Country export capability

Estonia
export capability

A reported view of Estonia's export scale, destination network, sector breadth, trade history, and market-access context. Use the indicators together; no single measure describes export readiness on its own.

EST1995-2024 coverage270 active partner marketsMacro trend resilient
Latest exports$19.3B2024 reported value
Latest imports$23.3B2024 reported value
Trade balance-$4.0BExports minus imports
Export growth-1.9%Latest year-on-year change
Active partners270Latest reported markets

Country export profile overview

Estonia export data in one research view

This profile brings together export performance, trade balance, destination markets, HS2 sectors, partner breadth, history, and market-access context for country export research.

Export scale and balance

Start with the latest reported trade position

In 2024, Estonia recorded $19.3B in exports and $23.3B in imports. The resulting -$4.0B trade balance gives the latest country-level position a clear context.

Exports changed -1.9% year on year and show a calculated -1.7% three-year CAGR. CAGR is an annualized comparison of reported values, not a forecast.

Markets and sectors

See where export value is concentrated

Finland received $2.8B in reported exports, representing 14.4% of the latest country total. Electrical machinery was the largest displayed HS2 export sector at $2.8B and 14.3% of exports.

The visible page highlights five leading destinations and five leading HS2 sectors, while the complete structured files retain every row supplied for this sample.

History and coverage

Read today's number against the long series

The country series covers 1995 through 2024, with 30 observed annual rows. That longer view helps separate a single-year movement from the broader export trend.

Partner counts, tariff context, concentration, exposure shares, and momentum are supporting indicators calculated from available trade observations. Missing values remain unavailable rather than estimated.

Economy and structure

The context around Estonia's export base

Macroeconomic and structural indicators add context to merchandise trade scale. They describe the country environment; they do not predict company performance or future exports.

GDP$43.1B2024 macro context
GDP per capita$31.4KCurrent-dollar GDP
Population1.4MReported population
Labor force682.8Reported labor force
Investment rate30.8%National investment rate
Savings rate31.2%National savings rate
Trade openness130.5%Exports + imports / GDP
Exports / GDP59.2%Merchandise exports / GDP
Secondary education97.9%Education context
Tertiary education29.7%Education context

Market signals

Where to look more closely next

Route-level risk and emerging-corridor signals for further research. These are calculated indicators, not forecasts.

Destination risk contextAll covered routes
Destination risk context for Estonia
DestinationAttentionAttention shareBelow peakApplied tariffPrimary reason
LatviaLVACritical attention53%37.3%2%Buyer-market concentration is the largest observed corridor exposure
FinlandFINCritical attention32.2%32.8%1.6%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
GermanyDEUWatch18.1%29.1%1.7%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
NigeriaNGACritical attention97.2%74.5%20.6%Current trade remains materially below historical peaks
SwedenSWEWatch30.5%37.8%1.6%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
GreeceGRCCritical attention47.2%38.9%1.7%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
JapanJPNHigh attention70.5%42.7%2%Buyer-market concentration is the largest observed corridor exposure
United Arab EmiratesARECritical attention28.1%24.8%5.2%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
GuatemalaGTMCritical attention98.4%85.3%7.3%Buyer-market concentration is the largest observed corridor exposure
Saudi ArabiaSAUCritical attention71.2%63.6%7.9%Current trade remains materially below historical peaks

Full route coverage is retained. High attention means the route deserves closer product and access review.

Market opportunity signals

Product-market combinations worth investigating

All returned rows use buyer demand, exporter position, and calculated addressable-value fields. They are research signals, not forecasts.

Addressable-value signalsAll returned rows
Market opportunity signals for Estonia
RankMarket and productBuyer importsAddressable 3-year valueCurrent shareDemand signal
1USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsHS6 270900 · Oils: petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude$165.0B$115.5B0%Declining +1.1%
2ChinaHS6 270900 · Oils: petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude$291.6B$98.7B0%Stable -6.7%
3ChinaHS6 854231 · Electronic integrated circuits: processors and controllers, whether or not combined with memories, converters, logic circuits, amplifiers, clock and timing circuits, or other circuits$158.0B$93.1B0%Growing +10.5%
4IndiaHS6 270900 · Oils: petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude$130.1B$73.0B0%Declining -0.5%
5ChinaHS6 854232 · Electronic integrated circuits: memories$80.6B$65.7B0%Accelerating +20.6%
6ChinaHS6 854239 · Electronic integrated circuits: n.e.c. in heading no. 8542$81.8B$61.4B0%Accelerating +4%
7USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsHS6 851712 · Telephones for cellular networks or for other wireless networks$53.9B$53.8B0%Accelerating -8.8%
8USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsHS6 847150 · Digital processing units: other than those of subheadings 8471.41 or 8471.49, whether or not containing in the same housing one or two of the following types of unit: storage units, input units or output units$53.9B$45.6B0%Accelerating +60.2%

Addressable value is a calculated field. Validate product, buyer, tariff, and route conditions before commercial decisions.

