Latest trade
$73.6BGlobal subsector valueHS4 subsector intelligence
Printing machinery
HS4 8443 trade overview
A focused view of this HS4 subsector: market scale, momentum, leading routes, countries, and the HS6 classifications inside it.
The numbers at a glanceLatest reported year · 2024
Annual change
-2%Latest year on yearExporters
197Active reporting countriesImporters
200Active reporting countriesHS6 products
13Classifications inside HS4The subsector read
$73.6B in trade, with -3.3% annualized growth over three years.
Printing machinery is recorded across 10,393 active corridors, with 197 exporters and 200 importers.
Annual trend
Subsector momentum over time
Reported global trade from 1995 to 2024. Read the methodology ↗
Top trade corridors
Where the subsector moves
Leading exporter-to-importer relationships by latest reported value. See data sources ↗
Latest reported relationshipsTop 10 by trade value
| Rank | Exporter | Importer | Trade value | Growth | HS6 | Distance | FTA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | JapanJPN | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA | $2.7B | -0.5% | 9 | 10,872 km | No |
| 2 | MalaysiaMYS | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA | $2.0B | -9% | 8 | 15,128 km | No |
| 3 | ChinaCHN | JapanJPN | $1.7B | -3.8% | 12 | 1,763 km | No |
| 4 | ChinaCHN | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA | $1.6B | -8.7% | 12 | 11,883 km | No |
| 5 | JapanJPN | ChinaCHN | $1.6B | -5.5% | 12 | 1,763 km | No |
| 6 | ThailandTHA | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA | $1.2B | +10.8% | 7 | 13,951 km | No |
| 7 | Viet NamVNM | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA | $1.2B | +9.8% | 8 | 14,306 km | No |
| 8 | ChinaCHN | GermanyDEU | $1.1B | -15.3% | 10 | 8,415 km | No |
| 9 | MexicoMEX | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA | $909.5M | +13.9% | 13 | 3,359 km | Yes |
| 10 | NetherlandsNLD | GermanyDEU | $826.1M | -17.6% | 12 | 579 km | Yes |
Market structure
Where supply and demand concentrate
Exporter and importer rankings show the two sides of the subsector separately. Check coverage ↗
| Rank | Country | Exports | Partners | HS6 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ChinaCHN | $15.8B | 199 | 13 |
| 2 | JapanJPN | $10.6B | 166 | 13 |
| 3 | GermanyDEU | $6.4B | 186 | 13 |
| 4 | Viet NamVNM | $5.0B | 145 | 13 |
| 5 | MalaysiaMYS | $4.8B | 158 | 13 |
| 6 | NetherlandsNLD | $4.1B | 177 | 13 |
| 7 | ThailandTHA | $4.1B | 151 | 13 |
| 8 | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA | $2.6B | 182 | 13 |
| 9 | SingaporeSGP | $2.4B | 146 | 13 |
| 10 | PhilippinesPHL | $2.1B | 141 | 13 |
| Rank | Country | Imports | Partners | HS6 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA | $13.0B | 117 | 13 |
| 2 | GermanyDEU | $5.9B | 131 | 13 |
| 3 | ChinaCHN | $5.2B | 109 | 13 |
| 4 | NetherlandsNLD | $4.6B | 121 | 13 |
| 5 | JapanJPN | $3.3B | 70 | 13 |
| 6 | FranceFRA | $2.6B | 133 | 13 |
| 7 | United KingdomGBR | $2.1B | 119 | 13 |
| 8 | SingaporeSGP | $2.0B | 89 | 13 |
| 9 | MexicoMEX | $1.9B | 106 | 13 |
| 10 | ItalyITA | $1.8B | 104 | 13 |
HS6 product coverage
The products inside HS4 8443
Six-digit classifications make the subsector specific. Browse the product workspace ↗
22 classifications shownPrinting machinery
Printing machinery: offset, reel fedHS6 844311
Printing machinery: offset, sheet-fed, office type (sheet size not exceeding 22 x 36cm in the unfolded state)HS6 844312
Printing machinery: offset, n.e.c. in item no. 8443.1HS6 844313
Printing machinery: letterpress, reel-fed, excluding flexographic printingHS6 844314
Printing machinery: letterpress, other than reel-fed, excluding flexographic printingHS6 844315
Printing machinery: flexographicHS6 844316
Printing machinery: gravureHS6 844317
Printing machinery: used for printing by means of plates, cylinders and other printing components of heading 84.42, n.e.c. in item no. 8443.1HS6 844319
Printing machinery: letterpress, reel fed, excluding flexographic printingHS6 844321
Printing machinery: letterpress, other than reel fed, excluding flexographic printingHS6 844329
Printing machinery: flexographicHS6 844330
Printing, copying, and facsimile machines: machines which perform two or more of the functions of printing, copying or facsimile transmission, capable of connecting to an automatic data processing machine or to a networkHS6 844331
Printing, copying, and facsimile machines: single-function printing, copying or facsimile machines, capable of connecting to an automatic data processing machine or to a networkHS6 844332
Printing, copying, and facsimile machines: single-function printing, copying or facsimile machines, not capable of connecting to an automatic data processing machine or to a networkHS6 844339
Printing machinery: gravureHS6 844340
Printing machinery: of a type n.e.s. in heading no. 8443HS6 844350
Printing machinery: (not letterpress, offset, flexographic or gravure), ink-jet printing machinesHS6 844351
Printing machinery: of a type n.e.s. in heading no. 8443, (eg other than letterpress, offset, flexographic, gravure or ink-jet printing machines)HS6 844359
Printing machinery: machines for uses ancillary to printingHS6 844360
Printing machinery: parts thereofHS6 844390
Printing machinery used for printing by means of plates, cylinders and other printing components of heading 8442: parts and accessoriesHS6 844391
Printing machinery: parts and accessories, n.e.c. in item no. 8443.91HS6 844399
Definitions and coverage
Read the numbers with context
Reported observations and calculated indicators should be read with their coverage period. Responsible AI principles ↗
Reported values
Trade values describe reported merchandise trade for the HS4 classification, not company-level sales or shipment records.
Calculated indicators
Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons are calculated from reported observations.
Missing data
Unavailable observations remain unavailable. They are not filled, interpolated, or presented as forecasts.
Coverage: 1995-2024 · Data refreshed 2026-07-20 09:34:09
Data source
OECD trade statistics with CEPII context
OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27). OECD BIMTS is the primary trade series for this view. Supporting bilateral trade context uses CEPII BACI bilateral trade flows (202601) under Etalab 2.0 Open Licence. Yugalinks presents derived views of reported observations and calculated indicators. Data terms: OECD Terms & Conditions.