Country export capability

India
export capability

A reported view of India's export scale, destination network, sector breadth, trade history, and market-access context. Use the indicators together; no single measure describes export readiness on its own.

IND1995-2024 coverage270 active partner marketsMacro trend resilient
Latest exports$434.2B2024 reported value
Latest imports$655.6B2024 reported value
Trade balance-$221.5BExports minus imports
Export growth-0.5%Latest year-on-year change
Active partners270Latest reported markets

Country export profile overview

India export data in one research view

This profile brings together export performance, trade balance, destination markets, HS2 sectors, partner breadth, history, and market-access context for country export research.

Export scale and balance

Start with the latest reported trade position

In 2024, India recorded $434.2B in exports and $655.6B in imports. The resulting -$221.5B trade balance gives the latest country-level position a clear context.

Exports changed -0.5% year on year and show a calculated +3% three-year CAGR. CAGR is an annualized comparison of reported values, not a forecast.

Markets and sectors

See where export value is concentrated

USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands received $82.2B in reported exports, representing 18.9% of the latest country total. Mineral fuels was the largest displayed HS2 export sector at $62.4B and 14.4% of exports.

The visible page highlights five leading destinations and five leading HS2 sectors, while the complete structured files retain every row supplied for this sample.

History and coverage

Read today's number against the long series

The country series covers 1995 through 2024, with 30 observed annual rows. That longer view helps separate a single-year movement from the broader export trend.

Partner counts, tariff context, concentration, exposure shares, and momentum are supporting indicators calculated from available trade observations. Missing values remain unavailable rather than estimated.

Economy and structure

The context around India's export base

Macroeconomic and structural indicators add context to merchandise trade scale. They describe the country environment; they do not predict company performance or future exports.

GDP$3.9T2024 macro context
GDP per capita$2.7KCurrent-dollar GDP
Population1.5BReported population
Labor force525.9KReported labor force
Investment rate35.7%National investment rate
Savings rate30.9%National savings rate
Trade openness24.9%Exports + imports / GDP
Exports / GDP9.9%Merchandise exports / GDP
Secondary education63.8%Education context
Tertiary education12.1%Education context

Market signals

Where to look more closely next

Route-level risk and emerging-corridor signals for further research. These are calculated indicators, not forecasts.

Destination risk contextAll covered routes
Destination risk context for India
DestinationAttentionAttention shareBelow peakApplied tariffPrimary reason
United Arab EmiratesARECritical attention47.3%34.3%5.2%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
ChinaCHNCritical attention60.8%38.4%30.1%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSAHigh attention77.1%16.1%2.4%Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction
TogoTGOCritical attention99.6%48.9%Not reportedTariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction
Viet NamVNMCritical attention71.1%36.5%15.5%Buyer-market concentration is the largest observed corridor exposure
Iran (Islamic Republic of)IRNCritical attention92.2%51.2%57%Buyer-market concentration is the largest observed corridor exposure
IndonesiaIDNCritical attention67%35%17.3%Buyer-market concentration is the largest observed corridor exposure
BrazilBRACritical attention82%23%28.8%Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction
BangladeshBGDHigh attention73.3%23.9%66.4%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
TurkeyTURCritical attention42.9%32.5%9.2%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure

Full route coverage is retained. High attention means the route deserves closer product and access review.

Market opportunity signals

Product-market combinations worth investigating

All returned rows use buyer demand, exporter position, and calculated addressable-value fields. They are research signals, not forecasts.

Addressable-value signalsAll returned rows
Market opportunity signals for India
RankMarket and productBuyer importsAddressable 3-year valueCurrent shareDemand signal
1ChinaHS6 260111 · Iron ores and concentrates: non-agglomerated$111.0B$115.9B1.8%Growing -2.6%
2USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsHS6 270900 · Oils: petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude$165.0B$115.5B0%Slowing +1.1%
3ChinaHS6 270900 · Oils: petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude$291.6B$98.7B0%Declining -6.7%
4ChinaHS6 854231 · Electronic integrated circuits: processors and controllers, whether or not combined with memories, converters, logic circuits, amplifiers, clock and timing circuits, or other circuits$158.0B$93.1B0%Accelerating +10.5%
5ChinaHS6 854232 · Electronic integrated circuits: memories$80.6B$65.7B0%Accelerating +20.6%
6ChinaHS6 710812 · Metals: gold, non-monetary, unwrought (but not powder)$80.8B$64.9B0%Growing +2.4%
7ChinaHS6 120190 · Soya beans: other than seed, whether or not broken$47.8B$62.4B0%Stable -13.5%
8ChinaHS6 854239 · Electronic integrated circuits: n.e.c. in heading no. 8542$81.8B$61.4B0%Growing +4%

Addressable value is a calculated field. Validate product, buyer, tariff, and route conditions before commercial decisions.