Detailed export portfolioHS4 lines beneath the leading sectorsOpen the detailed four-digit export table for Estonia.
All HS4 export lines2024 ranking
Top HS4 export lines for Estonia
RankHS4Parent HS2 sectorExportsShareActive HS6
18517HS4 detail codeElectrical machinery (85) ↗$1.0B5.2%7
28703HS4 detail codeVehicles (87) ↗$853.8M4.4%14
32710HS4 detail codeMineral fuels (27) ↗$643.5M3.3%5
42716HS4 detail codeMineral fuels (27) ↗$465.0M2.4%1
59406HS4 detail codeFurniture and lighting (94) ↗$439.2M2.3%2
62707HS4 detail codeMineral fuels (27) ↗$414.9M2.1%7
74418HS4 detail codeWood and wood articles (44) ↗$389.1M2%11
84401HS4 detail codeWood and wood articles (44) ↗$359.4M1.9%7
92711HS4 detail codeMineral fuels (27) ↗$331.2M1.7%7
101511HS4 detail codeAnimal and vegetable fats (15) ↗$316.1M1.6%2
114407HS4 detail codeWood and wood articles (44) ↗$315.1M1.6%18
128708HS4 detail codeVehicles (87) ↗$298.4M1.5%14

HS4 values are reported observations. The hierarchy is preserved; no missing descriptions are inferred.

The country export read

Estonia combines $19.3B in exports with a broad partner network.

In 2024, Estonia recorded $19.3B in reported exports and $23.3B in imports, producing a reported trade deficit of $4.0B. Exports changed -1.9% year on year and -1.7% annualized over three years. Electrical machinery (HS2 85) was the largest displayed export sector by value.

Destination network

Where Estonia exports move

All returned destination lanes ranked by latest reported export value. Share is calculated against the country total. Review sources ↗

Latest reported destination lanesAll returned · 2024
Leading export destinations for Estonia
RankDestinationLatest exportsShareYear-on-year3-year CAGR
1FinlandFIN$2.8B14.4%-6.5%-2%
2LatviaLVA$2.2B11.1%-3.9%+0.5%
3SwedenSWE$1.6B8.3%-4.7%-3.5%
4LithuaniaLTU$1.5B8%-12.8%+3.8%
5RussiaRUS$1.1B5.9%+15.7%+15.8%
6GermanyDEU$1.0B5.3%-9.6%-1.6%
7NetherlandsNLD$1.0B5.3%+14.6%-5.5%
8USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA$930.8M4.8%+40.4%-21.5%
9NorwayNOR$630.8M3.3%-4.3%-3.2%
10DenmarkDNK$581.4M3%-0.1%+0.9%

Destination values are reported country-to-country observations. Full returned rows remain in the downloads.

Trade history

A long view of export scale

Latest twelve years from the 30-year reported country series. Context, not a forecast.

Reported exports by year

2013
$15.3B
2014
$16.5B
2015
$12.9B
2016
$13.5B
2017
$14.2B
2018
$16.2B
2019
$15.5B
2020
$15.4B
2021
$20.3B
2022
$23.3B
2023
$19.7B
2024
$19.3B

Partner network

Scale is only one part of export capability

Partner breadth, distance, agreements, and tariffs add context to reported exports.

FTA partner markets108Reported count
WTO partner markets169Reported count
EU partner markets28Reported count
Shared-border partners2Country context
Shared-language partners0Country context
Average partner distance6,814 kmCalculated average
Partners with FTA40%Calculated share
Applied tariff context0.1%Calculated average
MFN tariff context0.1%Calculated average
Tariff advantage+0.1 ppPreferential vs MFN

Exposure context

Signals to examine alongside export scale

Calculated or classified route and country context. Not predictions or recommendations.

Attention share36.1%

Covered value under attention

Critical share5.5%

Covered value marked critical

Below historical peak31.9%

Distance below route peaks

FTA-covered exports82.2%

Covered value with FTA context

Weighted tariff context0%

Export-weighted tariff

Macro contextMacro trend resilient

Primary attention driver: High trade volatility.

