HS2 sector intelligence

Raw hides and skins
sector trade overview

A clear view of the raw hides and skins economy: scale, momentum, market concentration, leading routes, and the products within it.

HS2 411995–2024 coverageDeclining

Explore the workspace Reported trade intelligence
Refreshed 2026-07-20

The numbers at a glanceLatest reported year · 2024

Latest trade

$16.5BGlobal sector value

Annual change

-4.6%Latest year on year

Exporters

175Active reporting countries

Importers

190Active reporting countries

HS6 products

37Classifications in sector

The sector read

$16.5B in trade, with -4.3% annualized growth over three years.

Raw hides and skins is recorded across 5,178 active corridors, with 175 exporters and 190 importers in the latest available year.

Market signalDeclining-3.5% five-year CAGR

Annual trend

Momentum across three decades

Reported global trade from 1995 to 2024. Missing years remain unavailable rather than estimated. Read the methodology ↗

Reported global trade by year.

Top trade corridors

Where this sector moves

The leading exporter-to-importer relationships by latest reported sector trade value. See data sources ↗

Latest reported relationshipsTop 10 by trade value

Rank	Exporter	Importer	Trade value	Growth	HS6	Distance	FTA
1	ChinaCHN	Viet NamVNM	$585.8M	+8.9%	28	2,732 km	Yes
2	USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA	ChinaCHN	$515.8M	-9.4%	27	11,883 km	No
3	BrazilBRA	ChinaCHN	$418.6M	-3.2%	17	18,570 km	No
4	ItalyITA	FranceFRA	$329.3M	+5.6%	33	1,106 km	Yes
5	AustraliaAUS	ChinaCHN	$328.7M	-0.9%	20	8,024 km	Yes
6	FranceFRA	ItalyITA	$301.2M	+1.6%	33	1,106 km	Yes
7	ItalyITA	ChinaCHN	$249.7M	-9.3%	31	9,138 km	No
8	ItalyITA	SpainESP	$245.1M	+8.7%	34	1,366 km	Yes
9	ThailandTHA	Viet NamVNM	$228.0M	+8.8%	20	745 km	Yes
10	ItalyITA	Viet NamVNM	$202.6M	-5.8%	27	9,564 km	Yes

Market structure

Where supply and demand concentrate

Exporter and importer rankings are separated so scale on one side of the market is not mistaken for demand on the other. Check coverage ↗

Top exporters2024 ranking

Rank	Country	Exports	Partners	HS6
1	ItalyITA	$3.1B	128	37
2	USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA	$1.4B	129	37
3	BrazilBRA	$1.3B	91	37
4	ChinaCHN	$1.3B	153	37
5	ThailandTHA	$698.8M	85	37
6	SpainESP	$596.7M	108	37
7	GermanyDEU	$572.6M	117	37
8	FranceFRA	$502.4M	109	37
9	Viet NamVNM	$489.2M	59	37
10	AustraliaAUS	$470.7M	69	35

Top importers2024 ranking

Rank	Country	Imports	Partners	HS6
1	ChinaCHN	$2.8B	111	37
2	ItalyITA	$1.9B	114	37
3	Viet NamVNM	$1.9B	67	37
4	FranceFRA	$829.1M	98	37
5	IndonesiaIDN	$621.6M	91	36
6	USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin IslandsUSA	$562.3M	94	37
7	MexicoMEX	$515.9M	59	36
8	GermanyDEU	$506.1M	96	37
9	ThailandTHA	$485.3M	86	37
10	SpainESP	$475.4M	93	37

HS6 product coverage

The classifications inside this sector

Explore the six-digit product classifications that make up HS2 41.

66 classifications shownBrowse the product workspace ↗

Hides and skins: raw, whole, of bovine animals, weight per skin not exceeding 8kg when simply dried, 10kg when dry-salted or 14kg when fresh, wet-salted or otherwise preservedHS6 410110

Hides and skins: raw, whole, of bovine or equine animals, of a weight per skin not exceeding 8kg when simply dried, 10kg when dry-salted or 14kg when fresh, wet-salted or otherwise preservedHS6 410120

Hides and skins: raw, whole, of bovine animals, fresh or wet-salted, weight per skin exceeding 14kgHS6 410121

Hides and skins: raw, of bovine animals, fresh or wet-salted, butts and bendsHS6 410122

Hides and skins: raw, of bovine animals, fresh or wet-salted, other than whole, but not butts or bendsHS6 410129

Hides and skins: raw, of bovine animals, preserved in ways n.e.s. in heading no. 4101HS6 410130

Hides and skins: raw, of equine animals, fresh or salted, dried, limed, pickled or otherwise preserved (excluding tanned, parchment-dressed or further prepared), whether or not dehaired or splitHS6 410140

