Country export capability

Ethiopia
export capability

A reported view of Ethiopia's export scale, destination network, sector breadth, trade history, and market-access context. Use the indicators together; no single measure describes export readiness on its own.

ETH1995-2024 coverage1,080 active partner marketsMacro trend resilient
Latest exports$4.0B2024 reported value
Latest imports$15.1B2024 reported value
Trade balance-$11.1BExports minus imports
Export growth+13.9%Latest year-on-year change
Active partners1,080Latest reported markets

Country export profile overview

Ethiopia export data in one research view

This profile brings together export performance, trade balance, destination markets, HS2 sectors, partner breadth, history, and market-access context for country export research.

Export scale and balance

Start with the latest reported trade position

In 2024, Ethiopia recorded $4.0B in exports and $15.1B in imports. The resulting -$11.1B trade balance gives the latest country-level position a clear context.

Exports changed +13.9% year on year and show a calculated -1.7% three-year CAGR. CAGR is an annualized comparison of reported values, not a forecast.

Markets and sectors

See where export value is concentrated

United Arab Emirates received $1.0B in reported exports, representing 25.9% of the latest country total. Coffee, tea and spices was the largest displayed HS2 export sector at $1.4B and 34.6% of exports.

The visible page highlights five leading destinations and five leading HS2 sectors, while the complete structured files retain every row supplied for this sample.

History and coverage

Read today's number against the long series

The country series covers 1995 through 2024, with 30 observed annual rows. That longer view helps separate a single-year movement from the broader export trend.

Partner counts, tariff context, concentration, exposure shares, and momentum are supporting indicators calculated from available trade observations. Missing values remain unavailable rather than estimated.

Economy and structure

The context around Ethiopia's export base

Macroeconomic and structural indicators add context to merchandise trade scale. They describe the country environment; they do not predict company performance or future exports.

GDP$149.7B2024 macro context
GDP per capita$1.1KCurrent-dollar GDP
Population132.1MReported population
Labor forceNot reportedReported labor force
Investment rateNot reportedNational investment rate
Savings rateNot reportedNational savings rate
Trade opennessNot reportedExports + imports / GDP
Exports / GDPNot reportedMerchandise exports / GDP
Secondary educationNot reportedEducation context
Tertiary educationNot reportedEducation context

Market signals

Where to look more closely next

Route-level risk and emerging-corridor signals for further research. These are calculated indicators, not forecasts.

Destination risk contextAll covered routes
Destination risk context for Ethiopia
DestinationAttentionAttention shareBelow peakApplied tariffPrimary reason
USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSAWatch43.7%19.1%2%Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction
United Arab EmiratesAREWatch3%3.3%5.2%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
JapanJPNHigh attention97.6%24.5%1.4%Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction
IndonesiaIDNCritical attention91.4%43.5%17.9%Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction
ChinaCHNHigh attention96%40.2%28.8%Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction
Saudi ArabiaSAUHigh attention83.4%4.2%9.9%Buyer-market concentration is the largest observed corridor exposure
Republic of KoreaKORHigh attention97.6%1.2%13.3%Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction
NetherlandsNLDHigh attention68.9%36.4%0.9%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
KenyaKENHigh attention96.9%0.8%11.5%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
SingaporeSGPHigh attention91.1%37.4%0.4%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure

Full route coverage is retained. High attention means the route deserves closer product and access review.

Market opportunity signals

Product-market combinations worth investigating

All returned rows use buyer demand, exporter position, and calculated addressable-value fields. They are research signals, not forecasts.

Addressable-value signalsAll returned rows
Market opportunity signals for Ethiopia
RankMarket and productBuyer importsAddressable 3-year valueCurrent shareDemand signal
1ChinaHS6 260111 · Iron ores and concentrates: non-agglomerated$111.0B$119.1B0%Declining -2.6%
2ChinaHS6 270900 · Oils: petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude$291.6B$98.7B0%Accelerating -6.7%
3ChinaHS6 854231 · Electronic integrated circuits: processors and controllers, whether or not combined with memories, converters, logic circuits, amplifiers, clock and timing circuits, or other circuits$158.0B$93.1B0%Accelerating +10.5%
4ChinaHS6 854232 · Electronic integrated circuits: memories$80.6B$65.7B0%Declining +20.6%
5ChinaHS6 120190 · Soya beans: other than seed, whether or not broken$47.8B$62.4B0%Growing -13.5%
6ChinaHS6 854239 · Electronic integrated circuits: n.e.c. in heading no. 8542$81.8B$61.4B0%Accelerating +4%
7USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsHS6 851712 · Telephones for cellular networks or for other wireless networks$53.9B$53.8B0%Declining -8.8%
8USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsHS6 847150 · Digital processing units: other than those of subheadings 8471.41 or 8471.49, whether or not containing in the same housing one or two of the following types of unit: storage units, input units or output units$53.9B$45.6B0%Growing +60.2%

Addressable value is a calculated field. Validate product, buyer, tariff, and route conditions before commercial decisions.

