Radiators and parts thereof: for central heating, (not electrically heated), of cast ironHS6 732211
Radiators and parts thereof: for central heating, (not electrically heated), of iron or steel other than cast ironHS6 732219
Air heaters and hot air distributors, (not electrically heated), incorporating a motor-driven fan or blower and parts thereof, of iron or steelHS6 732290
Iron or steel: wool, pot scourers and scouring or polishing pads, gloves and the likeHS6 732310
Cast iron: table, kitchen and other household articles and parts thereof, of cast iron, not enamelledHS6 732391
Cast iron: table, kitchen and other household articles and parts thereof, of cast iron, enamelledHS6 732392
Steel, stainless: table, kitchen and other household articles and parts thereofHS6 732393
Iron (excluding cast) or steel: table, kitchen and other household articles and parts thereof, enamelledHS6 732394
Iron or steel: table, kitchen and other household articles and parts thereof, of iron or steel n.e.s. in heading no. 7323HS6 732399
Steel: sinks and wash basins, of stainless steelHS6 732410
Cast iron, baths, whether or not enamelledHS6 732421
Iron (other than cast) or steel: bathsHS6 732429
Iron or steel: sanitary ware and parts thereof, excluding sinks, wash basins and bathsHS6 732490
Iron: articles of non-malleable cast ironHS6 732510
Iron: grinding balls and similar articles for mills, other than of non-malleable cast ironHS6 732591
Iron or steel: cast articles, excluding grinding balls and similar articles for mills, other than of non-malleable cast ironHS6 732599
Iron or steel: grinding balls and similar articles for mills, forged or stamped, but not further workedHS6 732611
Iron or steel: articles n.e.s. in item no. 7326.11, forged or stamped, but not further workedHS6 732619
Iron or steel: wire articlesHS6 732620
Iron or steel: articles n.e.s. in heading no. 7326HS6 732690
Definitions and coverage
Read the numbers with context
Clear definitions keep reported observations and calculated indicators in their proper context. Read our Responsible AI principles ↗
Reported values
Trade values describe reported merchandise trade for the HS2 classification. They are not company-level sales, retail quotes, or shipment records.
Calculated indicators
Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons are calculated from reported observations and should be read with their coverage period.
Missing data
A missing observation remains unavailable. It is not filled, interpolated, or presented as a forecast.
Coverage: 1995–2024 · Data refreshed 2026-07-20 09:34:08
Data source
OECD trade statistics with CEPII context
OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27). OECD BIMTS is the primary trade series for this view. Supporting bilateral trade context uses CEPII BACI bilateral trade flows (202601) under Etalab 2.0 Open Licence. Yugalinks presents derived views of reported observations and calculated indicators. Data terms: OECD Terms & Conditions.