Hides and skins: raw, whole, of bovine or equine animals, of a weight per skin exceeding 16 kgHS6 410150

Hides and skins: other than whole, but including butts, bends and bellies, of bovine (including. buffalo) and equine animals, fresh, salted or preserved, but not tanned, parchment dressed or further prepared, whether or not dehaired or splitHS6 410190

Skins: raw, of sheep or lambs, fresh, or salted, dried, limed, pickled or otherwise preserved, (but not tanned, parchment-dressed or further prepared), with wool onHS6 410210

Skins: raw, of sheep or lambs, pickled (but not tanned, parchment-dressed or further preserved), without wool onHS6 410221

Hides and skins: raw, of animals n.e.c. in this chapter, fresh, salted, dried, limed, pickled or otherwise preserved, (but not tanned, parchment-dressed or further prepared), whether or not dehaired or splitHS6 410229

Hides and skins: raw, of goats or kids (fresh or salted, dried, limed, pickled or otherwise preserved, but not tanned, parchment-dressed or further prepared), whether or not dehaired or splitHS6 410310

Hides and skins: raw, of reptiles (fresh or salted, dried, limed, pickled or otherwise preserved, but not tanned, parchment-dressed or further prepared), whether or not dehaired or splitHS6 410320

Hides and skins: raw, of swine, (fresh or salted, dried, limed, pickled or otherwise preserved, but not tanned, parchment-dressed or further prepared), whether or not dehaired or splitHS6 410330

Leather: whole bovine skin, without hair on, of a unit surface area not exceeding 28 square feet (2.6m2), excluding leather of heading no. 4108 and 4109HS6 410410

Tanned or crust hides and skins: without hair on, bovine or equine, in the wet state (including wet blue), full grains, unsplit: grain splitsHS6 410411

Tanned or crust hides and skins: bovine or equine, without hair on, in the wet state (including wet blue), excluding full grains, unsplit: grain splitsHS6 410419

Leather: bovine, without hair on, vegetable pre-tanned, (but not further prepared), whether or not split, excluding leather of heading no. 4108 and 4109HS6 410421

Leather: bovine, without hair on, pre-tanned, (not vegetable pre-tanned), but not further prepared, whether or not split, excluding leather of heading no. 4108 and 4109HS6 410422

Leather: bovine and equine n.e.s. in heading no. 4104, without hair on, tanned or retanned but not further prepared, whether or not split, excluding leather of heading no. 4108 and 4109HS6 410429

Leather: bovine and equine, without hair on, parchment-dressed or prepared after tanning, full grains and grain splits, excluding leather of heading no. 4108 and 4109HS6 410431

Leather: bovine and equine, without hair on,( excluding full grains and grain splits), parchment-dressed or prepared after tanning excluding leather of heading no. 4108 and 4109HS6 410439

Tanned or crust hides and skins: bovine or equine, without hair on, in the dry state (crust), full grains, unsplit: grain splitsHS6 410441

Tanned or crust hides and skins: bovine or equine, without hair on, in the dry state (crust), (other than full grains, unsplit: grain splits)HS6 410449

Tanned or crust skins of sheep and lambs, without wool on, whether or not split, but not further prepared, in the wet state ( including wet blue)HS6 410510

Leather: of sheep or lamb, without wool on, tanned or retanned (but not further prepared), vegetable pre-tanned, whether or not split, excluding leather of heading no. 4108 and 4109HS6 410511

Leather: of sheep or lamb, without wool on, tanned or retanned (but not further prepared), pre-tanned (not vegetable pre-tanned), whether or not split, excluding leather of heading no. 4108 and 4109HS6 410512

Leather: of sheep or lamb, without wool on, tanned or retanned (but not further prepared), whether or not split, n.e.s. in heading no. 4105 (not pre-tanned), excluding leather of heading no. 4108 and 4109HS6 410519

Leather: of sheep or lamb, without wool on, parchment-dressed or prepared after tanning, excluding leather of heading no. 4108 and 4109HS6 410520

Tanned or crust skins: of sheep or lambs, without wool on, whether or not split, but not further prepared, in the dry state (crust)HS6 410530

Leather: goat or kid skin, without hair on, vegetable pre-tanned but not further prepared, whether or not split, excluding leather of heading no. 4108 and 4109HS6 410611

Leather: goat or kid skin, without hair on, pre-tanned (not vegetable pre-tanned) not further prepared, whether or not split, excluding leather of heading no. 4108 and 4109HS6 410612

Leather: goat or kid skin, without hair on, tanned or retanned but not further prepared, whether or not split, n.e.s. in heading no. 4106 (not pre-tanned), excluding leather of heading no. 4108 and 4109HS6 410619

