Country export capability

Colombia
export capability

A reported view of Colombia's export scale, destination network, sector breadth, trade history, and market-access context. Use the indicators together; no single measure describes export readiness on its own.

COL1995-2024 coverage270 active partner marketsMacro trend resilient
Latest exports$55.3B2024 reported value
Latest imports$61.4B2024 reported value
Trade balance-$6.1BExports minus imports
Export growth-1.9%Latest year-on-year change
Active partners270Latest reported markets

Country export profile overview

Colombia export data in one research view

This profile brings together export performance, trade balance, destination markets, HS2 sectors, partner breadth, history, and market-access context for country export research.

Export scale and balance

Start with the latest reported trade position

In 2024, Colombia recorded $55.3B in exports and $61.4B in imports. The resulting -$6.1B trade balance gives the latest country-level position a clear context.

Exports changed -1.9% year on year and show a calculated +7.2% three-year CAGR. CAGR is an annualized comparison of reported values, not a forecast.

Markets and sectors

See where export value is concentrated

USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands received $16.6B in reported exports, representing 30% of the latest country total. Mineral fuels was the largest displayed HS2 export sector at $26.2B and 47.4% of exports.

The visible page highlights five leading destinations and five leading HS2 sectors, while the complete structured files retain every row supplied for this sample.

History and coverage

Read today's number against the long series

The country series covers 1995 through 2024, with 30 observed annual rows. That longer view helps separate a single-year movement from the broader export trend.

Partner counts, tariff context, concentration, exposure shares, and momentum are supporting indicators calculated from available trade observations. Missing values remain unavailable rather than estimated.

Economy and structure

The context around Colombia's export base

Macroeconomic and structural indicators add context to merchandise trade scale. They describe the country environment; they do not predict company performance or future exports.

GDP$418.8B2024 macro context
GDP per capita$7.9KCurrent-dollar GDP
Population52.9MReported population
Labor force28.3KReported labor force
Investment rate21.8%National investment rate
Savings rate19.5%National savings rate
Trade openness23.8%Exports + imports / GDP
Exports / GDP11.3%Merchandise exports / GDP
Secondary education77.9%Education context
Tertiary education28.9%Education context

Market signals

Where to look more closely next

Route-level risk and emerging-corridor signals for further research. These are calculated indicators, not forecasts.

Destination risk contextAll covered routes
Destination risk context for Colombia
DestinationAttentionAttention shareBelow peakApplied tariffPrimary reason
USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSACritical attention51.9%33.2%1.8%Buyer-market concentration is the largest observed corridor exposure
IndiaINDCritical attention72.3%31.3%51.9%Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction
TurkeyTURCritical attention99.2%61.3%9%Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction
IsraelISRCritical attention65.2%60.1%6.8%Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction
ChileCHLCritical attention68.8%42.1%8.8%Buyer-market concentration is the largest observed corridor exposure
NetherlandsNLDCritical attention46.8%47.6%1.1%Buyer-market concentration is the largest observed corridor exposure
JapanJPNCritical attention98.4%40%2%Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction
PolandPOLCritical attention90.7%63.6%13.3%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
VenezuelaVENCritical attention79.1%39.4%15.9%Buyer-market concentration is the largest observed corridor exposure
EgyptEGYCritical attention98.9%59.1%33.7%Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction

Full route coverage is retained. High attention means the route deserves closer product and access review.

Market opportunity signals

Product-market combinations worth investigating

All returned rows use buyer demand, exporter position, and calculated addressable-value fields. They are research signals, not forecasts.

Addressable-value signalsAll returned rows
Market opportunity signals for Colombia
RankMarket and productBuyer importsAddressable 3-year valueCurrent shareDemand signal
1ChinaHS6 260111 · Iron ores and concentrates: non-agglomerated$111.0B$119.1B0%Stable -2.6%
2USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsHS6 270900 · Oils: petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude$165.0B$109.5B3.2%Growing +1.1%
3ChinaHS6 270900 · Oils: petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude$291.6B$94.5B0.9%Growing -6.7%
4ChinaHS6 854231 · Electronic integrated circuits: processors and controllers, whether or not combined with memories, converters, logic circuits, amplifiers, clock and timing circuits, or other circuits$158.0B$93.1B0%Growing +10.5%
5IndiaHS6 270900 · Oils: petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude$130.1B$70.6B1.3%Accelerating -0.5%
6ChinaHS6 854232 · Electronic integrated circuits: memories$80.6B$65.7B0%Slowing +20.6%
7ChinaHS6 710812 · Metals: gold, non-monetary, unwrought (but not powder)$80.8B$64.9B0%Growing +2.4%
8ChinaHS6 854239 · Electronic integrated circuits: n.e.c. in heading no. 8542$81.8B$61.4B0%Growing +4%

Addressable value is a calculated field. Validate product, buyer, tariff, and route conditions before commercial decisions.