Detailed export portfolioHS4 lines beneath the leading sectorsOpen the detailed four-digit export table for Ethiopia.
All HS4 export lines2024 ranking
Top HS4 export lines for Ethiopia
RankHS4Parent HS2 sectorExportsShareActive HS6
10901HS4 detail codeCoffee, tea and spices (09) ↗$1.4B34.5%5
27108HS4 detail codePrecious stones and metals (71) ↗$953.3M24.1%3
31207HS4 detail codeOil seeds and oleaginous fruits (12) ↗$243.2M6.1%9
40603HS4 detail codeLive plants and cut flowers (06) ↗$195.6M4.9%7
50713HS4 detail codeVegetables (07) ↗$155.3M3.9%12
62716HS4 detail codeMineral fuels (27) ↗$100.2M2.5%1
79999HS4 detail codeHS2 sector 99 (99) ↗$86.6M2.2%1
88803HS4 detail codeAircraft (88) ↗$60.1M1.5%4
98411HS4 detail codeMachinery (84) ↗$51.9M1.3%7
106203HS4 detail codeNon-knitted clothing (62) ↗$42.5M1.1%14
111201HS4 detail codeOil seeds and oleaginous fruits (12) ↗$42.1M1.1%2
120204HS4 detail codeMeat and edible meat offal (02) ↗$40.1M1%9

HS4 values are reported observations. The hierarchy is preserved; no missing descriptions are inferred.

The country export read

Ethiopia combines $4.0B in exports with a broad partner network.

In 2024, Ethiopia recorded $4.0B in reported exports and $15.1B in imports, producing a reported trade deficit of $11.1B. Exports changed +13.9% year on year and -1.7% annualized over three years. Coffee, tea and spices (HS2 09) was the largest displayed export sector by value.

Destination network

Where Ethiopia exports move

All returned destination lanes ranked by latest reported export value. Share is calculated against the country total. Review sources ↗

Latest reported destination lanesAll returned · 2024
Leading export destinations for Ethiopia
RankDestinationLatest exportsShareYear-on-year3-year CAGR
1United Arab EmiratesARE$1.0B25.9%+211.9%+2.4%
2USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA$443.0M11.2%+1.2%-5.6%
3ChinaCHN$364.6M9.2%+11.9%+13.3%
4Saudi ArabiaSAU$355.8M9%+17.8%+14.9%
5GermanyDEU$235.2M5.9%+59.2%-0.4%
6NetherlandsNLD$129.2M3.3%-31.3%-9.4%
7Republic of KoreaKOR$117.3M3%+1.6%+13.5%
8JapanJPN$115.9M2.9%+5.8%+6.5%
9FranceFRA$109.1M2.8%+55%+17%
10ItalyITA$105.1M2.7%+37.3%+17.7%

Destination values are reported country-to-country observations. Full returned rows remain in the downloads.

Trade history

A long view of export scale

Latest twelve years from the 30-year reported country series. Context, not a forecast.

Reported exports by year

2013
$2.1B
2014
$2.6B
2015
$2.8B
2016
$2.6B
2017
$2.7B
2018
$2.2B
2019
$3.1B
2020
$3.3B
2021
$4.2B
2022
$4.2B
2023
$3.5B
2024
$4.0B

Partner network

Scale is only one part of export capability

Partner breadth, distance, agreements, and tariffs add context to reported exports.

FTA partner markets0Reported count
WTO partner markets676Reported count
EU partner markets112Reported count
Shared-border partners14Country context
Shared-language partners152Country context
Average partner distance7,135 kmCalculated average
Partners with FTA0%Calculated share
Applied tariff context0.1%Calculated average
MFN tariff context0.1%Calculated average
Tariff advantage+0.1 ppPreferential vs MFN

Exposure context

Signals to examine alongside export scale

Calculated or classified route and country context. Not predictions or recommendations.

Attention share43.3%

Covered value under attention

Critical share2%

Covered value marked critical

Below historical peak15.7%

Distance below route peaks

FTA-covered exports0%

Covered value with FTA context

Weighted tariff context0.1%

Export-weighted tariff

Macro contextMacro trend resilient

Primary attention driver: Market access exposure.

