Latest HS4 trade
$23.3BReported valueHS4 subsector corridor intelligence
Catalysts, supported
top trade corridors
HS4 3815 - leading exporter-to-importer routes
Explore reported routes for this HS4 subsector, ranked by latest trade value and paired with growth, market share, access, tariff, and distance context.
The route picture at a glanceHS4 3815 - reported trade
Corridors shown
25Leading routes by valueLeading route value
$1.9BLatest reported valueLeading route growth
+0.3%Calculated 3-year changeLatest reported year
20241995-2024 coverageThe HS4 corridor read
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia to Germany leads the reported HS4 3815 routes.
The leading route recorded $1.9B in 2024, with +0.3% calculated three-year growth. Across the HS4 subsector, latest reported trade was $23.3B, with -7.7% calculated three-year growth. Read the HS4 overview ↗
Leading route$1.9B8% of latest HS4 trade
Top HS4 corridors
Where Catalysts, supported trade moves
Observed exporter-to-importer relationships ranked by latest reported trade value. Growth, peak comparisons, and shares are calculated indicators; access fields provide context where available. Review data sources ↗
HS4 3815 exporter-to-importer relationshipsTop 25 by value
Scroll horizontally to compare all route fields.
| Rank | Exporter | Importer | Latest trade | 3-year CAGR | 5-year CAGR | 10-year CAGR | Market share | FTA / access | Applied tariff | MFN tariff | Preferential tariff | Tariff advantage | Distance | Historical peak | Latest below peak | Years | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The former Yugoslav Republic of MacedoniaMKD | GermanyDEU | $1.9B | +0.3% | +5.2% | +9% | 8% | FTA reported | 0% | 0% | 0% | +0 pp | 1,316 km | $2.4B2022 | 23.5% | 18 | Stable |
| 2 | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA | MexicoMEX | $1.1B | -13.6% | -1.3% | +4.5% | 4.7% | FTA reported | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0% | +0.1 pp | 3,359 km | $1.7B2021 | 35.6% | 30 | Rapid decline |
| 3 | PolandPOL | GermanyDEU | $932.1M | -3.5% | +21.4% | +64.3% | 4% | FTA reported | 0% | 0% | 0% | +0 pp | 518 km | $1.0B2021 | 10.2% | 30 | Declining |
| 4 | GermanyDEU | CzechiaCZE | $621.4M | +0.2% | +10.7% | +4.4% | 2.7% | FTA reported | 0% | 0% | 0% | +0 pp | 280 km | $848.4M2023 | 26.8% | 30 | Stable |
| 5 | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA | ChinaCHN | $620.8M | -7.4% | +4.8% | -0.6% | 2.7% | No FTA reported | 0.3% | 0.3% | Not reported | Not reported | 11,883 km | $815.2M2022 | 23.8% | 30 | Declining |
| 6 | CanadaCAN | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA | $603.0M | -8.7% | +21.2% | +7.8% | 2.6% | FTA reported | 0% | 0% | 0% | +0 pp | 556 km | $917.4M2022 | 34.3% | 30 | Declining |
| 7 | GermanyDEU | PolandPOL | $451.8M | +0.4% | +10.5% | +13.8% | 1.9% | FTA reported | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0% | +0 pp | 518 km | $485.3M2022 | 6.9% | 30 | Stable |
| 8 | SwedenSWE | GermanyDEU | $430.7M | +30.7% | +38.5% | +19.8% | 1.9% | FTA reported | 0% | 0% | 0% | +0 pp | 811 km | $430.7M2024 | 0% | 30 | Rapid growth |
| 9 | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA | Republic of KoreaKOR | $425.2M | +1.2% | -1.4% | +3.3% | 1.8% | FTA reported | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0% | +0.1 pp | 11,077 km | $456.2M2019 | 6.8% | 30 | Stable |
| 10 | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA | CanadaCAN | $391.0M | +4.4% | +0.9% | +3.7% | 1.7% | FTA reported | 0% | 0.1% | 0% | +0 pp | 556 km | $418.5M2023 | 6.6% | 30 | Growing |
| 11 | GermanyDEU | PortugalPRT | $365.0M | -18.3% | -5.5% | +4.1% | 1.6% | FTA reported | 0% | 0% | 0% | +0 pp | 2,316 km | $668.1M2021 | 45.4% | 30 | Rapid decline |
| 12 | CanadaCAN | MexicoMEX | $358.9M | +2% | +23.7% | +16.8% | 1.5% | FTA reported | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0% | +0.1 pp | 3,260 km | $538.6M2022 | 33.4% | 30 | Stable |
| 13 | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA | Saudi ArabiaSAU | $310.8M | +21.3% | -0.9% | +2% | 1.3% | No FTA reported | 0.1% | 0.1% | Not reported | Not reported | 10,532 km | $325.2M2019 | 4.4% | 30 | Rapid growth |
| 14 | GermanyDEU | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA | $307.5M | -5.2% | +2.3% | +1.5% | 1.3% | No FTA reported | 0% | 0% | Not reported | Not reported | 6,402 km | $380.4M2022 | 19.2% | 30 | Declining |
| 15 | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA | IndiaIND | $272.7M | +5.9% | +2.9% | +2.4% | 1.2% | No FTA reported | 0.5% | 0.5% | Not reported | Not reported | 11,771 km | $295.6M2015 | 7.7% | 30 | Growing |
| 16 | GermanyDEU | ChinaCHN | $255.9M | -2.9% | +6.1% | +5.2% | 1.1% | No FTA reported | 0.3% | 0.3% | Not reported | Not reported | 8,415 km | $279.6M2021 | 8.5% | 30 | Stable |
