{
  "template": "corridor-anomaly-watch",
  "templateName": "Trade anomaly page",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp"
  },
  "seo": {
    "title": "Japan to USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands trade anomaly | HS 392062 | Yugalinks",
    "description": "Reported trade anomaly for Japan to USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands in plastics (HS 392062), with anomaly severity, market value, history, and context.",
    "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/jpn-usa-392062",
    "robots": "index, follow"
  },
  "breadcrumbs": [
    {
      "name": "Home",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/"
    },
    {
      "name": "Trade data",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/"
    },
    {
      "name": "Trade anomalies",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/"
    },
    {
      "name": "JPN-USA HS 392062",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/jpn-usa-392062"
    }
  ],
  "sections": [
    "overview",
    "history",
    "context",
    "related-movements",
    "faq",
    "data-source"
  ],
  "anomaly": {
    "year": 2024,
    "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
    "importer_iso3": "USA",
    "hs_code": "392062",
    "market_imports_usd": 1094686373.5248258,
    "momentum_yoy_pct": 64.30163084995466,
    "anomaly_z_score": 4.209978469498498,
    "anomaly_type": "spike",
    "anomaly_severity": "100",
    "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
    "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0
  },
  "opportunity": {
    "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
    "importer_iso3": "USA",
    "hs_code": "392062",
    "hs_description": "Plastics: plates, sheets, film, foil and strip, of polyethylene terephthalate, non-cellular and not reinforced, laminated, supported or similarly combined with other materials",
    "hs_chapter": "39",
    "hs_heading": "3920",
    "price_range_label": "High price range",
    "trade_type_label": "Two-way vertical trade",
    "substitution_elasticity": -11.689507,
    "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 1094686373.524825,
    "buyer_imports_avg_usd": 551312001.5349754,
    "buyer_imports_peak_usd": 1307520149.568027,
    "buyer_cagr_full_pct": 5.0451,
    "buyer_yoy_avg_pct": 6.2192,
    "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 10.121,
    "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 72.4138,
    "buyer_imports_proj_3y_usd": 1268870002.43,
    "buyer_imports_proj_5y_usd": 1400131229.12,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 22996100,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 69288,
    "buyer_population_latest": 331893.738,
    "buyer_investment_rate": 21.94,
    "buyer_savings_rate": 17.5,
    "buyer_edu_secondary": 98.29,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_2030_proj": 25548808.87,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_2030_proj": 74535.71,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_growth_pct": 7.57,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_growth_pct": 11.1,
    "buyer_pop_growth_pct": 3.28,
    "exports_latest_usd": 27274224.089820575,
    "exports_avg_usd": 51494516.887559816,
    "exports_peak_usd": 97621944.29439883,
    "share_latest_pct": 2.491510331127918,
    "share_avg_pct": 14.250043434061952,
    "share_peak_pct": 36.78793826930602,
    "share_change_1y_pp": 0.8216077148140262,
    "share_trend_pp_per_yr": -1.182635,
    "cagr_full_pct": -4.268,
    "yoy_avg_pct": -3.1449,
    "yoy_latest_pct": 64.3016,
    "trend_consistency_pct": 41.3793,
    "exports_proj_3y_usd": 23928951.83,
    "exports_proj_5y_usd": 21929960.83,
    "your_share_gap_pp": 24.8667,
    "addressable_proj_3y_usd": 315525786.17,
    "addressable_proj_5y_usd": 348166089.49,
    "peer_best_share_pct": 27.35818584304287,
    "peer_top_exporter": "OMN",
    "num_suppliers_latest": 73,
    "buyer_herfindahl_index": 1198.05,
    "distance_km": 10855.5869140625,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "common_spoken_language_score": 0.1151999980211258,
    "has_wto_reported_fta": 0,
    "buyer_is_eu_member": 0,
    "buyer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
    "shared_legal_system": 0,
    "shared_religion": 0,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "buyer_is_wto_member": 1,
    "lane_volatility_cv": 0.42963211602070367,
    "lane_max_drawdown_pct": 82.99553090668492,
    "signal_flag": "Slowing",
    "lane_data_years": 30,
    "lane_last_year": 2024
  },
  "lane": {
    "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
    "importer_iso3": "USA",
    "hs_code": "392062",
    "hs_description": "Plastics: plates, sheets, film, foil and strip, of polyethylene terephthalate, non-cellular and not reinforced, laminated, supported or similarly combined with other materials",
    "hs_chapter": "39",
    "hs_heading": "3920",
    "price_range_label": "High price range",
    "trade_type_label": "Two-way vertical trade",
    "substitution_elasticity": -11.689507,
    "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 1094686373.524825,
    "buyer_imports_avg_usd": 551312001.5349754,
    "buyer_imports_peak_usd": 1307520149.568027,
    "buyer_cagr_full_pct": 5.0451,
    "buyer_yoy_avg_pct": 6.2192,
    "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 10.121,
    "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 72.4138,
    "buyer_imports_proj_3y_usd": 1268870002.43,
