{
  "template": "corridor-anomaly-watch",
  "templateName": "Trade anomaly page",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp"
  },
  "seo": {
    "title": "Japan to USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands trade anomaly | HS 841899 | Yugalinks",
    "description": "Reported trade anomaly for Japan to USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands in refrigerating or freezing equipment (HS 841899), with anomaly severity,...",
    "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/jpn-usa-841899",
    "robots": "index, follow"
  },
  "breadcrumbs": [
    {
      "name": "Home",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/"
    },
    {
      "name": "Trade data",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/"
    },
    {
      "name": "Trade anomalies",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/"
    },
    {
      "name": "JPN-USA HS 841899",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/jpn-usa-841899"
    }
  ],
  "sections": [
    "overview",
    "history",
    "context",
    "related-movements",
    "faq",
    "data-source"
  ],
  "anomaly": {
    "year": 2024,
    "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
    "importer_iso3": "USA",
    "hs_code": "841899",
    "market_imports_usd": 1293045329.1277385,
    "momentum_yoy_pct": 51.13722062688393,
    "anomaly_z_score": 2.3541487334032674,
    "anomaly_type": "spike",
    "anomaly_severity": "58.85371833508168",
    "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
    "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0
  },
  "opportunity": {
    "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
    "importer_iso3": "USA",
    "hs_code": "841899",
    "hs_description": "Refrigerating or freezing equipment: parts thereof, other than furniture",
    "hs_chapter": "84",
    "hs_heading": "8418",
    "price_range_label": "Low price range",
    "trade_type_label": "Two-way trade",
    "substitution_elasticity": -9.5246401,
    "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 1293045329.1277385,
    "buyer_imports_avg_usd": 659562117.3479803,
    "buyer_imports_peak_usd": 1363502994.57339,
    "buyer_cagr_full_pct": 7.2678,
    "buyer_yoy_avg_pct": 7.8765,
    "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -0.4525,
    "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 75.8621,
    "buyer_imports_proj_3y_usd": 1595959841.97,
    "buyer_imports_proj_5y_usd": 1836372437.07,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 22996100,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 69288,
    "buyer_population_latest": 331893.738,
    "buyer_investment_rate": 21.94,
    "buyer_savings_rate": 17.5,
    "buyer_edu_secondary": 98.29,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_2030_proj": 25548808.87,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_2030_proj": 74535.71,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_growth_pct": 7.57,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_growth_pct": 11.1,
    "buyer_pop_growth_pct": 3.28,
    "exports_latest_usd": 43515065.07062232,
    "exports_avg_usd": 26275965.79851318,
    "exports_peak_usd": 43515065.07062232,
    "share_latest_pct": 3.3653162878656904,
    "share_avg_pct": 5.680452032731275,
    "share_peak_pct": 13.912337218489132,
    "share_change_1y_pp": 1.1487299279040775,
    "share_trend_pp_per_yr": -0.348289,
    "cagr_full_pct": 2.2595,
    "yoy_avg_pct": 4.0985,
    "yoy_latest_pct": 51.1372,
    "trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
    "exports_proj_3y_usd": 46531916.67,
    "exports_proj_5y_usd": 48658473.24,
    "your_share_gap_pp": 36.5659,
    "addressable_proj_3y_usd": 583577134.97,
    "addressable_proj_5y_usd": 671486172.38,
    "peer_best_share_pct": 39.93121974126437,
    "peer_top_exporter": "MEX",
    "num_suppliers_latest": 80,
    "buyer_herfindahl_index": 2189.07,
    "distance_km": 10855.5869140625,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "common_spoken_language_score": 0.1151999980211258,
    "has_wto_reported_fta": 0,
    "buyer_is_eu_member": 0,
    "buyer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
    "shared_legal_system": 0,
    "shared_religion": 0,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "buyer_is_wto_member": 1,
    "lane_volatility_cv": 0.2356660119903634,
    "lane_max_drawdown_pct": 33.213301083744426,
    "signal_flag": "Stable",
    "lane_data_years": 30,
    "lane_last_year": 2024
  },
  "lane": {
    "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
    "importer_iso3": "USA",
    "hs_code": "841899",
    "hs_description": "Refrigerating or freezing equipment: parts thereof, other than furniture",
    "hs_chapter": "84",
    "hs_heading": "8418",
    "price_range_label": "Low price range",
    "trade_type_label": "Two-way trade",
    "substitution_elasticity": -9.5246401,
    "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 1293045329.1277385,
    "buyer_imports_avg_usd": 659562117.3479803,
    "buyer_imports_peak_usd": 1363502994.57339,
    "buyer_cagr_full_pct": 7.2678,
    "buyer_yoy_avg_pct": 7.8765,
    "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -0.4525,
    "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 75.8621,
    "buyer_imports_proj_3y_usd": 1595959841.97,
    "buyer_imports_proj_5y_usd": 1836372437.07,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 22996100,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 69288,
    "buyer_population_latest": 331893.738,
    "buyer_investment_rate": 21.94,
    "buyer_savings_rate": 17.5,
    "buyer_edu_secondary": 98.29,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_2030_proj": 25548808.87,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_2030_proj": 74535.71,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_growth_pct": 7.57,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_growth_pct": 11.1,
    "buyer_pop_growth_pct": 3.28,
    "exports_latest_usd": 43515065.07062232,
    "exports_avg_usd": 26275965.79851318,
    "exports_peak_usd": 43515065.07062232,
    "share_latest_pct": 3.3653162878656904,
    "share_avg_pct": 5.680452032731275,
    "share_peak_pct": 13.912337218489132,
    "share_change_1y_pp": 1.1487299279040775,
    "share_trend_pp_per_yr": -0.348289,
    "cagr_full_pct": 2.2595,
    "yoy_avg_pct": 4.0985,
    "yoy_latest_pct": 51.1372,
    "trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
    "exports_proj_3y_usd": 46531916.67,