Momentum score-1.8

History-based indicator

Partner concentration629.4

Partner HHI

Product concentration64.9

Product HHI

Country attention level: Watch. Missing fields remain unavailable.

Complete country valuesOpen the full profile evidenceFull history, sectors, HS4, destinations, risk, opportunities, and source fields.

Profile fields

Year2,024
Country Iso3EST
Exports Usd$19.3B
Imports Usd$23.3B
Trade Balance Usd-$4.0B
Yoy Exports Growth Pct-1.9%
Yoy Imports Growth Pct1.3%
Exports Cagr 3y Pct-1.7%
Imports Cagr 3y Pct-3.3%
Export Partner Hhi629.4
Export Product Hhi64.9
Momentum Score-1.8
Risk Score3.5
Gdp Million Usd43,130.42 million USD
Gdp Per Capita Usd$31.4K
Population1,372,341
Labor Force682.8
Investment Rate Pct30.8%
Savings Rate Pct31.2%
Secondary Education Pct97.9%
Tertiary Education Pct29.7%
Total Factor Productivity1,312.4
Trade Openness Pct130.5%
Exports Gdp Pct59.2%
Num Active Partners270
Num Fta Partners108
Num Wto Partners169
Num Eu Partners28
Num Shared Border Partners2
Num Shared Language Partners0
Avg Partner Distance Km6,814 km
Avg Partner Gdp Million Usd533,678,518.33 million USD
Avg Partner Gdp Per Capita Usd$15.8
Avg Buyer Biz Entry DaysNot reported
Avg Buyer Biz Entry Cost PctNot reported
Pct Partners With Fta40
Pct Partners Shared Language0
Pct Partners Shared Border1
Avg Applied Tariff Pct0.1%
Avg Mfn Tariff Pct0.1%
Avg Preferential Tariff Pct0%
Tariff Advantage Pp+0.1 pp
Avg Distance All Partners Km6,808
Num Border Partners50
Num Colonial Partners50
Avg Substitution Elasticity-10.5
Pct Products High Elasticity75
Pct Products Low Elasticity3
Real Market Potential9,284,558.5
Foreign Market Potential542,101.5

Exposure fields

Country Iso3EST
All History Lane Count13,867
Current Lane Count9,619
Critical Lane Count15
High Attention Lane Count866
High Volatility Lane Count5,864
Unrecovered Drawdown Lane Count4,237
Declining Demand Lane Count51
Concentrated Market Lane Count3,426
Access Friction Lane Count338
Buyer Macro Weakness Lane Count143
Monitored Exports Current Usd$16.6B
Attention Exports Usd$6.0B
Critical Exports Usd$913.1M
High Volatility Exports Usd$9.1B
Unrecovered Drawdown Exports Usd$4.5B
Non Fta Exports Usd$2.9B
Monitored Attention Share Pct36.1%
Monitored Critical Share Pct5.5%
Fta Covered Exports Share Pct82.2%
Export Weighted Volatility Cv1.2
Export Weighted Below Peak Pct31.9%
Export Weighted Distance Km1,734 km
Export Weighted Tariff Pct0%
Latest Data Year2,024
First Data Year1,995
Country Years Count30
Total Exports Latest Usd$19.3B
Total Imports Latest Usd$23.3B
Trade Balance Latest Usd-$4.0B
Exports Yoy Latest Pct-1.9%
Exports Cagr 3y Latest Pct-1.7%
Gdp Latest Million Usd43,130.42 million USD
Gdp Per Capita Latest Usd$31.4K
Population Latest1,372,341
Investment Rate Latest Pct30.8%
Savings Rate Latest Pct31.2%
Trade Openness Latest Pct130.5%
Exports Gdp Latest Pct59.2%
Active Partners Latest270
Fta Partners Latest108
Foreign Market Potential Latest542,101.5
Gdp 5y Cagr Pct6.2%
Gdp Per Capita 5y Cagr Pct5.5%
Population 5y Cagr Pct0.7%
Partner Hhi Latest629.4
Partner Top1 Share Latest Pct14.4%
Partner Top3 Share Latest Pct33.8%
Partner Hhi All Avg814.6
Partner Hhi All Max1,108
Product Hhi Latest64.9
Product Top1 Share Latest Pct3.6%
Product Top3 Share Latest Pct8.1%
Product Hhi All Avg148
Product Hhi All Max509.6
Total Exports Attention Share Pct31.1%
Total Exports Critical Share Pct4.7%
Attention LevelWatch
Primary Risk DriverHigh trade volatility
Macro Resilience LabelMacro trend resilient