Momentum score9.2

History-based indicator

Partner concentration1,062.2

Partner HHI

Product concentration1,764.2

Product HHI

Country attention level: Watch. Missing fields remain unavailable.

Complete country valuesOpen the full profile evidenceFull history, sectors, HS4, destinations, risk, opportunities, and source fields.

Profile fields

Year2,024
Country Iso3ETH
Exports Usd$4.0B
Imports Usd$15.1B
Trade Balance Usd-$11.1B
Yoy Exports Growth Pct13.9%
Yoy Imports Growth Pct5.5%
Exports Cagr 3y Pct-1.7%
Imports Cagr 3y Pct7.3%
Export Partner Hhi1,062.2
Export Product Hhi1,764.2
Momentum Score9.2
Risk Score14.1
Gdp Million Usd149,740.3 million USD
Gdp Per Capita Usd$1.1K
Population132,059,767
Labor ForceNot reported
Investment Rate PctNot reported
Savings Rate PctNot reported
Secondary Education PctNot reported
Tertiary Education PctNot reported
Total Factor ProductivityNot reported
Trade Openness PctNot reported
Exports Gdp PctNot reported
Num Active Partners1,080
Num Fta Partners0
Num Wto Partners676
Num Eu Partners112
Num Shared Border Partners14
Num Shared Language Partners152
Avg Partner Distance Km7,135 km
Avg Partner Gdp Million Usd533,678,518.33 million USD
Avg Partner Gdp Per Capita Usd$15.8
Avg Buyer Biz Entry DaysNot reported
Avg Buyer Biz Entry Cost PctNot reported
Pct Partners With Fta0
Pct Partners Shared Language14
Pct Partners Shared Border1
Avg Applied Tariff Pct0.1%
Avg Mfn Tariff Pct0.1%
Avg Preferential Tariff Pct0%
Tariff Advantage Pp+0.1 pp
Avg Distance All Partners Km7,230
Num Border Partners168
Num Colonial Partners0
Avg Substitution Elasticity-8.5
Pct Products High Elasticity68
Pct Products Low Elasticity4
Real Market Potential58,369.2
Foreign Market Potential10,651.6

Exposure fields

Country Iso3ETH
All History Lane Count2,365
Current Lane Count714
Critical Lane Count5
High Attention Lane Count106
High Volatility Lane Count343
Unrecovered Drawdown Lane Count224
Declining Demand Lane Count2
Concentrated Market Lane Count277
Access Friction Lane Count173
Buyer Macro Weakness Lane Count34
Monitored Exports Current Usd$3.8B
Attention Exports Usd$1.6B
Critical Exports Usd$75.0M
High Volatility Exports Usd$1.9B
Unrecovered Drawdown Exports Usd$480.1M
Non Fta Exports Usd$3.8B
Monitored Attention Share Pct43.3%
Monitored Critical Share Pct2%
Fta Covered Exports Share Pct0%
Export Weighted Volatility Cv1.2
Export Weighted Below Peak Pct15.7%
Export Weighted Distance Km5,446 km
Export Weighted Tariff Pct0.1%
Latest Data Year2,024
First Data Year1,995
Country Years Count30
Total Exports Latest Usd$4.0B
Total Imports Latest Usd$15.1B
Trade Balance Latest Usd-$11.1B
Exports Yoy Latest Pct13.9%
Exports Cagr 3y Latest Pct-1.7%
Gdp Latest Million Usd149,740.3 million USD
Gdp Per Capita Latest Usd$1.1K
Population Latest132,059,767
Investment Rate Latest PctNot reported
Savings Rate Latest PctNot reported
Trade Openness Latest PctNot reported
Exports Gdp Latest PctNot reported
Active Partners Latest1,080
Fta Partners Latest0
Foreign Market Potential Latest10,651.6
Gdp 5y Cagr Pct10.3%
Gdp Per Capita 5y Cagr Pct7.4%
Population 5y Cagr Pct2.7%
Partner Hhi Latest1,062.2
Partner Top1 Share Latest Pct25.9%
Partner Top3 Share Latest Pct46.2%
Partner Hhi All Avg724.8
Partner Hhi All Max1,320.8
Product Hhi Latest1,764.2
Product Top1 Share Latest Pct33.3%
Product Top3 Share Latest Pct62.9%
Product Hhi All Avg1,627.8
Product Hhi All Max3,889.6
Total Exports Attention Share Pct41.3%
Total Exports Critical Share Pct1.9%
Attention LevelWatch
Primary Risk DriverMarket access exposure
Macro Resilience LabelMacro trend resilient

