{
  "template": "corridor-anomaly-watch",
  "templateName": "Trade anomaly page",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp"
  },
  "seo": {
    "title": "Former Republic of Vietnam to SGP trade anomaly | HS 382200 | Yugalinks",
    "description": "Reported trade anomaly for Former Republic of Vietnam to SGP in reagents (HS 382200), with anomaly severity, market value, history, and context.",
    "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/vnm-sgp-382200",
    "robots": "index, follow"
  },
  "breadcrumbs": [
    {
      "name": "Home",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/"
    },
    {
      "name": "Trade data",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/"
    },
    {
      "name": "Trade anomalies",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/"
    },
    {
      "name": "VNM-SGP HS 382200",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/vnm-sgp-382200"
    }
  ],
  "sections": [
    "overview",
    "history",
    "context",
    "related-movements",
    "faq",
    "data-source"
  ],
  "anomaly": {
    "year": 2024,
    "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
    "importer_iso3": "SGP",
    "hs_code": "382200",
    "market_imports_usd": 568405170.6032579,
    "momentum_yoy_pct": 9507.549680895338,
    "anomaly_z_score": 3.737238022780269,
    "anomaly_type": "spike",
    "anomaly_severity": "93.43095056950672",
    "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
    "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0
  },
  "opportunity": {
    "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
    "importer_iso3": "SGP",
    "hs_code": "382200",
    "hs_description": "Reagents: diagnostic or laboratory reagents on a backing and prepared diagnostic or laboratory reagents whether or not on a backing, other than those of heading no. 3002 or 3006: certified reference material",
    "hs_chapter": "38",
    "hs_heading": "3822",
    "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
    "trade_type_label": "Two-way vertical trade",
    "substitution_elasticity": -5.927516,
    "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 568405170.603258,
    "buyer_imports_avg_usd": 267330047.84089914,
    "buyer_imports_peak_usd": 927262285.6584625,
    "buyer_cagr_full_pct": 10.7392,
    "buyer_yoy_avg_pct": 13.3105,
    "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 1.7322,
    "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 75.8621,
    "buyer_imports_proj_3y_usd": 771902678.45,
    "buyer_imports_proj_5y_usd": 946597965.18,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 396986.899888,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 72794,
    "buyer_population_latest": 5453.566,
    "buyer_investment_rate": 27.31,
    "buyer_savings_rate": 50.79,
    "buyer_edu_secondary": 92.34,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_2030_proj": 443394.08,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_2030_proj": 78359.17,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_growth_pct": 7.65,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_growth_pct": 11.69,
    "buyer_pop_growth_pct": 3.76,
    "exports_latest_usd": 1633944.6539987463,
    "exports_avg_usd": 245427.53917536695,
    "exports_peak_usd": 3374761.352041833,
    "share_latest_pct": 0.28746125800801803,
    "share_avg_pct": 0.04052628138062385,
    "share_peak_pct": 0.46873039656576815,
    "share_change_1y_pp": 0.2844173955774752,
    "share_trend_pp_per_yr": 0.013055,
    "cagr_full_pct": 24.8161,
    "yoy_avg_pct": 944.2281,
    "yoy_latest_pct": 9507.5497,
    "trend_consistency_pct": 61.9048,
    "exports_proj_3y_usd": 3177230.96,
    "exports_proj_5y_usd": 4949823.89,
    "your_share_gap_pp": 54.4267,
    "addressable_proj_3y_usd": 420121421.36,
    "addressable_proj_5y_usd": 515202361.24,
    "peer_best_share_pct": 54.71419575263658,
    "peer_top_exporter": "USA",
    "num_suppliers_latest": 89,
    "buyer_herfindahl_index": 3217.51,
    "distance_km": 2207.195068359375,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "common_spoken_language_score": 0,
    "has_wto_reported_fta": 1,
    "buyer_is_eu_member": 0,
    "buyer_biz_entry_days": 1.5,
    "shared_legal_system": 0,
    "shared_religion": 0,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "buyer_is_wto_member": 1,
    "lane_volatility_cv": 3.101619085102503,
    "lane_max_drawdown_pct": 99.4960567459593,
    "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
    "lane_data_years": 22,
    "lane_last_year": 2024
  },
  "lane": {
    "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
    "importer_iso3": "SGP",
    "hs_code": "382200",
    "hs_description": "Reagents: diagnostic or laboratory reagents on a backing and prepared diagnostic or laboratory reagents whether or not on a backing, other than those of heading no. 3002 or 3006: certified reference material",
    "hs_chapter": "38",
    "hs_heading": "3822",
    "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
    "trade_type_label": "Two-way vertical trade",
    "substitution_elasticity": -5.927516,
    "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 568405170.603258,
    "buyer_imports_avg_usd": 267330047.84089914,
    "buyer_imports_peak_usd": 927262285.6584625,
    "buyer_cagr_full_pct": 10.7392,
    "buyer_yoy_avg_pct": 13.3105,
    "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 1.7322,
    "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 75.8621,
    "buyer_imports_proj_3y_usd": 771902678.45,
    "buyer_imports_proj_5y_usd": 946597965.18,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 396986.899888,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 72794,
    "buyer_population_latest": 5453.566,
    "buyer_investment_rate": 27.31,
    "buyer_savings_rate": 50.79,
    "buyer_edu_secondary": 92.34,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_2030_proj": 443394.08,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_2030_proj": 78359.17,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_growth_pct": 7.65,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_growth_pct": 11.69,
    "buyer_pop_growth_pct": 3.76,
    "exports_latest_usd": 1633944.6539987463,
    "exports_avg_usd": 245427.53917536695,
    "exports_peak_usd": 3374761.352041833,
    "share_latest_pct": 0.28746125800801803,
    "share_avg_pct": 0.04052628138062385,
    "share_peak_pct": 0.46873039656576815,
    "share_change_1y_pp": 0.2844173955774752,
    "share_trend_pp_per_yr": 0.013055,
    "cagr_full_pct": 24.8161,
    "yoy_avg_pct": 944.2281,
    "yoy_latest_pct": 9507.5497,
    "trend_consistency_pct": 61.9048,
    "exports_proj_3y_usd": 3177230.96,
    "exports_proj_5y_usd": 4949823.89,
    "your_share_gap_pp": 54.4267,
    "addressable_proj_3y_usd": 420121421.36,
    "addressable_proj_5y_usd": 515202361.24,
    "peer_best_share_pct": 54.71419575263658,
    "peer_top_exporter": "USA",
    "num_suppliers_latest": 89,
    "buyer_herfindahl_index": 3217.51,
    "distance_km": 2207.195068359375,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "common_spoken_language_score": 0,
    "has_wto_reported_fta": 1,
    "buyer_is_eu_member": 0,
    "buyer_biz_entry_days": 1.5,
    "shared_legal_system": 0,
    "shared_religion": 0,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "buyer_is_wto_member": 1,
    "lane_volatility_cv": 3.101619085102503,
    "lane_max_drawdown_pct": 99.4960567459593,
    "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
    "lane_data_years": 22,
    "lane_last_year": 2024,
    "access_data_year": 2024,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2939642071400967,
    "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
    "buyer_macro_latest_year": 2024,
    "buyer_gdp_5y_cagr_pct": 7.791336242259628,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_5y_cagr_pct": 6.573928477882984,