Detailed export portfolioHS4 lines beneath the leading sectorsOpen the detailed four-digit export table for Colombia.
All HS4 export lines2024 ranking
Top HS4 export lines for Colombia
RankHS4Parent HS2 sectorExportsShareActive HS6
12709HS4 detail codeMineral fuels (27) ↗$14.6B26.4%1
22701HS4 detail codeMineral fuels (27) ↗$7.3B13.1%4
37108HS4 detail codePrecious stones and metals (71) ↗$4.1B7.4%3
40901HS4 detail codeCoffee, tea and spices (09) ↗$3.5B6.3%5
52710HS4 detail codeMineral fuels (27) ↗$2.5B4.6%5
60603HS4 detail codeLive plants and cut flowers (06) ↗$2.3B4.2%7
70803HS4 detail codeEdible fruit and nuts (08) ↗$1.3B2.4%2
82704HS4 detail codeMineral fuels (27) ↗$1.2B2.1%1
97610HS4 detail codeAluminium (76) ↗$606.4M1.1%2
103808HS4 detail codeMiscellaneous chemical products (38) ↗$551.1M1%10
117202HS4 detail codeIron and steel (72) ↗$523.5M0.9%14
123004HS4 detail codePharmaceutical products (30) ↗$439.8M0.8%11

HS4 values are reported observations. The hierarchy is preserved; no missing descriptions are inferred.

The country export read

Colombia combines $55.3B in exports with a broad partner network.

In 2024, Colombia recorded $55.3B in reported exports and $61.4B in imports, producing a reported trade deficit of $6.1B. Exports changed -1.9% year on year and +7.2% annualized over three years. Mineral fuels (HS2 27) was the largest displayed export sector by value.

Destination network

Where Colombia exports move

All returned destination lanes ranked by latest reported export value. Share is calculated against the country total. Review sources ↗

Latest reported destination lanesAll returned · 2024
Leading export destinations for Colombia
RankDestinationLatest exportsShareYear-on-year3-year CAGR
1USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA$16.6B30%+8.1%+9.9%
2PanamaPAN$4.3B7.8%-8%+21.2%
3ChinaCHN$4.2B7.6%-4.3%-2.4%
4IndiaIND$3.0B5.4%+11.6%+6.9%
5MexicoMEX$2.2B4%+4.9%+19%
6BrazilBRA$2.0B3.7%-2.5%+0.1%
7EcuadorECU$2.0B3.6%-6.9%+3.6%
8PeruPER$1.3B2.4%+14%+6.1%
9NetherlandsNLD$1.3B2.4%-32.4%+13.1%
10Republic of KoreaKOR$1.3B2.3%+39.9%+26.9%

Destination values are reported country-to-country observations. Full returned rows remain in the downloads.

Trade history

A long view of export scale

Latest twelve years from the 30-year reported country series. Context, not a forecast.

Reported exports by year

2013
$63.0B
2014
$60.6B
2015
$41.1B
2016
$35.8B
2017
$42.0B
2018
$46.5B
2019
$43.1B
2020
$33.8B
2021
$44.9B
2022
$65.6B
2023
$56.4B
2024
$55.3B

Partner network

Scale is only one part of export capability

Partner breadth, distance, agreements, and tariffs add context to reported exports.

FTA partner markets42Reported count
WTO partner markets169Reported count
EU partner markets28Reported count
Shared-border partners5Country context
Shared-language partners24Country context
Average partner distance9,788 kmCalculated average
Partners with FTA15.6%Calculated share
Applied tariff context0.1%Calculated average
MFN tariff context0.1%Calculated average
Tariff advantage+0.1 ppPreferential vs MFN

Exposure context

Signals to examine alongside export scale

Calculated or classified route and country context. Not predictions or recommendations.

Attention share54.5%

Covered value under attention

Critical share20.6%

Covered value marked critical

Below historical peak31.4%

Distance below route peaks

FTA-covered exports59.2%

Covered value with FTA context

Weighted tariff context0.1%

Export-weighted tariff

Macro contextMacro trend resilient

Primary attention driver: Market access exposure.

