{
  "template": "corridor-anomaly-watch",
  "templateName": "Trade anomaly page",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp"
  },
  "seo": {
    "title": "Saudi Arabia to Germany trade anomaly | HS 846729 | Yugalinks",
    "description": "Reported trade anomaly for Saudi Arabia to Germany in tools (HS 846729), with anomaly severity, market value, history, and context.",
    "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/sau-deu-846729",
    "robots": "index, follow"
  },
  "breadcrumbs": [
    {
      "name": "Home",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/"
    },
    {
      "name": "Trade data",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/"
    },
    {
      "name": "Trade anomalies",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/"
    },
    {
      "name": "SAU-DEU HS 846729",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/sau-deu-846729"
    }
  ],
  "sections": [
    "overview",
    "history",
    "context",
    "related-movements",
    "faq",
    "data-source"
  ],
  "anomaly": {
    "year": 2024,
    "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
    "importer_iso3": "DEU",
    "hs_code": "846729",
    "market_imports_usd": 1287037258.5368803,
    "momentum_yoy_pct": 3957.550407263279,
    "anomaly_z_score": 2.6048441448094684,
    "anomaly_type": "spike",
    "anomaly_severity": "65.12110362023671",
    "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
    "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0
  },
  "opportunity": {
    "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
    "importer_iso3": "DEU",
    "hs_code": "846729",
    "hs_description": "Tools: for working in the hand, with self-contained electric motor: other than saws and drills",
    "hs_chapter": "84",
    "hs_heading": "8467",
    "price_range_label": null,
    "trade_type_label": null,
    "substitution_elasticity": -3.7724471,
    "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 1287037258.5368795,
    "buyer_imports_avg_usd": 676130750.4239427,
    "buyer_imports_peak_usd": 1520570063.1767137,
    "buyer_cagr_full_pct": 4.4546,
    "buyer_yoy_avg_pct": 5.5316,
    "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 1.5854,
    "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 72.4138,
    "buyer_imports_proj_3y_usd": 1466811112.11,
    "buyer_imports_proj_5y_usd": 1600403795.33,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 4223116.205969,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 50802,
    "buyer_population_latest": 83129.288,
    "buyer_investment_rate": 22.08,
    "buyer_savings_rate": 27.68,
    "buyer_edu_secondary": 95.9,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_2030_proj": 4391279.94,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_2030_proj": 53142.97,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_growth_pct": 4.61,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_growth_pct": 3.98,
    "buyer_pop_growth_pct": -0.6,
    "exports_latest_usd": 75230.7360647751,
    "exports_avg_usd": 7352.879353032367,
    "exports_peak_usd": 75230.7360647751,
    "share_latest_pct": 0.005845264817764355,
    "share_avg_pct": 0.0007395306966697677,
    "share_peak_pct": 0.005845264817764355,
    "share_change_1y_pp": 0.00569892189617962,
    "share_trend_pp_per_yr": 0.000246,
    "cagr_full_pct": 14.2571,
    "yoy_avg_pct": 696.6147,
    "yoy_latest_pct": 3957.5504,
    "trend_consistency_pct": 44.4444,
    "exports_proj_3y_usd": 112213.3,
    "exports_proj_5y_usd": 146490.81,
    "your_share_gap_pp": 43.8424,
    "addressable_proj_3y_usd": 643084710.84,
    "addressable_proj_5y_usd": 701654905.29,
    "peer_best_share_pct": 43.84821225613172,
    "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
    "num_suppliers_latest": 85,
    "buyer_herfindahl_index": 2240.54,
    "distance_km": 4498.25732421875,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "common_spoken_language_score": 0.008899999782443047,
    "has_wto_reported_fta": 0,
    "buyer_is_eu_member": 1,
    "buyer_biz_entry_days": 8,
    "shared_legal_system": 0,
    "shared_religion": 0,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "buyer_is_wto_member": 1,
    "lane_volatility_cv": 2.264912749915298,
    "lane_max_drawdown_pct": 99.3587890746108,
    "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
    "lane_data_years": 19,
    "lane_last_year": 2024
  },
  "lane": {
    "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
    "importer_iso3": "DEU",
    "hs_code": "846729"
  },
  "routeHistory": [
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "846729",
      "export_value_usd": 5232.810977183131,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "846729",
      "export_value_usd": 928.6680392713009,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -82.25297945367002,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "846729",
      "export_value_usd": 4344.644535005433,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 367.83612133508444,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "846729",
      "export_value_usd": 2343.4322540578282,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -46.06158834913987,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -23.492187421520704
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "846729",
      "export_value_usd": 792.1208299620637,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -66.19826203251887,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -5.163181072289069
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "846729",
      "export_value_usd": 1852.9472414138447,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 133.92229712007273,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -24.72751252391535
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "846729",
      "export_value_usd": 542.0558666600845,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -70.7462870747209,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -38.61477076166449
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "846729",
      "export_value_usd": 186.93552746246243,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -65.51360496948794,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -38.20308362377563
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "846729",
      "export_value_usd": 5425.461779491891,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2802.3170999859035,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 43.06208542262206
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "846729",
      "export_value_usd": 34.788653682917406,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -99.3587890746108,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -59.96272378184898
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "846729",
      "export_value_usd": 676.3378144570527,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1844.1333390523275,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 53.51728247120376
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "846729",
      "export_value_usd": 20360.920966165086,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2910.4661503379534,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 55.40091440062811
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "846729",
      "export_value_usd": 6417.461294357897,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -68.48147829353023,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 469.2572171059126
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "846729",
      "export_value_usd": 2671.8486695705137,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -58.36595583491015,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 58.08211178525373
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "846729",
      "export_value_usd": 720.5538931716138,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -73.03163531011509,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -67.16857873650727
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "846729",
      "export_value_usd": 9072.914156720404,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1159.1583006768258,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 12.234880358176149
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "846729",
      "export_value_usd": 1015.9766865967828,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -88.80209082718767,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -27.552406848918075
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "846729",
      "export_value_usd": 1854.0924576095765,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 82.49360266525704,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 37.03188736865779
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "846729",
      "export_value_usd": 75230.7360647751,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3957.550407263279,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 102.40263855067214
    }
  ],
  "corridorHistory": [
