Latest HS4 trade
$432.8MReported valueHS4 subsector corridor intelligence
Natural borates and concentrates thereof...
top trade corridors
HS4 2528 - leading exporter-to-importer routes
Explore reported routes for this HS4 subsector, ranked by latest trade value and paired with growth, market share, access, tariff, and distance context.
The route picture at a glanceHS4 2528 - reported trade
Corridors shown
25Leading routes by valueLeading route value
$114.6MLatest reported valueLeading route growth
+6.5%Calculated 3-year changeLatest reported year
20241995-2024 coverageThe HS4 corridor read
Turkey to China leads the reported HS4 2528 routes.
The leading route recorded $114.6M in 2024, with +6.5% calculated three-year growth. Across the HS4 subsector, latest reported trade was $432.8M, with +5.3% calculated three-year growth. Read the HS4 overview ↗
Leading route$114.6M26.5% of latest HS4 trade
Top HS4 corridors
Where Natural borates and concentrates thereof... trade moves
Observed exporter-to-importer relationships ranked by latest reported trade value. Growth, peak comparisons, and shares are calculated indicators; access fields provide context where available. Review data sources ↗
HS4 2528 exporter-to-importer relationshipsTop 25 by value
Scroll horizontally to compare all route fields.
| Rank | Exporter | Importer | Latest trade | 3-year CAGR | 5-year CAGR | 10-year CAGR | Market share | FTA / access | Applied tariff | MFN tariff | Preferential tariff | Tariff advantage | Distance | Historical peak | Latest below peak | Years | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | TurkeyTUR | ChinaCHN | $114.6M | +6.5% | +4.7% | -0.6% | 26.5% | No FTA reported | 0.3% | 0.3% | Not reported | Not reported | 8,004 km | $133.5M2018 | 14.1% | 28 | Growing |
| 2 | BoliviaBOL | BrazilBRA | $51.8M | +18.9% | +23.4% | +9.3% | 12% | FTA reported | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.2% | +0.1 pp | 2,379 km | $51.8M2024 | 0% | 30 | Rapid growth |
| 3 | TurkeyTUR | IndiaIND | $40.0M | +21.9% | +13.4% | +10.4% | 9.2% | No FTA reported | 0.5% | 0.5% | Not reported | Not reported | 4,559 km | $40.0M2024 | 0% | 30 | Rapid growth |
| 4 | ArgentinaARG | BrazilBRA | $26.4M | +7.6% | +13.4% | +5% | 6.1% | FTA reported | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.2% | +0.1 pp | 1,675 km | $28.0M2023 | 6% | 30 | Growing |
| 5 | TurkeyTUR | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA | $15.1M | +7.2% | -4.5% | -6.7% | 3.5% | No FTA reported | 0% | 0% | 0% | +0 pp | 8,087 km | $30.1M2014 | 49.9% | 30 | Growing |
| 6 | BoliviaBOL | PeruPER | $11.2M | +149.5% | +46.4% | +19.4% | 2.6% | FTA reported | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0% | +0.1 pp | 1,077 km | $11.2M2024 | 0% | 27 | Rapid growth |
| 7 | TurkeyTUR | TaiwanTWN | $9.7M | -11.7% | -4.8% | -6.6% | 2.2% | No FTA reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | 8,430 km | $20.0M2012 | 51.4% | 29 | Rapid decline |
| 8 | ChileCHL | BrazilBRA | $9.0M | +8.2% | +18.6% | +5.3% | 2.1% | FTA reported | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.2% | +0.1 pp | 2,586 km | $11.6M2012 | 22.4% | 30 | Growing |
| 9 | BoliviaBOL | ChinaCHN | $8.5M | -7.6% | -3.5% | -0.8% | 2% | No FTA reported | 0.3% | 0.3% | Not reported | Not reported | 18,112 km | $10.8M2017 | 21.5% | 20 | Declining |
| 10 | BoliviaBOL | IndonesiaIDN | $6.9M | +2.4% | +34.5% | +62.5% | 1.6% | No FTA reported | 0.2% | 0.2% | Not reported | Not reported | 17,434 km | $7.0M2022 | 1.1% | 10 | Stable |
| 11 | TurkeyTUR | NetherlandsNLD | $6.8M | +9.8% | +5.3% | +7.7% | 1.6% | FTA reported | 0% | 0.1% | 0% | +0.1 pp | 2,215 km | $7.7M1999 | 12.7% | 23 | Growing |
| 12 | BoliviaBOL | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA | $6.7M | -11.3% | +9.3% | +7.6% | 1.5% | No FTA reported | 0% | 0% | 0% | +0 pp | 6,363 km | $9.5M2021 | 30.1% | 25 | Rapid decline |
| 13 | TurkeyTUR | BrazilBRA | $6.1M | +25.8% | +12.6% | +17.3% | 1.4% | No FTA reported | 0.3% | 0.3% | Not reported | Not reported | 10,569 km | $6.1M2024 | 0% | 17 | Rapid growth |
| 14 | TurkeyTUR | CzechiaCZE | $5.8M | -6.8% | +2.7% | +41.4% | 1.3% | FTA reported | 0.1% | 0.1% | Not reported | Not reported | 1,513 km | $7.2M2021 | 19% | 27 | Declining |
| 15 | TurkeyTUR | JapanJPN | $5.5M | -3.7% | -2.2% | -5% | 1.3% | No FTA reported | 0% | 0% | 0% | +0 pp | 8,967 km | $16.3M1995 | 66.4% | 30 | Declining |
| 16 | TurkeyTUR | SpainESP | $5.3M | -16.6% | -10.8% | -7% | 1.2% | FTA reported | 0% | 0.1% | 0% | +0.1 pp | 2,744 km | $12.1M1995 | 56.6% | 30 | Rapid decline |