    "buyer_population_5y_cagr_pct": 1.1423129294040102,
    "buyer_investment_5y_avg_pct": 27.51,
    "buyer_savings_5y_avg_pct": 51.083999999999996,
    "current_below_peak_usd": 1740816.6980430868,
    "current_below_peak_pct": 51.58340150451942,
    "latest_vs_historical_avg_pct": 565.7544053486325,
    "share_change_all_pp": 0.28721,
    "volatility_label": "Highly volatile",
    "drawdown_label": "Still more than 50% below historical peak",
    "competition_label": "Concentrated buyer market",
    "demand_label": "Buyer demand stable or growing",
    "access_label": "Reported FTA available",
    "macro_resilience_label": "Buyer macro trend resilient",
    "risk_driver_labels": [
      "high_volatility",
      "unrecovered_drawdown",
      "concentrated_buyer_market",
      "dominant_supplier"
    ],
    "risk_driver_count": 4,
    "attention_level": "High attention",
    "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak"
  },
  "routeHistory": [
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "hs_code": "382200",
      "export_value_usd": 5131.033261893037,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "hs_code": "382200",
      "export_value_usd": 2561.0318015532916,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -50.087405969993114,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "hs_code": "382200",
      "export_value_usd": 8230.513050943087,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 221.37488671367524,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "hs_code": "382200",
      "export_value_usd": 446.50959128259933,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -94.57494826241195,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -55.685894488390986
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "hs_code": "382200",
      "export_value_usd": 2897.7490762985753,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 548.9780136580689,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 4.203410878073344
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "hs_code": "382200",
      "export_value_usd": 3936.213579201522,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 35.83693672432893,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -21.798110035062468
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "hs_code": "382200",
      "export_value_usd": 42597.96415097692,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 982.2066255769105,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 356.93316793532557
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "hs_code": "382200",
      "export_value_usd": 836.8405049235755,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -98.03549178557543,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -33.901139552586734
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "hs_code": "382200",
      "export_value_usd": 22714.139859809515,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2614.273475790215,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 79.3656242883356
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "hs_code": "382200",
      "export_value_usd": 24664.742236448546,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 8.587612776350095,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -16.651860012985253
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "hs_code": "382200",
      "export_value_usd": 24061.962695139424,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.4438915093074054,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 206.35815974019076
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "hs_code": "382200",
      "export_value_usd": 2803.5885761153886,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -88.34846262694222,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -50.210320728889556
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "hs_code": "382200",
      "export_value_usd": 10860.42377657924,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 287.37580360764935,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -23.922412845771913
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "hs_code": "382200",
      "export_value_usd": 25610.242608503973,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 135.81255331613363,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 2.100424517951227
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "hs_code": "382200",
      "export_value_usd": 11033.877288931048,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -56.91615476822071,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 57.88394011695346
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "hs_code": "382200",
      "export_value_usd": 48608.004074341516,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 340.5342093400299,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 64.79865854680786
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "hs_code": "382200",
      "export_value_usd": 18946.7629319801,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -61.02131059937628,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -9.557246428488043
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "hs_code": "382200",
      "export_value_usd": 57370.654653790756,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 202.79924259228073,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 73.24227782904997
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "hs_code": "382200",
      "export_value_usd": 60380.71992519357,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.246698489963841,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 7.497120918885947
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "hs_code": "382200",
      "export_value_usd": 3374761.352041833,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5489.137321023776,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 462.64700994917234
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "hs_code": "382200",
      "export_value_usd": 17006.88217358744,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -99.49605674595931,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -33.32265491005104
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "hs_code": "382200",
      "export_value_usd": 1633944.6539987463,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9507.549680895338,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 200.22465306434816
    }
  ],
  "corridorHistory": [
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "export_value_usd": 386148036.324509,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "distance_km": 1092,
      "capital_distance_km": 2194,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 396986.89988800004,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 72794.00302260944,
      "importer_population": 5453.566,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 1.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 0.4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 362637.524071,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 3694.018970960344,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.03935057149286597,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.030516909837259926,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2939642071400967
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "export_value_usd": 453504873.7203551,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 17.443268140626024,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "distance_km": 1092,
      "capital_distance_km": 2194,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 396986.89988800004,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 72794.00302260944,