    "exports_proj_5y_usd": 48658473.24,
    "your_share_gap_pp": 36.5659,
    "addressable_proj_3y_usd": 583577134.97,
    "addressable_proj_5y_usd": 671486172.38,
    "peer_best_share_pct": 39.93121974126437,
    "peer_top_exporter": "MEX",
    "num_suppliers_latest": 80,
    "buyer_herfindahl_index": 2189.07,
    "distance_km": 10855.5869140625,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "common_spoken_language_score": 0.1151999980211258,
    "has_wto_reported_fta": 0,
    "buyer_is_eu_member": 0,
    "buyer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
    "shared_legal_system": 0,
    "shared_religion": 0,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "buyer_is_wto_member": 1,
    "lane_volatility_cv": 0.2356660119903634,
    "lane_max_drawdown_pct": 33.213301083744426,
    "signal_flag": "Stable",
    "lane_data_years": 30,
    "lane_last_year": 2024,
    "access_data_year": 2024,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399,
    "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
    "buyer_macro_latest_year": 2024,
    "buyer_gdp_5y_cagr_pct": 6.1023377268677015,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_5y_cagr_pct": 5.47830267128826,
    "buyer_population_5y_cagr_pct": 0.5916240968762754,
    "buyer_investment_5y_avg_pct": 22.094,
    "buyer_savings_5y_avg_pct": 17.618,
    "current_below_peak_usd": 0,
    "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
    "latest_vs_historical_avg_pct": 65.6078615884201,
    "share_change_all_pp": -10.44867,
    "volatility_label": "Stable",
    "drawdown_label": "Near historical peak",
    "competition_label": "Moderately concentrated buyer market",
    "demand_label": "Buyer demand softened recently",
    "access_label": "Long-distance market without reported FTA",
    "macro_resilience_label": "Buyer macro trend resilient",
    "risk_driver_labels": [
      "long_distance_without_fta"
    ],
    "risk_driver_count": 1,
    "attention_level": "Watch",
    "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified"
  },
  "routeHistory": [
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "841899",
      "export_value_usd": 22763045.243142735,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "841899",
      "export_value_usd": 23046659.24032718,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.2459404888714554,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "841899",
      "export_value_usd": 21843587.071577556,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -5.220158619104676,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "841899",
      "export_value_usd": 20977347.82549551,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.965645583958044,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -2.6864298354808414
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "841899",
      "export_value_usd": 27148291.96872692,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 29.417179876911568,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 5.611572776349294
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "841899",
      "export_value_usd": 23362689.08762881,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -13.944165936696429,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 2.266397408512244
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "841899",
      "export_value_usd": 23042728.787024572,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -1.369535413513967,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 3.1797432784267388
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "841899",
      "export_value_usd": 24472291.73316326,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 6.203965508389264,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -3.3999443359066905
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "841899",
      "export_value_usd": 27306862.87739761,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 11.582777678287993,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 5.33749671102286
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "841899",
      "export_value_usd": 28890110.187654205,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.7979831567070095,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 7.829708213964559
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "841899",
      "export_value_usd": 23140662.03913684,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -19.901094565483223,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -1.8477229120086092
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "841899",
      "export_value_usd": 22236180.947381146,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.908622364502712,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -6.618080525361803
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "841899",
      "export_value_usd": 20421648.680484686,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -8.160269387941666,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -10.919933181740426
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "841899",
      "export_value_usd": 20446532.625865303,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.12185081513225171,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -4.041975895293525
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "841899",
      "export_value_usd": 20368169.321172077,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.38325962708265493,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -2.882551106111908
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "841899",
      "export_value_usd": 19641065.140866157,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.5698062444429857,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -1.2906985557100348
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "841899",
      "export_value_usd": 24680452.10591077,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 25.657401616979627,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 6.4742232235677655
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "841899",
      "export_value_usd": 31853638.45318824,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 29.064242083148663,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 16.07419575821243
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "841899",
      "export_value_usd": 21843584.01822242,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -31.42515241917022,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 3.606329276266651