Detailed export portfolioHS4 lines beneath the leading sectorsOpen the detailed four-digit export table for India.
All HS4 export lines2024 ranking
Top HS4 export lines for India
RankHS4Parent HS2 sectorExportsShareActive HS6
12710HS4 detail codeMineral fuels (27) ↗$58.3B13.4%5
28517HS4 detail codeElectrical machinery (85) ↗$25.0B5.8%7
33004HS4 detail codePharmaceutical products (30) ↗$23.2B5.3%12
47102HS4 detail codePrecious stones and metals (71) ↗$16.8B3.9%5
57113HS4 detail codePrecious stones and metals (71) ↗$12.7B2.9%3
61006HS4 detail codeCereals (10) ↗$11.3B2.6%4
72933HS4 detail codeOrganic chemicals (29) ↗$7.8B1.8%23
88703HS4 detail codeVehicles (87) ↗$7.6B1.8%14
98708HS4 detail codeVehicles (87) ↗$7.3B1.7%14
107601HS4 detail codeAluminium (76) ↗$4.7B1.1%2
110306HS4 detail codeFish and crustaceans (03) ↗$4.4B1%19
120202HS4 detail codeMeat and edible meat offal (02) ↗$3.3B0.8%3

HS4 values are reported observations. The hierarchy is preserved; no missing descriptions are inferred.

The country export read

India combines $434.2B in exports with a broad partner network.

In 2024, India recorded $434.2B in reported exports and $655.6B in imports, producing a reported trade deficit of $221.5B. Exports changed -0.5% year on year and +3% annualized over three years. Mineral fuels (HS2 27) was the largest displayed export sector by value.

Destination network

Where India exports move

All returned destination lanes ranked by latest reported export value. Share is calculated against the country total. Review sources ↗

Latest reported destination lanesAll returned · 2024
Leading export destinations for India
RankDestinationLatest exportsShareYear-on-year3-year CAGR
1USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA$82.2B18.9%+4.8%+4.6%
2United Arab EmiratesARE$32.0B7.4%-3.4%+4%
3ChinaCHN$16.4B3.8%-6.7%-14.5%
4NetherlandsNLD$15.0B3.5%+10.6%+27.8%
5United KingdomGBR$14.1B3.2%+7.1%+9.9%
6GermanyDEU$12.7B2.9%-2.2%+4.4%
7Saudi ArabiaSAU$12.3B2.8%+11.9%+14.6%
8SingaporeSGP$11.7B2.7%+25.9%+8.9%
9BangladeshBGD$11.3B2.6%+0.6%-7%
10FranceFRA$9.2B2.1%+26%+14.6%

Destination values are reported country-to-country observations. Full returned rows remain in the downloads.

Trade history

A long view of export scale

Latest twelve years from the 30-year reported country series. Context, not a forecast.

Reported exports by year

2013
$320.2B
2014
$316.5B
2015
$270.3B
2016
$265.8B
2017
$291.3B
2018
$316.4B
2019
$328.9B
2020
$281.7B
2021
$396.8B
2022
$456.7B
2023
$436.2B
2024
$434.2B

Partner network

Scale is only one part of export capability

Partner breadth, distance, agreements, and tariffs add context to reported exports.

FTA partner markets23Reported count
WTO partner markets169Reported count
EU partner markets28Reported count
Shared-border partners7Country context
Shared-language partners78Country context
Average partner distance7,859 kmCalculated average
Partners with FTA8.5%Calculated share
Applied tariff context0.1%Calculated average
MFN tariff context0.1%Calculated average
Tariff advantage+0.1 ppPreferential vs MFN

Exposure context

Signals to examine alongside export scale

Calculated or classified route and country context. Not predictions or recommendations.

Attention share60.7%

Covered value under attention

Critical share7.1%

Covered value marked critical

Below historical peak22.9%

Distance below route peaks

FTA-covered exports17.3%

Covered value with FTA context

Weighted tariff context0.1%

Export-weighted tariff

Macro contextMacro trend resilient

Primary attention driver: Market access exposure.