      "importer_population": 5453.566,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 1.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 0.4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 362637.524071,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 3694.018970960344,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.03935057149286597,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.030516909837259926,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2939642071400967
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "export_value_usd": 551323662.4214749,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 21.569512119827383,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "distance_km": 1092,
      "capital_distance_km": 2194,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 396986.89988800004,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 72794.00302260944,
      "importer_population": 5453.566,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 1.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 0.4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 362637.524071,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 3694.018970960344,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.03935057149286597,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.030516909837259926,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2939642071400967
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "export_value_usd": 472001612.9605709,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -14.387564849386802,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 6.921050575595289,
      "distance_km": 1092,
      "capital_distance_km": 2194,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 396986.89988800004,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 72794.00302260944,
      "importer_population": 5453.566,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 1.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 0.4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 362637.524071,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 3694.018970960344,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.03935057149286597,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.030516909837259926,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2939642071400967
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "export_value_usd": 589191178.6569034,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 24.828212971831952,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 9.116750892180004,
      "distance_km": 1092,
      "capital_distance_km": 2194,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 396986.89988800004,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 72794.00302260944,
      "importer_population": 5453.566,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 1.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 0.4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 362637.524071,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 3694.018970960344,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.03935057149286597,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.030516909837259926,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2939642071400967
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "export_value_usd": 838895996.6895695,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 42.38094986450462,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 15.018357949559391,
      "distance_km": 1092,
      "capital_distance_km": 2194,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 396986.89988800004,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 72794.00302260944,
      "importer_population": 5453.566,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 1.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 0.4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 362637.524071,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 3694.018970960344,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.03935057149286597,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.030516909837259926,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2939642071400967
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "export_value_usd": 929836747.7472117,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.840527480940466,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 25.358679198683156,
      "distance_km": 1092,
      "capital_distance_km": 2194,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 396986.89988800004,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 72794.00302260944,
      "importer_population": 5453.566,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 1.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 0.4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 362637.524071,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 3694.018970960344,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.03935057149286597,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.030516909837259926,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2939642071400967
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "export_value_usd": 942666704.4177443,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.3798074448677866,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 16.959089103806303,
      "distance_km": 1092,
      "capital_distance_km": 2194,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 396986.89988800004,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 72794.00302260944,
      "importer_population": 5453.566,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 1.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 0.4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 362637.524071,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 3694.018970960344,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.03935057149286597,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.030516909837259926,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2939642071400967
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "export_value_usd": 1015293480.9242979,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.704396067686825,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 6.568247824900908,
      "distance_km": 1092,
      "capital_distance_km": 2194,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 396986.89988800004,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 72794.00302260944,
      "importer_population": 5453.566,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 1.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 0.4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 362637.524071,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 3694.018970960344,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.03935057149286597,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.030516909837259926,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2939642071400967
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "export_value_usd": 1445653067.19378,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 42.387703098191224,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 15.847266849251573,
      "distance_km": 1092,
      "capital_distance_km": 2194,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 396986.89988800004,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 72794.00302260944,
      "importer_population": 5453.566,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 1.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 0.4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 362637.524071,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 3694.018970960344,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.03935057149286597,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.030516909837259926,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2939642071400967