| 17 | JapanJPN | ThailandTHA | $243.0M | -33.1% | -9.4% | +0.1% | 1% | FTA reported | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0% | +0.3 pp | 4,604 km | $812.0M2021 | 70.1% | 30 | Rapid decline |
| 18 | JapanJPN | Republic of KoreaKOR | $231.4M | +2.7% | -2.2% | +3.1% | 1% | No FTA reported | 0.1% | 0.1% | Not reported | Not reported | 1,155 km | $259.7M2022 | 10.9% | 30 | Stable |
| 19 | JapanJPN | ChinaCHN | $228.7M | -12% | -2.2% | +1% | 1% | No FTA reported | 0.3% | 0.3% | Not reported | Not reported | 1,763 km | $374.4M2022 | 38.9% | 30 | Rapid decline |
| 20 | GermanyDEU | RomaniaROU | $216.3M | -18.2% | +20.8% | +31.7% | 0.9% | FTA reported | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0% | +0.1 pp | 1,297 km | $394.5M2021 | 45.2% | 30 | Rapid decline |
| 21 | ChinaCHN | RussiaRUS | $204.9M | +159.5% | +57.9% | +54.4% | 0.9% | No FTA reported | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% | +0 pp | 6,831 km | $204.9M2024 | 0% | 30 | Rapid growth |
| 22 | GermanyDEU | South AfricaZAF | $200.5M | +94.8% | +67.1% | +25.2% | 0.9% | FTA reported | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% | +0 pp | 8,837 km | $200.5M2024 | 0% | 25 | Rapid growth |
| 23 | ItalyITA | ChinaCHN | $185.2M | -2% | +9.9% | +12.8% | 0.8% | No FTA reported | 0.3% | 0.3% | Not reported | Not reported | 9,138 km | $322.2M2022 | 42.5% | 30 | Stable |
| 24 | PolandPOL | PortugalPRT | $183.5M | -23.7% | +24.1% | +149.5% | 0.8% | FTA reported | 0% | 0% | 0% | +0 pp | 2,765 km | $413.7M2021 | 55.6% | 19 | Rapid decline |
| 25 | MalaysiaMYS | ThailandTHA | $179.1M | +5.4% | +8.6% | +15.3% | 0.8% | FTA reported | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0% | +0.3 pp | 1,177 km | $224.8M2022 | 20.3% | 30 | Growing |
Movement to watch
Growth leaders for HS4 3815
The strongest available three-year growth rates are starting points for research, not forecasts. Compare the calculated rate with each route's reported value, share, and trend. Read the methodology ↗
01Growth leader
China to Russia
+159.5%calculated 3-year CAGR$204.9M latest value0.9% market shareRapid growth
02Growth leader
Germany to South Africa
+94.8%calculated 3-year CAGR$200.5M latest value0.9% market shareRapid growth
03Growth leader
Sweden to Germany
+30.7%calculated 3-year CAGR$430.7M latest value1.9% market shareRapid growth
04Growth leader
USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands to Saudi Arabia
+21.3%calculated 3-year CAGR$310.8M latest value1.3% market shareRapid growth
05Growth leader
USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands to India
+5.9%calculated 3-year CAGR$272.7M latest value1.2% market shareGrowing
Access and tariff context
Compare route access without over-reading one indicator
FTA status, applied tariffs, tariff advantage, and distance are supporting route context. Group averages are calculated from displayed routes and are not tariff recommendations. Check data coverage ↗
16 displayed routes with average calculated growth of +1.3%.
- Average applied tariff
- 0.1%
- Average tariff advantage
- +0.1 pp
9 displayed routes with average calculated growth of +17.8%.
- Average applied tariff
- 0.2%
- Average tariff advantage
- +0 pp
Lowest reported applied tariffFTA reported
Germany to Portugal
0%Routes with an available applied tariff. Latest route value: $365.0M.
Applied 0%Advantage +0 pp2,316 km
Largest reported tariff advantageFTA reported
Japan to Thailand
+0.3 ppRoutes with an available tariff advantage. Latest route value: $243.0M.
Applied 0.3%Advantage +0.3 pp4,604 km
HS4 indicators
Scale, momentum, and structure in one view
These cards pair reported trade observations with calculated indicators from the available HS4 history. See indicator definitions ↗
Combined reported value across the 25 routes shown.
Calculated annualized change in reported HS4 trade.
Calculated concentration indicators; higher values mean a more concentrated mix.
Calculated variation in annual reported HS4 trade.
Historical peak: $29.6B in 2021. Latest below peak: 21.4%.
30 observed years; 4,118 active corridors, 148 exporters, 199 importers, and 4 HS6 products.
How to read this view
Keep reported scale separate from calculated movement.
Latest trade values describe reported merchandise trade for HS4 3815. Growth, market share, HHI, volatility, and peak comparisons are calculated indicators over the stated coverage period.
FTA status, tariffs, and distance add route context where available. A missing value stays unavailable; it is not treated as zero or a forecast.
Data source
OECD trade statistics with CEPII context
OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-28). OECD BIMTS is the primary trade series for this view. Supporting bilateral trade context uses CEPII BACI bilateral trade flows (202601) under Etalab 2.0 Open Licence. Yugalinks presents derived views of reported observations and calculated indicators. Data terms: OECD Terms & Conditions.