Momentum score0.6

History-based indicator

Partner concentration534.5

Partner HHI

Product concentration182.7

Product HHI

Country attention level: Watch. Missing fields remain unavailable.

Complete country valuesOpen the full profile evidenceFull history, sectors, HS4, destinations, risk, opportunities, and source fields.

Profile fields

Year2,024
Country Iso3IND
Exports Usd$434.2B
Imports Usd$655.6B
Trade Balance Usd-$221.5B
Yoy Exports Growth Pct-0.5%
Yoy Imports Growth Pct3.1%
Exports Cagr 3y Pct3%
Imports Cagr 3y Pct5.6%
Export Partner Hhi534.5
Export Product Hhi182.7
Momentum Score0.6
Risk Score3.6
Gdp Million Usd3,909,891.53 million USD
Gdp Per Capita Usd$2.7K
Population1,450,935,791
Labor Force525,944.3
Investment Rate Pct35.7%
Savings Rate Pct30.9%
Secondary Education Pct63.8%
Tertiary Education Pct12.1%
Total Factor Productivity427.5
Trade Openness Pct24.9%
Exports Gdp Pct9.9%
Num Active Partners270
Num Fta Partners23
Num Wto Partners169
Num Eu Partners28
Num Shared Border Partners7
Num Shared Language Partners78
Avg Partner Distance Km7,859 km
Avg Partner Gdp Million Usd533,678,518.33 million USD
Avg Partner Gdp Per Capita Usd$15.8
Avg Buyer Biz Entry DaysNot reported
Avg Buyer Biz Entry Cost PctNot reported
Pct Partners With Fta9
Pct Partners Shared Language29
Pct Partners Shared Border3
Avg Applied Tariff Pct0.1%
Avg Mfn Tariff Pct0.1%
Avg Preferential Tariff Pct0.1%
Tariff Advantage Pp+0.1 pp
Avg Distance All Partners Km7,970
Num Border Partners186
Num Colonial Partners30
Avg Substitution Elasticity-10.9
Pct Products High Elasticity76
Pct Products Low Elasticity3
Real Market Potential262,040.1
Foreign Market Potential21,532.5

Exposure fields

Country Iso3IND
All History Lane Count66,172
Current Lane Count59,927
Critical Lane Count532
High Attention Lane Count12,936
High Volatility Lane Count37,630
Unrecovered Drawdown Lane Count25,198
Declining Demand Lane Count277
Concentrated Market Lane Count29,244
Access Friction Lane Count15,191
Buyer Macro Weakness Lane Count4,280
Monitored Exports Current Usd$404.5B
Attention Exports Usd$245.5B
Critical Exports Usd$28.9B
High Volatility Exports Usd$247.8B
Unrecovered Drawdown Exports Usd$73.1B
Non Fta Exports Usd$332.1B
Monitored Attention Share Pct60.7%
Monitored Critical Share Pct7.1%
Fta Covered Exports Share Pct17.3%
Export Weighted Volatility Cv1.3
Export Weighted Below Peak Pct22.9%
Export Weighted Distance Km6,812 km
Export Weighted Tariff Pct0.1%
Latest Data Year2,024
First Data Year1,995
Country Years Count30
Total Exports Latest Usd$434.2B
Total Imports Latest Usd$655.6B
Trade Balance Latest Usd-$221.5B
Exports Yoy Latest Pct-0.5%
Exports Cagr 3y Latest Pct3%
Gdp Latest Million Usd3,909,891.53 million USD
Gdp Per Capita Latest Usd$2.7K
Population Latest1,450,935,791
Investment Rate Latest Pct35.7%
Savings Rate Latest Pct30.9%
Trade Openness Latest Pct24.9%
Exports Gdp Latest Pct9.9%
Active Partners Latest270
Fta Partners Latest23
Foreign Market Potential Latest21,532.5
Gdp 5y Cagr Pct6.6%
Gdp Per Capita 5y Cagr Pct5.7%
Population 5y Cagr Pct0.9%
Partner Hhi Latest534.5
Partner Top1 Share Latest Pct18.9%
Partner Top3 Share Latest Pct30.1%
Partner Hhi All Avg545.1
Partner Hhi All Max743.5
Product Hhi Latest182.7
Product Top1 Share Latest Pct8.9%
Product Top3 Share Latest Pct18.2%
Product Hhi All Avg210.7
Product Hhi All Max312.7
Total Exports Attention Share Pct56.5%
Total Exports Critical Share Pct6.6%
Attention LevelWatch
Primary Risk DriverMarket access exposure
Macro Resilience LabelMacro trend resilient