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "export_value_usd": 1862091608.076515,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 28.806257208799213,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 25.472232400206263,
      "distance_km": 1092,
      "capital_distance_km": 2194,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 396986.89988800004,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 72794.00302260944,
      "importer_population": 5453.566,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 1.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 0.4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 362637.524071,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 3694.018970960344,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.03935057149286597,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.030516909837259926,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2939642071400967
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "export_value_usd": 1648561901.8699415,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -11.467196634173293,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 17.536084932766038,
      "distance_km": 1092,
      "capital_distance_km": 2194,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 396986.89988800004,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 72794.00302260944,
      "importer_population": 5453.566,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 1.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 0.4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 362637.524071,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 3694.018970960344,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.03935057149286597,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.030516909837259926,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2939642071400967
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "export_value_usd": 2168687762.860959,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 31.550277875586353,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 14.475087013058662,
      "distance_km": 1092,
      "capital_distance_km": 2194,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 396986.89988800004,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 72794.00302260944,
      "importer_population": 5453.566,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 1.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 0.4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 362637.524071,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 3694.018970960344,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.03935057149286597,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.030516909837259926,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2939642071400967
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "export_value_usd": 2555957757.0875683,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 17.857342161405377,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 11.135005755864903,
      "distance_km": 1092,
      "capital_distance_km": 2194,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 396986.89988800004,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 72794.00302260944,
      "importer_population": 5453.566,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 1.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 0.4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 362637.524071,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 3694.018970960344,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.03935057149286597,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.030516909837259926,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2939642071400967
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "export_value_usd": 2193300865.6955023,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -14.18868877572147,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 9.98437308106035,
      "distance_km": 1092,
      "capital_distance_km": 2194,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 396986.89988800004,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 72794.00302260944,
      "importer_population": 5453.566,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 1.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 0.4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 362637.524071,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 3694.018970960344,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.03935057149286597,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.030516909837259926,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2939642071400967
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "export_value_usd": 1814611313.2420523,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -17.265736697430533,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -5.7686249686545565,
      "distance_km": 1092,
      "capital_distance_km": 2194,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 396986.89988800004,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 72794.00302260944,
      "importer_population": 5453.566,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 1.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 0.4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 362637.524071,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 3694.018970960344,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.03935057149286597,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.030516909837259926,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2939642071400967
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "export_value_usd": 1886196818.0844674,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.9449497707868764,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -9.632740489355529,
      "distance_km": 1092,
      "capital_distance_km": 2194,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 396986.89988800004,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 72794.00302260944,
      "importer_population": 5453.566,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 1.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 0.4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 362637.524071,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 3694.018970960344,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.03935057149286597,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.030516909837259926,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2939642071400967
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "export_value_usd": 2194412234.316681,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 16.340575558028057,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 0.01688749861492589,
      "distance_km": 1092,
      "capital_distance_km": 2194,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 396986.89988800004,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 72794.00302260944,
      "importer_population": 5453.566,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 1.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 0.4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 362637.524071,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 3694.018970960344,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.03935057149286597,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.030516909837259926,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2939642071400967