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 816494883.0845237,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "distance_km": 4169,
      "capital_distance_km": 4169,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 833541.2365690001,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 23585.886297459085,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01249383321472634,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.011822674788464549,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.8965675951625516,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6483117691365758,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.229951913579474
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 890157374.6075897,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.021794630823244,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "distance_km": 4169,
      "capital_distance_km": 4169,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 833541.2365690001,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 23585.886297459085,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01249383321472634,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.011822674788464549,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.8965675951625516,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6483117691365758,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.229951913579474
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 801359115.0994726,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -9.975568595077045,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "distance_km": 4169,
      "capital_distance_km": 4169,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 833541.2365690001,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 23585.886297459085,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01249383321472634,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.011822674788464549,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.8965675951625516,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6483117691365758,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.229951913579474
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 530080096.03530866,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -33.85236580612053,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -13.411009465908585,
      "distance_km": 4169,
      "capital_distance_km": 4169,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 833541.2365690001,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 23585.886297459085,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01249383321472634,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.011822674788464549,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.8965675951625516,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6483117691365758,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.229951913579474
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 642257707.0751283,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 21.162388831205515,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -10.30928005209304,
      "distance_km": 4169,
      "capital_distance_km": 4169,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 833541.2365690001,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 23585.886297459085,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01249383321472634,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.011822674788464549,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.8965675951625516,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6483117691365758,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.229951913579474
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 982797049.3671364,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 53.02222745490126,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 7.03986538446244,
      "distance_km": 4169,
      "capital_distance_km": 4169,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 833541.2365690001,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 23585.886297459085,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01249383321472634,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.011822674788464549,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.8965675951625516,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6483117691365758,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.229951913579474
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 804966731.8039938,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -18.094307230333552,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 14.942016395378621,
      "distance_km": 4169,
      "capital_distance_km": 4169,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 833541.2365690001,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 23585.886297459085,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01249383321472634,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.011822674788464549,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.8965675951625516,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6483117691365758,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.229951913579474
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 781785425.107447,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.879784440854549,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 6.772500860495501,
      "distance_km": 4169,
      "capital_distance_km": 4169,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 833541.2365690001,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 23585.886297459085,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01249383321472634,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.011822674788464549,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.8965675951625516,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6483117691365758,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.229951913579474
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 1019621029.412355,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 30.42210773783871,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 1.2336696611056963,
      "distance_km": 4169,
      "capital_distance_km": 4169,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 833541.2365690001,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 23585.886297459085,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01249383321472634,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.011822674788464549,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.8965675951625516,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6483117691365758,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.229951913579474
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 1301961956.0702198,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 27.690771229050483,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 17.38342776884252,
      "distance_km": 4169,
      "capital_distance_km": 4169,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 833541.2365690001,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 23585.886297459085,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01249383321472634,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.011822674788464549,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.8965675951625516,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6483117691365758,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.229951913579474
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 1699204563.1334865,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 30.51107639598665,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 29.53467268018408,
      "distance_km": 4169,
      "capital_distance_km": 4169,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 833541.2365690001,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 23585.886297459085,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01249383321472634,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.011822674788464549,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.8965675951625516,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6483117691365758,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.229951913579474
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 1976981169.2023609,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 16.34744939459374,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 24.69659160682809,
      "distance_km": 4169,
      "capital_distance_km": 4169,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 833541.2365690001,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 23585.886297459085,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01249383321472634,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.011822674788464549,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.8965675951625516,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6483117691365758,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.229951913579474