| 17 | TurkeyTUR | RussiaRUS | $5.2M | -9% | -6% | -0.2% | 1.2% | No FTA reported | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% | +0 pp | 1,757 km | $13.3M2023 | 61.1% | 27 | Declining |
| 18 | TurkeyTUR | MalaysiaMYS | $4.5M | -19.8% | -4% | -3.5% | 1% | No FTA reported | 0.1% | 0.1% | Not reported | Not reported | 8,337 km | $19.7M2022 | 77.2% | 28 | Rapid decline |
| 19 | TurkeyTUR | SlovakiaSVK | $4.5M | -2.8% | +0.9% | +8.8% | 1% | FTA reported | 0% | 0.1% | 0% | +0 pp | 1,228 km | $6.2M2006 | 27.6% | 23 | Stable |
| 20 | NetherlandsNLD | BelgiumBEL | $4.3M | +3.1% | +5.3% | +12.5% | 1% | FTA reported | 0% | 0% | 0% | +0 pp | 174 km | $4.3M2024 | 0% | 25 | Growing |
| 21 | BoliviaBOL | IndiaIND | $3.9M | -7.8% | +24.1% | +18.4% | 0.9% | No FTA reported | 0.5% | 0.5% | 0.1% | +0.4 pp | 16,238 km | $5.0M2021 | 21.6% | 25 | Declining |
| 22 | TurkeyTUR | Republic of KoreaKOR | $3.7M | -4.4% | +6.9% | +2.1% | 0.9% | FTA reported | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.4% | -0.2 pp | 7,974 km | $6.1M2022 | 39.6% | 25 | Declining |
| 23 | BoliviaBOL | ChileCHL | $3.6M | +264.9% | +101.5% | +22.3% | 0.8% | No FTA reported | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0% | +0.1 pp | 1,895 km | $3.6M2024 | 0% | 28 | Rapid growth |
| 24 | TurkeyTUR | MexicoMEX | $3.5M | +6.5% | +2.5% | +5.1% | 0.8% | No FTA reported | 0.1% | 0.1% | Not reported | Not reported | 11,444 km | $3.5M2024 | 0% | 28 | Growing |
| 25 | TurkeyTUR | EgyptEGY | $3.0M | -4.6% | -0.4% | -1.1% | 0.7% | FTA reported | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.1% | +0.2 pp | 1,235 km | $3.9M2022 | 22.6% | 15 | Declining |
Movement to watch
Growth leaders for HS4 2528
The strongest available three-year growth rates are starting points for research, not forecasts. Compare the calculated rate with each route's reported value, share, and trend. Read the methodology ↗
01Growth leader
Bolivia to Chile
+264.9%calculated 3-year CAGR$3.6M latest value0.8% market shareRapid growth
02Growth leader
Bolivia to Peru
+149.5%calculated 3-year CAGR$11.2M latest value2.6% market shareRapid growth
03Growth leader
Turkey to Brazil
+25.8%calculated 3-year CAGR$6.1M latest value1.4% market shareRapid growth
04Growth leader
Turkey to India
+21.9%calculated 3-year CAGR$40.0M latest value9.2% market shareRapid growth
05Growth leader
Bolivia to Brazil
+18.9%calculated 3-year CAGR$51.8M latest value12% market shareRapid growth
Access and tariff context
Compare route access without over-reading one indicator
FTA status, applied tariffs, tariff advantage, and distance are supporting route context. Group averages are calculated from displayed routes and are not tariff recommendations. Check data coverage ↗
11 displayed routes with average calculated growth of +14.7%.
- Average applied tariff
- 0.1%
- Average tariff advantage
- +0.1 pp
14 displayed routes with average calculated growth of +18.9%.
- Average applied tariff
- 0.2%
- Average tariff advantage
- +0.1 pp
Lowest reported applied tariffFTA reported
Netherlands to Belgium
0%Routes with an available applied tariff. Latest route value: $4.3M.
Applied 0%Advantage +0 pp174 km
Largest reported tariff advantageNo FTA reported
Bolivia to India
+0.4 ppRoutes with an available tariff advantage. Latest route value: $3.9M.
Applied 0.5%Advantage +0.4 pp16,238 km
HS4 indicators
Scale, momentum, and structure in one view
These cards pair reported trade observations with calculated indicators from the available HS4 history. See indicator definitions ↗
Combined reported value across the 25 routes shown.
Calculated annualized change in reported HS4 trade.
Calculated concentration indicators; higher values mean a more concentrated mix.
Calculated variation in annual reported HS4 trade.
Historical peak: $432.8M in 2024. Latest below peak: 0%.
30 observed years; 592 active corridors, 84 exporters, 135 importers, and 1 HS6 products.
How to read this view
Keep reported scale separate from calculated movement.
Latest trade values describe reported merchandise trade for HS4 2528. Growth, market share, HHI, volatility, and peak comparisons are calculated indicators over the stated coverage period.
FTA status, tariffs, and distance add route context where available. A missing value stays unavailable; it is not treated as zero or a forecast.
Data source
OECD trade statistics with CEPII context
OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-28). OECD BIMTS is the primary trade series for this view. Supporting bilateral trade context uses CEPII BACI bilateral trade flows (202601) under Etalab 2.0 Open Licence. Yugalinks presents derived views of reported observations and calculated indicators. Data terms: OECD Terms & Conditions.