Momentum score0.8

History-based indicator

Partner concentration1,140.6

Partner HHI

Product concentration950.2

Product HHI

Country attention level: Critical attention. Missing fields remain unavailable.

Complete country valuesOpen the full profile evidenceFull history, sectors, HS4, destinations, risk, opportunities, and source fields.

Profile fields

Year2,024
Country Iso3COL
Exports Usd$55.3B
Imports Usd$61.4B
Trade Balance Usd-$6.1B
Yoy Exports Growth Pct-1.9%
Yoy Imports Growth Pct3.4%
Exports Cagr 3y Pct7.2%
Imports Cagr 3y Pct1.4%
Export Partner Hhi1,140.6
Export Product Hhi950.2
Momentum Score0.8
Risk Score10.5
Gdp Million Usd418,818.15 million USD
Gdp Per Capita Usd$7.9K
Population52,886,363
Labor Force28,266.3
Investment Rate Pct21.8%
Savings Rate Pct19.5%
Secondary Education Pct77.9%
Tertiary Education Pct28.9%
Total Factor Productivity722.8
Trade Openness Pct23.8%
Exports Gdp Pct11.3%
Num Active Partners270
Num Fta Partners42
Num Wto Partners169
Num Eu Partners28
Num Shared Border Partners5
Num Shared Language Partners24
Avg Partner Distance Km9,788 km
Avg Partner Gdp Million Usd533,678,518.33 million USD
Avg Partner Gdp Per Capita Usd$15.8
Avg Buyer Biz Entry DaysNot reported
Avg Buyer Biz Entry Cost PctNot reported
Pct Partners With Fta16
Pct Partners Shared Language9
Pct Partners Shared Border2
Avg Applied Tariff Pct0.1%
Avg Mfn Tariff Pct0.1%
Avg Preferential Tariff Pct0%
Tariff Advantage Pp+0.1 pp
Avg Distance All Partners Km9,623
Num Border Partners130
Num Colonial Partners25
Avg Substitution Elasticity-9.9
Pct Products High Elasticity74
Pct Products Low Elasticity3
Real Market Potential123,429.6
Foreign Market Potential9,374.6

Exposure fields

Country Iso3COL
All History Lane Count10,632
Current Lane Count6,200
Critical Lane Count56
High Attention Lane Count1,025
High Volatility Lane Count3,369
Unrecovered Drawdown Lane Count2,469
Declining Demand Lane Count17
Concentrated Market Lane Count3,293
Access Friction Lane Count802
Buyer Macro Weakness Lane Count114
Monitored Exports Current Usd$52.4B
Attention Exports Usd$28.6B
Critical Exports Usd$10.8B
High Volatility Exports Usd$16.6B
Unrecovered Drawdown Exports Usd$17.4B
Non Fta Exports Usd$21.1B
Monitored Attention Share Pct54.5%
Monitored Critical Share Pct20.6%
Fta Covered Exports Share Pct59.2%
Export Weighted Volatility Cv1
Export Weighted Below Peak Pct31.4%
Export Weighted Distance Km6,666 km
Export Weighted Tariff Pct0.1%
Latest Data Year2,024
First Data Year1,995
Country Years Count30
Total Exports Latest Usd$55.3B
Total Imports Latest Usd$61.4B
Trade Balance Latest Usd-$6.1B
Exports Yoy Latest Pct-1.9%
Exports Cagr 3y Latest Pct7.2%
Gdp Latest Million Usd418,818.15 million USD
Gdp Per Capita Latest Usd$7.9K
Population Latest52,886,363
Investment Rate Latest Pct21.8%
Savings Rate Latest Pct19.5%
Trade Openness Latest Pct23.8%
Exports Gdp Latest Pct11.3%
Active Partners Latest270
Fta Partners Latest42
Foreign Market Potential Latest9,374.6
Gdp 5y Cagr Pct5.3%
Gdp Per Capita 5y Cagr Pct4.1%
Population 5y Cagr Pct1.2%
Partner Hhi Latest1,140.6
Partner Top1 Share Latest Pct30%
Partner Top3 Share Latest Pct45.4%
Partner Hhi All Avg1,559.3
Partner Hhi All Max2,695.2
Product Hhi Latest950.2
Product Top1 Share Latest Pct26.4%
Product Top3 Share Latest Pct44.5%
Product Hhi All Avg1,092.8
Product Hhi All Max2,448
Total Exports Attention Share Pct51.6%
Total Exports Critical Share Pct19.5%
Attention LevelCritical attention
Primary Risk DriverMarket access exposure
Macro Resilience LabelMacro trend resilient