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 1404029450.4252656,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -28.981141940176403,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 2.5477118659275044,
      "distance_km": 4169,
      "capital_distance_km": 4169,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 833541.2365690001,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 23585.886297459085,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01249383321472634,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.011822674788464549,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.8965675951625516,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6483117691365758,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.229951913579474
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 2113948592.9048204,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 50.562980873693775,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 7.551445589295769,
      "distance_km": 4169,
      "capital_distance_km": 4169,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 833541.2365690001,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 23585.886297459085,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01249383321472634,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.011822674788464549,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.8965675951625516,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6483117691365758,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.229951913579474
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 875864513.2081509,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -58.56736932260933,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -23.76668607110437,
      "distance_km": 4169,
      "capital_distance_km": 4169,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 833541.2365690001,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 23585.886297459085,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01249383321472634,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.011822674788464549,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.8965675951625516,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6483117691365758,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.229951913579474
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 763419066.0278146,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -12.838223890184409,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -18.380187107481472,
      "distance_km": 4169,
      "capital_distance_km": 4169,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 833541.2365690001,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 23585.886297459085,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01249383321472634,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.011822674788464549,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.8965675951625516,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6483117691365758,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.229951913579474
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 1159904795.8406131,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 51.93552891936195,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -18.13291868719522,
      "distance_km": 4169,
      "capital_distance_km": 4169,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 833541.2365690001,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 23585.886297459085,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01249383321472634,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.011822674788464549,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.8965675951625516,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6483117691365758,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.229951913579474
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 2089960207.432064,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 80.1837715411303,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 33.62889039319346,
      "distance_km": 4169,
      "capital_distance_km": 4169,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 833541.2365690001,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 23585.886297459085,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01249383321472634,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.011822674788464549,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.8965675951625516,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6483117691365758,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.229951913579474
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 2100210943.8188581,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.4904751942329755,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 40.119949366887695,
      "distance_km": 4169,
      "capital_distance_km": 4169,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 833541.2365690001,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 23585.886297459085,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01249383321472634,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.011822674788464549,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.8965675951625516,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6483117691365758,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.229951913579474
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 1311220120.2579312,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -37.56721799222168,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 4.172020293442857,
      "distance_km": 4169,
      "capital_distance_km": 4169,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 833541.2365690001,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 23585.886297459085,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01249383321472634,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.011822674788464549,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.8965675951625516,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6483117691365758,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.229951913579474
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 921020591.7359537,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -29.758506790242134,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -23.901322806524185,
      "distance_km": 4169,
      "capital_distance_km": 4169,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 833541.2365690001,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 23585.886297459085,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01249383321472634,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.011822674788464549,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.8965675951625516,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6483117691365758,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.229951913579474
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 645142115.929457,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -29.953562198486438,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -32.5268748692158,
      "distance_km": 4169,
      "capital_distance_km": 4169,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 833541.2365690001,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 23585.886297459085,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01249383321472634,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.011822674788464549,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.8965675951625516,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6483117691365758,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.229951913579474
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 771246811.9798009,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 19.546808825008235,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -16.21378103638448,
      "distance_km": 4169,
      "capital_distance_km": 4169,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 833541.2365690001,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 23585.886297459085,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01249383321472634,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.011822674788464549,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.8965675951625516,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6483117691365758,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.229951913579474
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 1251423762.825376,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 62.259829588527495,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 10.758828217371885,
      "distance_km": 4169,