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "export_value_usd": 2686214620.567881,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 22.41157693893112,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 13.9687272047472,
      "distance_km": 1092,
      "capital_distance_km": 2194,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 396986.89988800004,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 72794.00302260944,
      "importer_population": 5453.566,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 1.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 0.4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 362637.524071,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 3694.018970960344,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.03935057149286597,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.030516909837259926,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2939642071400967
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "export_value_usd": 2978154936.1608334,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.8680934634789,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 16.444798396301195,
      "distance_km": 1092,
      "capital_distance_km": 2194,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 396986.89988800004,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 72794.00302260944,
      "importer_population": 5453.566,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 1.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 0.4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 362637.524071,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 3694.018970960344,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.03935057149286597,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.030516909837259926,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2939642071400967
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "export_value_usd": 3289851655.4704213,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.466101529002358,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 14.450940673616053,
      "distance_km": 1092,
      "capital_distance_km": 2194,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 396986.89988800004,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 72794.00302260944,
      "importer_population": 5453.566,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 1.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 0.4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 362637.524071,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 3694.018970960344,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.03935057149286597,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.030516909837259926,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2939642071400967
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "export_value_usd": 2600769497.9137673,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -20.945690861496335,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -1.0717367466605787,
      "distance_km": 1092,
      "capital_distance_km": 2194,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 396986.89988800004,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 72794.00302260944,
      "importer_population": 5453.566,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 1.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 0.4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 362637.524071,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 3694.018970960344,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.03935057149286597,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.030516909837259926,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2939642071400967
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "export_value_usd": 3149590682.5952625,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 21.102261662240252,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 1.8831294676823207,
      "distance_km": 1092,
      "capital_distance_km": 2194,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 396986.89988800004,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 72794.00302260944,
      "importer_population": 5453.566,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 1.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 0.4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 362637.524071,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 3694.018970960344,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.03935057149286597,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.030516909837259926,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2939642071400967
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "export_value_usd": 3363585292.0646677,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 6.79436253897836,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 0.7415688383869412,
      "distance_km": 1092,
      "capital_distance_km": 2194,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 396986.89988800004,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 72794.00302260944,
      "importer_population": 5453.566,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 1.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 0.4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 362637.524071,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 3694.018970960344,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.03935057149286597,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.030516909837259926,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2939642071400967
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "export_value_usd": 3385716440.8179936,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.6579630611876386,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 9.190010173767039,
      "distance_km": 1092,
      "capital_distance_km": 2194,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 396986.89988800004,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 72794.00302260944,
      "importer_population": 5453.566,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 1.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 0.4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 362637.524071,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 3694.018970960344,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.03935057149286597,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.030516909837259926,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2939642071400967
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "export_value_usd": 3445883460.70095,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.777083844281413,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 3.04228707895966,
      "distance_km": 1092,
      "capital_distance_km": 2194,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 396986.89988800004,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 72794.00302260944,
      "importer_population": 5453.566,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 1.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 0.4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 362637.524071,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 3694.018970960344,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.03935057149286597,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.030516909837259926,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2939642071400967
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "export_value_usd": 4230963629.624213,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 22.783131753491293,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 7.947423851741586,
      "distance_km": 1092,