Annual country history

YearExportsImportsTrade balanceExports YoYExports CAGR 3Y
1995$10.3B$13.0B-$2.7BNot reportedNot reported
1996$10.8B$12.8B-$2.0B+4.6%Not reported
1997$11.6B$14.4B-$2.7B+7.8%Not reported
1998$11.1B$13.7B-$2.6B-4.5%+2.5%
1999$12.1B$9.7B$2.4B+9.2%+4%
2000$13.5B$10.7B$2.8B+11.4%+5.1%
2001$12.7B$11.4B$1.2B-6.1%+4.5%
2002$12.4B$11.6B$838.4M-2%+0.8%
2003$14.0B$12.6B$1.4B+12.5%+1.2%
2004$17.8B$15.3B$2.5B+27.4%+12%
2005$22.7B$19.6B$3.1B+27.4%+22.2%
2006$25.6B$25.4B$236.4M+12.8%+22.4%
2007$30.8B$31.6B-$844.1M+20.3%+20%
2008$40.5B$37.6B$2.8B+31.5%+21.3%
2009$33.5B$31.1B$2.4B-17.1%+9.4%
2010$40.5B$39.5B$992.5M+20.7%+9.6%
2011$59.7B$52.0B$7.8B+47.6%+13.9%
2012$65.2B$55.4B$9.8B+9.2%+24.8%
2013$63.0B$56.7B$6.3B-3.4%+15.9%
2014$60.6B$61.1B-$469.9M-3.8%+0.5%
2015$41.1B$51.2B-$10.0B-32.1%-14.2%
2016$35.8B$43.3B-$7.6B-13.1%-17.2%
2017$42.0B$45.2B-$3.2B+17.5%-11.5%
2018$46.5B$50.0B-$3.5B+10.6%+4.1%
2019$43.1B$50.9B-$7.8B-7.4%+6.4%
2020$33.8B$41.8B-$8.0B-21.4%-7%
2021$44.9B$59.0B-$14.1B+32.7%-1.2%
2022$65.6B$71.7B-$6.1B+46.2%+15.1%
2023$56.4B$59.4B-$3.0B-14.1%+18.6%
2024$55.3B$61.4B-$6.1B-1.9%+7.2%

Top export sectors

RankHS2SectorExportsShareExport partnersActive HS6
127Mineral fuels$26.2B47.4%9641
271Precious stones and metals$4.6B8.3%9049
309Coffee, tea and spices$3.5B6.4%13039
406Live plants and cut flowers$2.4B4.4%11116
508Edible fruit and nuts$2.0B3.6%10368
639Plastics$1.8B3.2%132128
785Electrical machinery$1.0B1.9%128261
833Essential oils and cosmetics$848.7M1.5%10829
976Aluminium$838.2M1.5%7735
1017Sugars and sugar confectionery$735.2M1.3%13217

Detailed HS4 export lines

RankHS4Parent HS2ExportsShareActive HS6
12709Mineral fuels (27)$14.6B26.4%1
22701Mineral fuels (27)$7.3B13.1%4
37108Precious stones and metals (71)$4.1B7.4%3
40901Coffee, tea and spices (09)$3.5B6.3%5
52710Mineral fuels (27)$2.5B4.6%5
60603Live plants and cut flowers (06)$2.3B4.2%7
70803Edible fruit and nuts (08)$1.3B2.4%2
82704Mineral fuels (27)$1.2B2.1%1
97610Aluminium (76)$606.4M1.1%2
103808Miscellaneous chemical products (38)$551.1M1%10
117202Iron and steel (72)$523.5M0.9%14
123004Pharmaceutical products (30)$439.8M0.8%11

Top export destinations

RankDestinationISO3ExportsShareYoYCAGR 3Y
1USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA$16.6B30%+8.1%+9.9%
2PanamaPAN$4.3B7.8%-8%+21.2%
3ChinaCHN$4.2B7.6%-4.3%-2.4%
4IndiaIND$3.0B5.4%+11.6%+6.9%
5MexicoMEX$2.2B4%+4.9%+19%
6BrazilBRA$2.0B3.7%-2.5%+0.1%
7EcuadorECU$2.0B3.6%-6.9%+3.6%
8PeruPER$1.3B2.4%+14%+6.1%
9NetherlandsNLD$1.3B2.4%-32.4%+13.1%
10Republic of KoreaKOR$1.3B2.3%+39.9%+26.9%