      "capital_distance_km": 4169,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 833541.2365690001,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 23585.886297459085,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01249383321472634,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.011822674788464549,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.8965675951625516,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6483117691365758,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.229951913579474
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 1259974169.1745129,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.6832542743021142,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 24.997717430741638,
      "distance_km": 4169,
      "capital_distance_km": 4169,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 833541.2365690001,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 23585.886297459085,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01249383321472634,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.011822674788464549,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.8965675951625516,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6483117691365758,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.229951913579474
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 934786939.4392028,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -25.809039398669608,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 6.620263465784748,
      "distance_km": 4169,
      "capital_distance_km": 4169,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 833541.2365690001,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 23585.886297459085,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01249383321472634,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.011822674788464549,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.8965675951625516,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6483117691365758,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.229951913579474
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 1135259907.651335,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 21.445846080434116,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -3.195183113254929,
      "distance_km": 4169,
      "capital_distance_km": 4169,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 833541.2365690001,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 23585.886297459085,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01249383321472634,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.011822674788464549,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.8965675951625516,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6483117691365758,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.229951913579474
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 2829831992.085407,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 149.26732398573478,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 30.95829237201364,
      "distance_km": 4169,
      "capital_distance_km": 4169,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 833541.2365690001,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 23585.886297459085,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01249383321472634,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.011822674788464549,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.8965675951625516,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6483117691365758,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.229951913579474
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 2490069262.3703656,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -12.006462951344954,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 38.62224578765792,
      "distance_km": 4169,
      "capital_distance_km": 4169,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 833541.2365690001,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 23585.886297459085,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01249383321472634,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.011822674788464549,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.8965675951625516,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6483117691365758,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.229951913579474
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 1677114179.7569175,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -32.64789035785992,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 13.89092232700866,
      "distance_km": 4169,
      "capital_distance_km": 4169,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 833541.2365690001,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 23585.886297459085,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01249383321472634,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.011822674788464549,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.8965675951625516,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6483117691365758,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.229951913579474
    }
  ],
  "relatedAnomalies": [
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "CHN",
      "hs_code": "854239",
      "market_imports_usd": 81807010253.73093,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 151690.72408142223,
      "anomaly_z_score": 3.4063495382933207,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "85.15873845733302",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Saudi Arabia",
      "importer_name": "CHN"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "870324",
      "market_imports_usd": 31336665700.532005,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 11300.686557246427,
      "anomaly_z_score": 2.151787634131543,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "53.79469085328857",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Saudi Arabia",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "hs_code": "271019",
      "market_imports_usd": 31118342186.038307,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 146.3974473045373,
      "anomaly_z_score": 2.4267045798944546,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "60.66761449736136",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Saudi Arabia",
      "importer_name": "SGP"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "hs_code": "854231",
      "market_imports_usd": 27556770428.499187,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 247571.87305476764,
      "anomaly_z_score": 3.161429578491639,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "79.03573946229098",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Saudi Arabia",
      "importer_name": "SGP"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "MYS",
      "hs_code": "854231",
      "market_imports_usd": 21389936224.63702,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 3151.093567305045,
      "anomaly_z_score": 2.5336846805892987,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "63.342117014732466",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Saudi Arabia",
      "importer_name": "Malaysia"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "870829",
      "market_imports_usd": 20563001425.949093,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 3764.3972835364375,
      "anomaly_z_score": 2.5959354329111997,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "64.89838582277999",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Saudi Arabia",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "CHN",
      "hs_code": "271019",
      "market_imports_usd": 17857965043.274834,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 15942.30370041271,
      "anomaly_z_score": 3.666354387649297,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "91.65885969123244",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Saudi Arabia",
      "importer_name": "CHN"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "SAU",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "870323",
      "market_imports_usd": 11474635439.624706,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 6489.950481816254,
      "anomaly_z_score": 4.685851718671311,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "100",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Saudi Arabia",
      "importer_name": "Germany"
    }
  ],
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/sau-deu-846729",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/sau-deu-846729/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/sau-deu-846729/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/sau-deu-846729/index.ld.json",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported trade observations and calculated indicators are shown separately. An unusual movement is a research prompt, not a causal conclusion or commercial forecast.",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "generatedAt": "2026-09-03T09:18:26.948Z",
  "artifactContract": {
    "html": "Full visual page",
    "markdown": "Readable page content and evidence",
    "json": "Complete page data",
    "jsonLd": "Page metadata, FAQ, and provenance"
  }
}