Annual country history

YearExportsImportsTrade balanceExports YoYExports CAGR 3Y
1995$1.8B$2.7B-$890.2MNot reportedNot reported
1996$2.3B$3.2B-$867.3M+26.3%Not reported
1997$3.0B$4.0B-$926.7M+32.1%Not reported
1998$3.1B$4.3B-$1.2B+3.4%+19.9%
1999$3.1B$4.0B-$900.5M-0.8%+10.6%
2000$4.4B$5.1B-$632.2M+42.1%+13.4%
2001$4.2B$5.1B-$937.2M-5.9%+9.9%
2002$4.2B$6.1B-$1.9B+1.3%+10.7%
2003$5.2B$7.4B-$2.2B+24.4%+5.8%
2004$6.7B$8.9B-$2.2B+28%+17.3%
2005$8.3B$10.8B-$2.4B+23.9%+25.4%
2006$10.0B$14.9B-$4.9B+20%+23.9%
2007$10.6B$16.2B-$5.6B+6.3%+16.5%
2008$11.7B$16.3B-$4.6B+10.3%+12%
2009$9.1B$10.7B-$1.6B-22.2%-3%
2010$11.3B$13.3B-$2.0B+23.9%+2.1%
2011$16.5B$19.3B-$2.8B+46.5%+12.2%
2012$15.0B$20.9B-$5.9B-9%+18.2%
2013$15.3B$21.0B-$5.7B+1.9%+10.8%
2014$16.5B$20.7B-$4.2B+7.5%-0.1%
2015$12.9B$16.2B-$3.3B-21.4%-4.9%
2016$13.5B$16.2B-$2.7B+4.1%-4.2%
2017$14.2B$17.7B-$3.5B+5.6%-4.8%
2018$16.2B$20.0B-$3.8B+13.7%+7.7%
2019$15.5B$19.0B-$3.5B-4.3%+4.8%
2020$15.4B$18.7B-$3.3B-0.4%+2.7%
2021$20.3B$25.7B-$5.4B+31.8%+7.9%
2022$23.3B$26.7B-$3.4B+14.6%+14.6%
2023$19.7B$23.0B-$3.3B-15.5%+8.5%
2024$19.3B$23.3B-$4.0B-1.9%-1.7%

Top export sectors

RankHS2SectorExportsShareExport partnersActive HS6
185Electrical machinery$2.8B14.3%173262
227Mineral fuels$2.1B10.6%13043
344Wood and wood articles$2.0B10.3%121103
484Machinery$1.6B8.3%170515
587Vehicles$1.5B7.8%16587
694Furniture and lighting$1.1B5.7%12142
790Optical and medical instruments$750.0M3.9%161142
873Articles of iron or steel$704.5M3.6%145124
915Animal and vegetable fats$533.5M2.8%5848
1039Plastics$481.1M2.5%149129

Detailed HS4 export lines

RankHS4Parent HS2ExportsShareActive HS6
18517Electrical machinery (85)$1.0B5.2%7
28703Vehicles (87)$853.8M4.4%14
32710Mineral fuels (27)$643.5M3.3%5
42716Mineral fuels (27)$465.0M2.4%1
59406Furniture and lighting (94)$439.2M2.3%2
62707Mineral fuels (27)$414.9M2.1%7
74418Wood and wood articles (44)$389.1M2%11
84401Wood and wood articles (44)$359.4M1.9%7
92711Mineral fuels (27)$331.2M1.7%7
101511Animal and vegetable fats (15)$316.1M1.6%2
114407Wood and wood articles (44)$315.1M1.6%18
128708Vehicles (87)$298.4M1.5%14

Top export destinations

RankDestinationISO3ExportsShareYoYCAGR 3Y
1FinlandFIN$2.8B14.4%-6.5%-2%
2LatviaLVA$2.2B11.1%-3.9%+0.5%
3SwedenSWE$1.6B8.3%-4.7%-3.5%
4LithuaniaLTU$1.5B8%-12.8%+3.8%
5RussiaRUS$1.1B5.9%+15.7%+15.8%
6GermanyDEU$1.0B5.3%-9.6%-1.6%
7NetherlandsNLD$1.0B5.3%+14.6%-5.5%
8USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA$930.8M4.8%+40.4%-21.5%
9NorwayNOR$630.8M3.3%-4.3%-3.2%
10DenmarkDNK$581.4M3%-0.1%+0.9%