Destination risk context

RankDestinationAttentionAttention shareBelow peakApplied tariffPrimary reason
1USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands (USA)Critical attention51.9%33.2%1.8%Buyer-market concentration is the largest observed corridor exposure
2India (IND)Critical attention72.3%31.3%51.9%Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction
3Turkey (TUR)Critical attention99.2%61.3%9%Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction
4Israel (ISR)Critical attention65.2%60.1%6.8%Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction
5Chile (CHL)Critical attention68.8%42.1%8.8%Buyer-market concentration is the largest observed corridor exposure
6Netherlands (NLD)Critical attention46.8%47.6%1.1%Buyer-market concentration is the largest observed corridor exposure
7Japan (JPN)Critical attention98.4%40%2%Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction
8Poland (POL)Critical attention90.7%63.6%13.3%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
9Venezuela (VEN)Critical attention79.1%39.4%15.9%Buyer-market concentration is the largest observed corridor exposure
10Egypt (EGY)Critical attention98.9%59.1%33.7%Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction

Emerging corridor signals

RankDestinationHS6SignalMarket importsCurrent shareStrength
1Australia (AUS)841122new$39.9M0.5%100
2Antigua and Barbuda (ATG)850710new$1.0M13.5%100
3Argentina (ARG)320120new$457.2K39.6%100
4Argentina (ARG)293134new$421.4M0.1%100
5Australia (AUS)847431new$20.9M1.6%100
6Australia (AUS)841181new$136.5M1.7%100
7Australia (AUS)841311new$29.3M2.2%100
8Oman (OMN)760200new$10.7M1.5%100
9Mexico (MEX)950639new$412.2M0%100
10Netherlands (NLD)842122new$4.4M7%100

Market opportunity signals

RankMarketHS6Buyer importsAddressable 3-year valueCurrent shareSignal
1China (CHN)260111$111.0B$119.1B0%Stable (-2.6%)
2USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands (USA)270900$165.0B$109.5B3.2%Growing (+1.1%)
3China (CHN)270900$291.6B$94.5B0.9%Growing (-6.7%)
4China (CHN)854231$158.0B$93.1B0%Growing (+10.5%)
5India (IND)270900$130.1B$70.6B1.3%Accelerating (-0.5%)
6China (CHN)854232$80.6B$65.7B0%Slowing (+20.6%)
7China (CHN)710812$80.8B$64.9B0%Growing (+2.4%)
8China (CHN)854239$81.8B$61.4B0%Growing (+4%)

How to read this page

Separate reported scale from calculated context.

Reported exports, imports, trade balance, sector rows, destination rows, and annual history describe merchandise trade observations for the stated country and year.

CAGR, shares, concentration measures, tariff context, exposure shares, and momentum are calculated indicators built from the available observations. They help organize research but are not additional reported trade or forecasts.

Coverage runs from 1995 through 2024 for this profile. Missing values are shown as Not reported. Read the full methodology ↗

Reported observations

OECD BIMTS merchandise trade values are the primary series for this view.

Calculated indicators

Growth, share, HHI, tariff, and exposure fields are derived from available reported values.

Coverage limits

Unavailable values remain unavailable. No company sales, shipment records, or forecasts are implied.

Questions about this profile

Colombia export capability, in context

Short answers for readers comparing country export scale, partner breadth, and calculated trade indicators.

What does the Colombia export profile measure?

It combines reported exports, imports, history, destinations, HS2 sectors, partner context, and calculated indicators for Colombia.

What is the latest reported export value for Colombia?

Colombia recorded $55.3B in reported exports in 2024.

Which markets receive the most exports from Colombia?

USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands leads by reported export value at $16.6B in 2024. Five destination lanes are highlighted.

Which sectors lead Colombia's exports?

Mineral fuels leads by reported value at $26.2B. Five HS2 chapters are highlighted.

How many years of Colombia trade history are available?

This sample contains 30 observed annual rows covering 1995 through 2024. Missing observations are not estimated.

Are the growth and exposure values forecasts?

No. They are calculated or classified from reported observations, not forecasts or market-access guarantees.

Continue your research

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Compare countries, products, sectors, and routes using the available trade evidence and definitions.

Data source

OECD trade statistics with CEPII context

OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-28). OECD BIMTS is the primary trade series for this view. Supporting bilateral trade context uses CEPII BACI bilateral trade flows (202601) under Etalab 2.0 Open Licence. Yugalinks presents derived views of reported observations and calculated indicators. Data terms: OECD Terms & Conditions.