Annual country history

YearExportsImportsTrade balanceExports YoYExports CAGR 3Y
1995$31.8B$32.7B-$896.4MNot reportedNot reported
1996$35.0B$34.4B$617.8M+10.2%Not reported
1997$36.7B$36.0B$790.0M+4.8%Not reported
1998$34.6B$35.6B-$955.3M-5.8%+2.9%
1999$39.6B$47.0B-$7.4B+14.4%+4.2%
2000$44.7B$51.0B-$6.2B+12.9%+6.8%
2001$46.1B$48.9B-$2.8B+3%+10%
2002$53.3B$52.5B$801.4M+15.8%+10.4%
2003$64.3B$65.5B-$1.2B+20.6%+12.9%
2004$83.2B$90.0B-$6.9B+29.3%+21.7%
2005$103.8B$125.0B-$21.2B+24.8%+24.8%
2006$125.8B$171.1B-$45.3B+21.2%+25%
2007$156.1B$222.7B-$66.6B+24.1%+23.3%
2008$194.9B$307.7B-$112.8B+24.9%+23.4%
2009$176.7B$259.0B-$82.3B-9.3%+12%
2010$225.7B$339.2B-$113.5B+27.7%+13.1%
2011$296.9B$443.3B-$146.4B+31.6%+15.1%
2012$290.4B$470.1B-$179.7B-2.2%+18%
2013$320.2B$446.4B-$126.2B+10.3%+12.4%
2014$316.5B$433.6B-$117.0B-1.2%+2.2%
2015$270.3B$376.4B-$106.1B-14.6%-2.4%
2016$265.8B$349.1B-$83.3B-1.6%-6%
2017$291.3B$426.1B-$134.8B+9.6%-2.7%
2018$316.4B$490.7B-$174.3B+8.6%+5.4%
2019$328.9B$470.2B-$141.4B+4%+7.4%
2020$281.7B$364.5B-$82.8B-14.3%-1.1%
2021$396.8B$556.6B-$159.8B+40.9%+7.8%
2022$456.7B$684.5B-$227.9B+15.1%+11.6%
2023$436.2B$635.7B-$199.5B-4.5%+15.7%
2024$434.2B$655.6B-$221.5B-0.5%+3%

Top export sectors

RankHS2SectorExportsShareExport partnersActive HS6
127Mineral fuels$62.4B14.4%17743
285Electrical machinery$43.1B9.9%195262
371Precious stones and metals$32.8B7.6%17251
484Machinery$31.5B7.3%196515
530Pharmaceutical products$26.2B6%19743
629Organic chemicals$24.7B5.7%188381
787Vehicles$22.3B5.1%19287
810Cereals$11.8B2.7%18026
972Iron and steel$10.9B2.5%183167
1073Articles of iron or steel$9.8B2.3%193124

Detailed HS4 export lines

RankHS4Parent HS2ExportsShareActive HS6
12710Mineral fuels (27)$58.3B13.4%5
28517Electrical machinery (85)$25.0B5.8%7
33004Pharmaceutical products (30)$23.2B5.3%12
47102Precious stones and metals (71)$16.8B3.9%5
57113Precious stones and metals (71)$12.7B2.9%3
61006Cereals (10)$11.3B2.6%4
72933Organic chemicals (29)$7.8B1.8%23
88703Vehicles (87)$7.6B1.8%14
98708Vehicles (87)$7.3B1.7%14
107601Aluminium (76)$4.7B1.1%2
110306Fish and crustaceans (03)$4.4B1%19
120202Meat and edible meat offal (02)$3.3B0.8%3

Top export destinations

RankDestinationISO3ExportsShareYoYCAGR 3Y
1USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA$82.2B18.9%+4.8%+4.6%
2United Arab EmiratesARE$32.0B7.4%-3.4%+4%
3ChinaCHN$16.4B3.8%-6.7%-14.5%
4NetherlandsNLD$15.0B3.5%+10.6%+27.8%
5United KingdomGBR$14.1B3.2%+7.1%+9.9%
6GermanyDEU$12.7B2.9%-2.2%+4.4%
7Saudi ArabiaSAU$12.3B2.8%+11.9%+14.6%
8SingaporeSGP$11.7B2.7%+25.9%+8.9%
9BangladeshBGD$11.3B2.6%+0.6%-7%
10FranceFRA$9.2B2.1%+26%+14.6%