Annual country history

YearExportsImportsTrade balanceExports YoYExports CAGR 3Y
1995$509.2M$1.3B-$796.4MNot reportedNot reported
1996$504.6M$1.5B-$955.6M-0.9%Not reported
1997$596.6M$1.3B-$658.5M+18.2%Not reported
1998$593.4M$1.8B-$1.2B-0.5%+5.2%
1999$478.7M$1.4B-$970.5M-19.3%-1.7%
2000$522.7M$1.2B-$675.0M+9.2%-4.3%
2001$462.5M$1.4B-$918.1M-11.5%-8%
2002$510.2M$1.3B-$831.5M+10.3%+2.1%
2003$630.4M$1.9B-$1.3B+23.5%+6.4%
2004$668.7M$2.7B-$2.1B+6.1%+13.1%
2005$975.4M$4.0B-$3.0B+45.9%+24.1%
2006$1.1B$4.7B-$3.7B+11.3%+19.8%
2007$1.1B$4.9B-$3.8B-2.5%+16.5%
2008$1.3B$7.5B-$6.3B+20.3%+9.3%
2009$1.3B$6.5B-$5.1B+3.3%+6.6%
2010$1.5B$7.4B-$6.0B+10.4%+11.1%
2011$1.8B$8.2B-$6.4B+22.2%+11.7%
2012$2.1B$12.1B-$10.0B+20.1%+17.5%
2013$2.1B$10.8B-$8.7B-0.6%+13.4%
2014$2.6B$16.3B-$13.8B+21.1%+13.1%
2015$2.8B$15.2B-$12.4B+9%+9.5%
2016$2.6B$14.3B-$11.7B-6.8%+7.2%
2017$2.7B$12.0B-$9.3B+3.5%+1.7%
2018$2.2B$11.8B-$9.6B-17.5%-7.3%
2019$3.1B$14.9B-$11.8B+37.9%+5.6%
2020$3.3B$11.4B-$8.0B+7.9%+7.1%
2021$4.2B$12.2B-$8.0B+26.1%+23.4%
2022$4.2B$12.1B-$8.0B-0.3%+10.7%
2023$3.5B$14.3B-$10.8B-16.4%+1.7%
2024$4.0B$15.1B-$11.1B+13.9%-1.7%

Top export sectors

RankHS2SectorExportsShareExport partnersActive HS6
109Coffee, tea and spices$1.4B34.6%10739
271Precious stones and metals$961.6M24.3%4645
312Oil seeds and oleaginous fruits$307.3M7.8%6646
406Live plants and cut flowers$221.4M5.6%8116
507Vegetables$173.6M4.4%8064
661Knitted clothing$169.4M4.3%107106
762Non-knitted clothing$129.8M3.3%111112
827Mineral fuels$100.8M2.5%1136
999HS2 sector 99$86.6M2.2%361
1084Machinery$70.8M1.8%67513

Detailed HS4 export lines

RankHS4Parent HS2ExportsShareActive HS6
10901Coffee, tea and spices (09)$1.4B34.5%5
27108Precious stones and metals (71)$953.3M24.1%3
31207Oil seeds and oleaginous fruits (12)$243.2M6.1%9
40603Live plants and cut flowers (06)$195.6M4.9%7
50713Vegetables (07)$155.3M3.9%12
62716Mineral fuels (27)$100.2M2.5%1
79999HS2 sector 99 (99)$86.6M2.2%1
88803Aircraft (88)$60.1M1.5%4
98411Machinery (84)$51.9M1.3%7
106203Non-knitted clothing (62)$42.5M1.1%14
111201Oil seeds and oleaginous fruits (12)$42.1M1.1%2
120204Meat and edible meat offal (02)$40.1M1%9

Top export destinations

RankDestinationISO3ExportsShareYoYCAGR 3Y
1United Arab EmiratesARE$1.0B25.9%+211.9%+2.4%
2USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA$443.0M11.2%+1.2%-5.6%
3ChinaCHN$364.6M9.2%+11.9%+13.3%
4Saudi ArabiaSAU$355.8M9%+17.8%+14.9%
5GermanyDEU$235.2M5.9%+59.2%-0.4%
6NetherlandsNLD$129.2M3.3%-31.3%-9.4%
7Republic of KoreaKOR$117.3M3%+1.6%+13.5%
8JapanJPN$115.9M2.9%+5.8%+6.5%
9FranceFRA$109.1M2.8%+55%+17%
10ItalyITA$105.1M2.7%+37.3%+17.7%