Leather: goat or kid skin, without hair on, parchment-dressed or prepared after tanning excluding leather of heading no. 4108 and 4109HS6 410620

Tanned or crust hides and skins: of goats or kids, without wool or hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared, in the wet state (including wet-blue)HS6 410621

Tanned or crust hides and skins: of goats or kids, without hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared, in the dry state (crust)HS6 410622

Tanned or crust hides and skins: of swine, without hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared, in the wet state (including wet blue)HS6 410631

Tanned or crust hides and skins: of swine, without hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared, in the dry state (crust)HS6 410632

Tanned or crust hides and skins: of reptiles, whether or not split, but not further preparedHS6 410640

Tanned or crust hides and skins: of animals other than equine, ovine, bovine, goats or kids, swine and reptiles, without wool or hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared, in the wet state (including wet blue)HS6 410691

Leather: of swine, without hair on, excluding leather of heading no. 4108 or 4109HS6 410710

Leather: further prepared after tanning or crusting, including parchment-dressed leather, of bovine (including buffalo) or equine animals, without hair on, other than leather of heading 41.14, whole hides and skins, full grain, unsplitHS6 410711

Leather: further prepared after tanning or crusting, including parchment-dressed, of bovine (including buffalo) or equine animals, without hair on, split or not, other than leather of heading 41.14, (other than grain splits and full grains, unsplit)HS6 410719

Leather: of reptiles, without hair on, vegetable pre-tanned, excluding leather of heading no. 4108 or 4109HS6 410721

Leather: of reptiles, without hair on, other than vegetable pre-tanned, excluding leather of heading no. 4108 or 4109HS6 410729

Leather: of animals n.e.s. in chapter 41, without hair on, excluding leather of heading no. 4108 or 4109HS6 410790

Leather: further prepared after tanning or crusting, including parchment-dressed, of bovine (including buffalo) or equine animals, without hair on, other than leather of heading 41.14, not whole hides and skins, but including sides, full grain, unsplitHS6 410791

Leather: further prepared after tanning or crusting, incl. parchment-dressed, of bovine (including buffalo) or equine animals, no hair, excluding leather of heading 41.14, and whole hides and skins, and sides, (full grains, unsplit and grain splits)HS6 410799

Leather: chamois (including combination chamois) leatherHS6 410800

Leather: patent and patent laminated leather, metallised leatherHS6 410900

Leather or composition leather: parings and other waste (not suitable for the manufacture of leather articles), leather dust, powder and flourHS6 411000

Leather: composition leather, with a basis of leather or leather fibres, in slabs, sheets or strip, whether or not in rollsHS6 411100

Leather: further prepared after tanning or crusting, including parchment dressed leather, of sheep or lamb, without wool on, whether or not split, other than leather of heading 41.14HS6 411200

Leather: further prepared after tanning or crusting, including parchment-dressed leather, without hair on, whether or not split, other than leather of heading 41.14, of goats and kidsHS6 411310

Leather: further prepared after tanning or crusting, including parchment-dressed leather, without hair on, whether or not split, other than leather of heading 41.14, of swineHS6 411320

Leather: further prepared after tanning or crusting, including parchment-dressed leather, of reptiles, whether or not split, other than leather of heading 41.14HS6 411330

Leather: further prepared after tanning or crusting, including parchment-dressed leather, of animals (other than sheep and lambs, goats and kids, swine and reptiles), without wool or hair on, whether or not split, other than leather of heading 41.14HS6 411390

Leather: chamois (including combination chamois)HS6 411410

Leather: patent leather and laminated patent leather: metallised leatherHS6 411420

Leather: composition leather with a basis of leather or leather fibre, in slabs, sheets or strip, whether or not in rollsHS6 411510

Leather: parings and other waste, of leather or composition leather: not suitable for the manufacture of leather articles: leather dust, powder and flourHS6 411520

Definitions and coverage

Read the numbers with context

Clear definitions keep reported observations and calculated indicators in their proper context. Read our Responsible AI principles ↗

Reported values

Trade values describe reported merchandise trade for the HS2 classification. They are not company-level sales, retail quotes, or shipment records.

Calculated indicators

Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons are calculated from reported observations and should be read with their coverage period.

Missing data

A missing observation remains unavailable. It is not filled, interpolated, or presented as a forecast.

Coverage: 1995–2024 · Data refreshed 2026-07-20 09:34:08

Data source

OECD trade statistics with CEPII context

OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27). OECD BIMTS is the primary trade series for this view. Supporting bilateral trade context uses CEPII BACI bilateral trade flows (202601) under Etalab 2.0 Open Licence. Yugalinks presents derived views of reported observations and calculated indicators. Data terms: OECD Terms & Conditions.