Destination risk context

RankDestinationAttentionAttention shareBelow peakApplied tariffPrimary reason
1Latvia (LVA)Critical attention53%37.3%2%Buyer-market concentration is the largest observed corridor exposure
2Finland (FIN)Critical attention32.2%32.8%1.6%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
3Germany (DEU)Watch18.1%29.1%1.7%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
4Nigeria (NGA)Critical attention97.2%74.5%20.6%Current trade remains materially below historical peaks
5Sweden (SWE)Watch30.5%37.8%1.6%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
6Greece (GRC)Critical attention47.2%38.9%1.7%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
7Japan (JPN)High attention70.5%42.7%2%Buyer-market concentration is the largest observed corridor exposure
8United Arab Emirates (ARE)Critical attention28.1%24.8%5.2%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
9Guatemala (GTM)Critical attention98.4%85.3%7.3%Buyer-market concentration is the largest observed corridor exposure
10Saudi Arabia (SAU)Critical attention71.2%63.6%7.9%Current trade remains materially below historical peaks

Emerging corridor signals

RankDestinationHS6SignalMarket importsCurrent shareStrength
1India (IND)847940new$68.0M0.7%100
2China (CHN)530290new$10.9M2.8%100
3Israel (ISR)071290new$62.9M6.8%100
4Czechia (CZE)440796new$352.5K42.3%100
5Indonesia (IDN)841780new$91.3M0.4%100
6Brazil (BRA)840490new$7.1M2.3%100
7Switzerland, Liechtenstein (CHE)300449new$50.7M7%100
8Croatia (HRV)180500new$8.7M1.6%100
9Spain (ESP)290410new$19.6M2%100
10Switzerland, Liechtenstein (CHE)902219new$25.3M5.7%100

Market opportunity signals

RankMarketHS6Buyer importsAddressable 3-year valueCurrent shareSignal
1USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands (USA)270900$165.0B$115.5B0%Declining (+1.1%)
2China (CHN)270900$291.6B$98.7B0%Stable (-6.7%)
3China (CHN)854231$158.0B$93.1B0%Growing (+10.5%)
4India (IND)270900$130.1B$73.0B0%Declining (-0.5%)
5China (CHN)854232$80.6B$65.7B0%Accelerating (+20.6%)
6China (CHN)854239$81.8B$61.4B0%Accelerating (+4%)
7USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands (USA)851712$53.9B$53.8B0%Accelerating (-8.8%)
8USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands (USA)847150$53.9B$45.6B0%Accelerating (+60.2%)

How to read this page

Separate reported scale from calculated context.

Reported exports, imports, trade balance, sector rows, destination rows, and annual history describe merchandise trade observations for the stated country and year.

CAGR, shares, concentration measures, tariff context, exposure shares, and momentum are calculated indicators built from the available observations. They help organize research but are not additional reported trade or forecasts.

Coverage runs from 1995 through 2024 for this profile. Missing values are shown as Not reported. Read the full methodology ↗

Reported observations

OECD BIMTS merchandise trade values are the primary series for this view.

Calculated indicators

Growth, share, HHI, tariff, and exposure fields are derived from available reported values.

Coverage limits

Unavailable values remain unavailable. No company sales, shipment records, or forecasts are implied.

Questions about this profile

Estonia export capability, in context

Short answers for readers comparing country export scale, partner breadth, and calculated trade indicators.

What does the Estonia export profile measure?

It combines reported exports, imports, history, destinations, HS2 sectors, partner context, and calculated indicators for Estonia.

What is the latest reported export value for Estonia?

Estonia recorded $19.3B in reported exports in 2024.

Which markets receive the most exports from Estonia?

Finland leads by reported export value at $2.8B in 2024. Five destination lanes are highlighted.

Which sectors lead Estonia's exports?

Electrical machinery leads by reported value at $2.8B. Five HS2 chapters are highlighted.

How many years of Estonia trade history are available?

This sample contains 30 observed annual rows covering 1995 through 2024. Missing observations are not estimated.

Are the growth and exposure values forecasts?

No. They are calculated or classified from reported observations, not forecasts or market-access guarantees.

Continue your research

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Compare countries, products, sectors, and routes using the available trade evidence and definitions.

Data source

OECD trade statistics with CEPII context

OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-28). OECD BIMTS is the primary trade series for this view. Supporting bilateral trade context uses CEPII BACI bilateral trade flows (202601) under Etalab 2.0 Open Licence. Yugalinks presents derived views of reported observations and calculated indicators. Data terms: OECD Terms & Conditions.