      "capital_distance_km": 2194,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 396986.89988800004,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 72794.00302260944,
      "importer_population": 5453.566,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 1.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 0.4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 362637.524071,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 3694.018970960344,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.03935057149286597,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.030516909837259926,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2939642071400967
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "export_value_usd": 4927539501.068156,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 16.46376410722803,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 13.325204300010029,
      "distance_km": 1092,
      "capital_distance_km": 2194,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 396986.89988800004,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 72794.00302260944,
      "importer_population": 5453.566,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 1.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 0.4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 362637.524071,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 3694.018970960344,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.03935057149286597,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.030516909837259926,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2939642071400967
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "export_value_usd": 4434740907.718888,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -10.000905994613385,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 8.773362857080746,
      "distance_km": 1092,
      "capital_distance_km": 2194,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 396986.89988800004,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 72794.00302260944,
      "importer_population": 5453.566,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 1.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 0.4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 362637.524071,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 3694.018970960344,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.03935057149286597,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.030516909837259926,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2939642071400967
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "export_value_usd": 5567262176.748378,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 25.537484434733937,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 9.580714353973807,
      "distance_km": 1092,
      "capital_distance_km": 2194,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 396986.89988800004,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 72794.00302260944,
      "importer_population": 5453.566,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 1.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 0.4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 362637.524071,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 3694.018970960344,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.03935057149286597,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.030516909837259926,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.2939642071400967,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2939642071400967
    }
  ],
  "relatedAnomalies": [
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "CHN",
      "hs_code": "270900",
      "market_imports_usd": 291595370039.4009,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 527.4317791288183,
      "anomaly_z_score": 4.535289320267042,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "100",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Former Republic of Vietnam",
      "importer_name": "CHN"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "271019",
      "market_imports_usd": 19171045683.569927,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 78012.3897841095,
      "anomaly_z_score": 4.183301172829385,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "100",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Former Republic of Vietnam",
      "importer_name": "Germany"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "CHN",
      "hs_code": "851770",
      "market_imports_usd": 12878082617.502857,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 878.6801018322791,
      "anomaly_z_score": 2.0598739892019453,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "51.49684973004863",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Former Republic of Vietnam",
      "importer_name": "CHN"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "CHE",
      "hs_code": "300215",
      "market_imports_usd": 8028742523.573806,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 84743.10353205609,
      "anomaly_z_score": 2.428697191957994,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "60.71742979894985",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Former Republic of Vietnam",
      "importer_name": "Switzerland"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "FRA",
      "hs_code": "711319",
      "market_imports_usd": 6820508517.768291,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 82.21586994221013,
      "anomaly_z_score": 3.3156308340804896,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "82.89077085201224",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Former Republic of Vietnam",
      "importer_name": "France"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "CHN",
      "hs_code": "760110",
      "market_imports_usd": 4805884690.787634,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 2825.5068467744313,
      "anomaly_z_score": 3.160806857958658,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "79.02017144896645",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Former Republic of Vietnam",
      "importer_name": "CHN"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "841191",
      "market_imports_usd": 3575092922.4646115,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 1733.6988399477625,
      "anomaly_z_score": 2.5919260850965804,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "64.79815212741451",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Former Republic of Vietnam",
      "importer_name": "Japan"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "VNM",
      "importer_iso3": "FRA",
      "hs_code": "850440",
      "market_imports_usd": 3060190184.7915497,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 858.6601129061092,
      "anomaly_z_score": 3.1279804575549837,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "78.1995114388746",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Former Republic of Vietnam",
      "importer_name": "France"
    }
  ],
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/vnm-sgp-382200",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/vnm-sgp-382200/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/vnm-sgp-382200/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/vnm-sgp-382200/index.ld.json",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported trade observations and calculated indicators are shown separately. An unusual movement is a research prompt, not a causal conclusion or commercial forecast.",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "generatedAt": "2026-09-03T09:19:02.939Z",
  "artifactContract": {
    "html": "Full visual page",
    "markdown": "Readable page content and evidence",
    "json": "Complete page data",
    "jsonLd": "Page metadata, FAQ, and provenance"
  }
}