Destination risk context

RankDestinationAttentionAttention shareBelow peakApplied tariffPrimary reason
1United Arab Emirates (ARE)Critical attention47.3%34.3%5.2%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
2China (CHN)Critical attention60.8%38.4%30.1%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
3USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands (USA)High attention77.1%16.1%2.4%Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction
4Togo (TGO)Critical attention99.6%48.9%Not reportedTariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction
5Viet Nam (VNM)Critical attention71.1%36.5%15.5%Buyer-market concentration is the largest observed corridor exposure
6Iran (Islamic Republic of) (IRN)Critical attention92.2%51.2%57%Buyer-market concentration is the largest observed corridor exposure
7Indonesia (IDN)Critical attention67%35%17.3%Buyer-market concentration is the largest observed corridor exposure
8Brazil (BRA)Critical attention82%23%28.8%Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction
9Bangladesh (BGD)High attention73.3%23.9%66.4%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
10Turkey (TUR)Critical attention42.9%32.5%9.2%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure

Emerging corridor signals

RankDestinationHS6SignalMarket importsCurrent shareStrength
1Bosnia and Herzegovina (BIH)930630new$6.0M17%100
2Azerbaijan (AZE)040520new$28.8M1.1%100
3Armenia (ARM)360100new$1.1M9.5%100
4Austria (AUT)750210new$69.9M0.3%100
5Australia (AUS)720280new$1.3M10%100
6Armenia (ARM)930690new$13.0M100%100
7Austria (AUT)870380new$1.9B0%100
8Armenia (ARM)930110new$438.0K100%100
9Armenia (ARM)720230new$1.5M14.3%100
10Armenia (ARM)845521new$1.0M17.3%100

Market opportunity signals

RankMarketHS6Buyer importsAddressable 3-year valueCurrent shareSignal
1China (CHN)260111$111.0B$115.9B1.8%Growing (-2.6%)
2USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands (USA)270900$165.0B$115.5B0%Slowing (+1.1%)
3China (CHN)270900$291.6B$98.7B0%Declining (-6.7%)
4China (CHN)854231$158.0B$93.1B0%Accelerating (+10.5%)
5China (CHN)854232$80.6B$65.7B0%Accelerating (+20.6%)
6China (CHN)710812$80.8B$64.9B0%Growing (+2.4%)
7China (CHN)120190$47.8B$62.4B0%Stable (-13.5%)
8China (CHN)854239$81.8B$61.4B0%Growing (+4%)

How to read this page

Separate reported scale from calculated context.

Reported exports, imports, trade balance, sector rows, destination rows, and annual history describe merchandise trade observations for the stated country and year.

CAGR, shares, concentration measures, tariff context, exposure shares, and momentum are calculated indicators built from the available observations. They help organize research but are not additional reported trade or forecasts.

Coverage runs from 1995 through 2024 for this profile. Missing values are shown as Not reported. Read the full methodology ↗

Reported observations

OECD BIMTS merchandise trade values are the primary series for this view.

Calculated indicators

Growth, share, HHI, tariff, and exposure fields are derived from available reported values.

Coverage limits

Unavailable values remain unavailable. No company sales, shipment records, or forecasts are implied.

Questions about this profile

India export capability, in context

Short answers for readers comparing country export scale, partner breadth, and calculated trade indicators.

What does the India export profile measure?

It combines reported exports, imports, history, destinations, HS2 sectors, partner context, and calculated indicators for India.

What is the latest reported export value for India?

India recorded $434.2B in reported exports in 2024.

Which markets receive the most exports from India?

USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands leads by reported export value at $82.2B in 2024. Five destination lanes are highlighted.

Which sectors lead India's exports?

Mineral fuels leads by reported value at $62.4B. Five HS2 chapters are highlighted.

How many years of India trade history are available?

This sample contains 30 observed annual rows covering 1995 through 2024. Missing observations are not estimated.

Are the growth and exposure values forecasts?

No. They are calculated or classified from reported observations, not forecasts or market-access guarantees.

Continue your research

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Compare countries, products, sectors, and routes using the available trade evidence and definitions.

Data source

OECD trade statistics with CEPII context

OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-28). OECD BIMTS is the primary trade series for this view. Supporting bilateral trade context uses CEPII BACI bilateral trade flows (202601) under Etalab 2.0 Open Licence. Yugalinks presents derived views of reported observations and calculated indicators. Data terms: OECD Terms & Conditions.