Destination risk context

RankDestinationAttentionAttention shareBelow peakApplied tariffPrimary reason
1USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands (USA)Watch43.7%19.1%2%Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction
2United Arab Emirates (ARE)Watch3%3.3%5.2%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
3Japan (JPN)High attention97.6%24.5%1.4%Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction
4Indonesia (IDN)Critical attention91.4%43.5%17.9%Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction
5China (CHN)High attention96%40.2%28.8%Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction
6Saudi Arabia (SAU)High attention83.4%4.2%9.9%Buyer-market concentration is the largest observed corridor exposure
7Republic of Korea (KOR)High attention97.6%1.2%13.3%Tariff, distance or agreement conditions create market-access friction
8Netherlands (NLD)High attention68.9%36.4%0.9%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
9Kenya (KEN)High attention96.9%0.8%11.5%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure
10Singapore (SGP)High attention91.1%37.4%0.4%Volatile products account for the largest observed corridor exposure

Emerging corridor signals

RankDestinationHS6SignalMarket importsCurrent shareStrength
1Indonesia (IDN)390791new$53.0M4.3%100
2Benin (BEN)854370new$1.3M13%100
3United Kingdom (GBR)621133new$144.6M0.1%100
4Bulgaria (BGR)611030new$50.2M0.4%100
5Côte d\'Ivoire (CIV)040711new$29.7M0.8%100
6Austria (AUT)843141new$60.4M0.2%100
7France (FRA)999999new$106.5M0.2%100
8China (CHN)261100new$128.7M1%100
9United Kingdom (GBR)190120new$461.0M0.1%100
10Bulgaria (BGR)999999new$6.7M43%100

Market opportunity signals

RankMarketHS6Buyer importsAddressable 3-year valueCurrent shareSignal
1China (CHN)260111$111.0B$119.1B0%Declining (-2.6%)
2China (CHN)270900$291.6B$98.7B0%Accelerating (-6.7%)
3China (CHN)854231$158.0B$93.1B0%Accelerating (+10.5%)
4China (CHN)854232$80.6B$65.7B0%Declining (+20.6%)
5China (CHN)120190$47.8B$62.4B0%Growing (-13.5%)
6China (CHN)854239$81.8B$61.4B0%Accelerating (+4%)
7USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands (USA)851712$53.9B$53.8B0%Declining (-8.8%)
8USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands (USA)847150$53.9B$45.6B0%Growing (+60.2%)

How to read this page

Separate reported scale from calculated context.

Reported exports, imports, trade balance, sector rows, destination rows, and annual history describe merchandise trade observations for the stated country and year.

CAGR, shares, concentration measures, tariff context, exposure shares, and momentum are calculated indicators built from the available observations. They help organize research but are not additional reported trade or forecasts.

Coverage runs from 1995 through 2024 for this profile. Missing values are shown as Not reported. Read the full methodology ↗

Reported observations

OECD BIMTS merchandise trade values are the primary series for this view.

Calculated indicators

Growth, share, HHI, tariff, and exposure fields are derived from available reported values.

Coverage limits

Unavailable values remain unavailable. No company sales, shipment records, or forecasts are implied.

Questions about this profile

Ethiopia export capability, in context

Short answers for readers comparing country export scale, partner breadth, and calculated trade indicators.

What does the Ethiopia export profile measure?

It combines reported exports, imports, history, destinations, HS2 sectors, partner context, and calculated indicators for Ethiopia.

What is the latest reported export value for Ethiopia?

Ethiopia recorded $4.0B in reported exports in 2024.

Which markets receive the most exports from Ethiopia?

United Arab Emirates leads by reported export value at $1.0B in 2024. Five destination lanes are highlighted.

Which sectors lead Ethiopia's exports?

Coffee, tea and spices leads by reported value at $1.4B. Five HS2 chapters are highlighted.

How many years of Ethiopia trade history are available?

This sample contains 30 observed annual rows covering 1995 through 2024. Missing observations are not estimated.

Are the growth and exposure values forecasts?

No. They are calculated or classified from reported observations, not forecasts or market-access guarantees.

Continue your research

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Compare countries, products, sectors, and routes using the available trade evidence and definitions.

Data source

OECD trade statistics with CEPII context

OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-28). OECD BIMTS is the primary trade series for this view. Supporting bilateral trade context uses CEPII BACI bilateral trade flows (202601) under Etalab 2.0 Open Licence. Yugalinks presents derived views of reported observations and calculated indicators. Data terms: OECD Terms & Conditions.