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "841899",
      "export_value_usd": 22927414.970763788,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.961781691306744,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -2.426025962899836
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "841899",
      "export_value_usd": 24896845.043985084,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 8.58984789926227,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -7.885410022740547
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "841899",
      "export_value_usd": 28857658.83073329,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 15.90889841564529,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 9.726720460841577
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "841899",
      "export_value_usd": 25562945.006448552,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -11.417120992420504,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 3.6935949821706116
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "841899",
      "export_value_usd": 29083454.249098126,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 13.771923546999322,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 5.317503723210559
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "841899",
      "export_value_usd": 27620471.96045206,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -5.030290680452554,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -1.4499913217424942
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "841899",
      "export_value_usd": 25823551.09495341,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -6.505757280583557,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 0.33867442590409524
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "841899",
      "export_value_usd": 40604240.52681265,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 57.23724586719512,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 11.765680934126642
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "841899",
      "export_value_usd": 43110020.35196005,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 6.171226927622819,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 15.997610812378692
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "841899",
      "export_value_usd": 28791759.49520006,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -33.21330108374442,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 3.693312296110718
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "841899",
      "export_value_usd": 43515065.07062232,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 51.13722062688393,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 2.334659417555862
    }
  ],
  "corridorHistory": [
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 122116529665.68315,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 112953057234.1671,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -7.503875565906415,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 118502972678.88364,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.913470764417482,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 119534896437.2239,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.870799892198959,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -0.7097162316320849,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 129066301647.95003,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.973742810520368,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 4.545407192751316,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 140625424980.51962,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 8.955957662829018,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 5.8712890731309475,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 121157530215.66554,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -13.843794440124114,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 0.45045324848358437,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 118961215339.4838,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -1.8127762032390526,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -2.6810288583735464,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 115488036135.46121,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.9195895436265107,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -6.353608027432223,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 126278307666.12814,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.34319423183414,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 1.3894530958860285,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 133730897660.70204,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.901718301672276,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 3.97815870292757,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 144283806683.34488,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.891152461577988,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 7.702768062326681,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 142153127755.45102,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -1.4767276916736738,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 4.0261571894288695,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 135300955537.21124,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -4.820275379397709,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 0.38982595793177754,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 92375207317.49513,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -31.726123477310132,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -13.81217032682266,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 116241821442.1074,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 25.83660141901747,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -6.487716508737618,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 123906025518.45691,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 6.593327583193931,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -2.890022328913533,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 139555828738.42496,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 12.630381092836252,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 14.744228785620006,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 