Latest trade
$9.3BGlobal subsector valueHS4 subsector intelligence
Seed
HS4 1209 trade overview
A focused view of this HS4 subsector: market scale, momentum, leading routes, countries, and the HS6 classifications inside it.
The numbers at a glanceLatest reported year · 2024
Annual change
+1.3%Latest year on yearExporters
181Active reporting countriesImporters
199Active reporting countriesHS6 products
10Classifications inside HS4The subsector read
$9.3B in trade, with +2% annualized growth over three years.
Seed is recorded across 6,432 active corridors, with 181 exporters and 199 importers.
Annual trend
Subsector momentum over time
Reported global trade from 1995 to 2024. Read the methodology ↗
Top trade corridors
Where the subsector moves
Leading exporter-to-importer relationships by latest reported value. See data sources ↗
Latest reported relationshipsTop 10 by trade value
| Rank | Exporter | Importer | Trade value | Growth | HS6 | Distance | FTA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA | MexicoMEX | $280.0M | +9% | 10 | 3,359 km | Yes |
| 2 | NetherlandsNLD | SpainESP | $239.5M | +0.4% | 9 | 1,482 km | Yes |
| 3 | NetherlandsNLD | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA | $176.2M | -4.3% | 7 | 5,877 km | No |
| 4 | NetherlandsNLD | FranceFRA | $163.4M | +1.3% | 10 | 431 km | Yes |
| 5 | NetherlandsNLD | GermanyDEU | $152.5M | -4.6% | 10 | 579 km | Yes |
| 6 | NetherlandsNLD | ItalyITA | $151.7M | +4.3% | 10 | 1,298 km | Yes |
| 7 | NetherlandsNLD | MexicoMEX | $132.4M | +2.1% | 10 | 9,230 km | Yes |
| 8 | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA | CanadaCAN | $120.1M | -7.7% | 10 | 556 km | Yes |
| 9 | GermanyDEU | FranceFRA | $113.4M | -3% | 10 | 881 km | Yes |
| 10 | FranceFRA | SpainESP | $107.6M | +2.1% | 10 | 1,053 km | Yes |
Market structure
Where supply and demand concentrate
Exporter and importer rankings show the two sides of the subsector separately. Check coverage ↗
| Rank | Country | Exports | Partners | HS6 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | NetherlandsNLD | $2.0B | 164 | 10 |
| 2 | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA | $971.4M | 164 | 10 |
| 3 | GermanyDEU | $850.7M | 116 | 10 |
| 4 | FranceFRA | $816.2M | 164 | 10 |
| 5 | ItalyITA | $421.9M | 155 | 10 |
| 6 | DenmarkDNK | $398.8M | 116 | 10 |
| 7 | ChinaCHN | $291.1M | 154 | 10 |
| 8 | ChileCHL | $284.3M | 116 | 10 |
| 9 | IndiaIND | $235.6M | 150 | 10 |
| 10 | ThailandTHA | $223.7M | 155 | 10 |
| Rank | Country | Imports | Partners | HS6 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | MexicoMEX | $670.9M | 31 | 10 |
| 2 | NetherlandsNLD | $656.5M | 112 | 10 |
| 3 | USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA | $578.3M | 93 | 10 |
| 4 | GermanyDEU | $558.1M | 102 | 10 |
| 5 | FranceFRA | $552.1M | 101 | 10 |
| 6 | SpainESP | $487.9M | 72 | 10 |
| 7 | ItalyITA | $446.1M | 72 | 10 |
| 8 | ChinaCHN | $394.8M | 66 | 10 |
| 9 | CanadaCAN | $301.2M | 116 | 10 |
| 10 | RussiaRUS | $222.8M | 30 | 10 |
HS6 product coverage
The products inside HS4 1209
Six-digit classifications make the subsector specific. Browse the product workspace ↗
13 classifications shownSeed
Seed: sugar beet seed, of a kind used for sowingHS6 120910
Seed: sugar beet seed, of a kind used for sowingHS6 120911
Seed: beet seed, (excluding sugar beet), of a kind used for sowingHS6 120919
Seed: lucerne (alfalfa) seed, of a kind used for sowingHS6 120921
Seeds of forage plants: clover (Trifolium spp.) seeds, of a kind used for sowingHS6 120922
Seeds of forage plants: fescue seeds, of a kind used for sowingHS6 120923
Seed: kentucky blue grass (poa pratensis l.) seed, of a kind used for sowingHS6 120924
Seeds of forage plants: rye grass (Lolium multiflorum Lam., Lolium perenne L.) seeds, of a kind used for sowingHS6 120925
Seed: timothy grass seed, of a kind used for sowingHS6 120926
Seeds of forage plants: other than lucerne, clover, fescue, Kentucky blue grass, and rye grass seeds, of a kind used for sowingHS6 120929
Seed: of herbaceous plants cultivated principally for their flowers, of a kind used for sowingHS6 120930
Seed: vegetable seed, of a kind used for sowingHS6 120991
Seeds: n.e.c. in heading 1209, of a kind used for sowingHS6 120999
Definitions and coverage
Read the numbers with context
Reported observations and calculated indicators should be read with their coverage period. Responsible AI principles ↗
Reported values
Trade values describe reported merchandise trade for the HS4 classification, not company-level sales or shipment records.
Calculated indicators
Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons are calculated from reported observations.
Missing data
Unavailable observations remain unavailable. They are not filled, interpolated, or presented as forecasts.
Coverage: 1995-2024 · Data refreshed 2026-07-20 09:34:09
Data source
OECD trade statistics with CEPII context
OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27). OECD BIMTS is the primary trade series for this view. Supporting bilateral trade context uses CEPII BACI bilateral trade flows (202601) under Etalab 2.0 Open Licence. Yugalinks presents derived views of reported observations and calculated indicators. Data terms: OECD Terms & Conditions.