131157781413.75795,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -6.0176972904570025,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 4.1063495654698245,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 126768654467.10344,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.346447995188573,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 0.7642518551671529,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 123735284219.05524,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.3928393503895418,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -3.9313119080717773,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 126249395843.31064,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2.0318469708321407,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -1.2633437571436867,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 130579092805.24008,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.4294793515709854,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 0.992065712102197,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 136172869052.22328,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.2838222619040245,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 3.2442029510723502,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 137226918134.79,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.7740521954946011,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 2.818200929754444,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 115042451490.42096,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -16.166264568135624,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -4.134687224415135,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 130950106297.37863,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 13.827638928819441,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -1.2951659902407986,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 139511426406.12173,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 6.53784891880953,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 0.5518710709492725,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 140916857170.17953,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.0073947347986723,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 6.996180237175498,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 139698549185.98608,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.8645580157398469,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 2.17908598901706,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    }
  ],
  "relatedAnomalies": [
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "901890",
      "market_imports_usd": 19218124265.41434,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 37.19518287614867,
      "anomaly_z_score": 2.2543681930963015,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "56.35920482740754",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Japan",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "CAN",
      "hs_code": "270900",
      "market_imports_usd": 16502829678.026707,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 586.9522777640686,
      "anomaly_z_score": 2.5626732099341254,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "64.06683024835314",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Japan",
      "importer_name": "Canada"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "300439",
      "market_imports_usd": 9313574276.515755,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 86.03453864254212,
      "anomaly_z_score": 3.60204147706159,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "90.05103692653975",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Japan",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "FRA",
      "hs_code": "870322",
      "market_imports_usd": 8873525293.492188,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 388.85272402111593,
      "anomaly_z_score": 4.28267091834684,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "100",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Japan",
      "importer_name": "France"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "CHN",
      "hs_code": "260600",
      "market_imports_usd": 8801719409.936241,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 19904.029186092743,
      "anomaly_z_score": 4.576752421112517,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "100",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Japan",
      "importer_name": "CHN"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "940320",
      "market_imports_usd": 6224718406.768477,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 105.96051770229403,
      "anomaly_z_score": 2.2394966610079714,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "55.987416525199286",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Japan",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "KOR",
      "hs_code": "870323",
      "market_imports_usd": 4945951960.978633,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 403.30321914861696,
      "anomaly_z_score": 2.8785509347429556,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "71.9637733685739",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Japan",
      "importer_name": "KOR"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "CAN",
      "hs_code": "840734",
      "market_imports_usd": 4647690660.490272,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 257.2647775461858,
      "anomaly_z_score": 2.038931939221942,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "50.97329848054854",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Japan",
      "importer_name": "Canada"
    }
  ],
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/jpn-usa-841899",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/jpn-usa-841899/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/jpn-usa-841899/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/jpn-usa-841899/index.ld.json",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported trade observations and calculated indicators are shown separately. An unusual movement is a research prompt, not a causal conclusion or commercial forecast.",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "generatedAt": "2026-09-03T09:14:35.809Z",
  "artifactContract": {
    "html": "Full visual page",
    "markdown": "Readable page content and evidence",
    "json": "Complete page data",
    "jsonLd": "Page metadata, FAQ, and provenance"
  }
}