    "buyer_imports_proj_5y_usd": 1400131229.12,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 22996100,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 69288,
    "buyer_population_latest": 331893.738,
    "buyer_investment_rate": 21.94,
    "buyer_savings_rate": 17.5,
    "buyer_edu_secondary": 98.29,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_2030_proj": 25548808.87,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_2030_proj": 74535.71,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_growth_pct": 7.57,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_growth_pct": 11.1,
    "buyer_pop_growth_pct": 3.28,
    "exports_latest_usd": 27274224.089820575,
    "exports_avg_usd": 51494516.887559816,
    "exports_peak_usd": 97621944.29439883,
    "share_latest_pct": 2.491510331127918,
    "share_avg_pct": 14.250043434061952,
    "share_peak_pct": 36.78793826930602,
    "share_change_1y_pp": 0.8216077148140262,
    "share_trend_pp_per_yr": -1.182635,
    "cagr_full_pct": -4.268,
    "yoy_avg_pct": -3.1449,
    "yoy_latest_pct": 64.3016,
    "trend_consistency_pct": 41.3793,
    "exports_proj_3y_usd": 23928951.83,
    "exports_proj_5y_usd": 21929960.83,
    "your_share_gap_pp": 24.8667,
    "addressable_proj_3y_usd": 315525786.17,
    "addressable_proj_5y_usd": 348166089.49,
    "peer_best_share_pct": 27.35818584304287,
    "peer_top_exporter": "OMN",
    "num_suppliers_latest": 73,
    "buyer_herfindahl_index": 1198.05,
    "distance_km": 10855.5869140625,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "common_spoken_language_score": 0.1151999980211258,
    "has_wto_reported_fta": 0,
    "buyer_is_eu_member": 0,
    "buyer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
    "shared_legal_system": 0,
    "shared_religion": 0,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "buyer_is_wto_member": 1,
    "lane_volatility_cv": 0.42963211602070367,
    "lane_max_drawdown_pct": 82.99553090668492,
    "signal_flag": "Slowing",
    "lane_data_years": 30,
    "lane_last_year": 2024,
    "access_data_year": 2024,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399,
    "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
    "buyer_macro_latest_year": 2024,
    "buyer_gdp_5y_cagr_pct": 6.1023377268677015,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_5y_cagr_pct": 5.47830267128826,
    "buyer_population_5y_cagr_pct": 0.5916240968762754,
    "buyer_investment_5y_avg_pct": 22.094,
    "buyer_savings_5y_avg_pct": 17.618,
    "current_below_peak_usd": 70347720.20457825,
    "current_below_peak_pct": 72.06137996230683,
    "latest_vs_historical_avg_pct": -47.03470245312747,
    "share_change_all_pp": -35.47905,
    "volatility_label": "Stable",
    "drawdown_label": "Still more than 50% below historical peak",
    "competition_label": "Competitive buyer market",
    "demand_label": "Buyer demand stable or growing",
    "access_label": "Long-distance market without reported FTA",
    "macro_resilience_label": "Buyer macro trend resilient",
    "risk_driver_labels": [
      "unrecovered_drawdown",
      "long_distance_without_fta"
    ],
    "risk_driver_count": 2,
    "attention_level": "High attention",
    "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak"
  },
  "routeHistory": [
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "392062",
      "export_value_usd": 96626619.37455238,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "392062",
      "export_value_usd": 97621944.29439883,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.0300732099384424,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "392062",
      "export_value_usd": 81372828.75138986,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -16.6449415246294,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "392062",
      "export_value_usd": 77091844.59521823,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -5.2609503956792425,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -7.252142952880081
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "392062",
      "export_value_usd": 77422883.45506759,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.42940840446552553,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -7.43631632091436
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "392062",
      "export_value_usd": 76005218.51606688,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -1.8310670899043036,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -2.248972126635096
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "392062",
      "export_value_usd": 58648431.65863008,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -22.836309396002484,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -8.711517340159848
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "392062",
      "export_value_usd": 60822880.51912162,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.707599332149525,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -7.728861168124257
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "392062",
      "export_value_usd": 62030397.57468832,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.9853006718205002,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -6.54833339772718
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "392062",
      "export_value_usd": 64161862.24182006,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.4361615441289572,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 3.040237849072147
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "392062",
      "export_value_usd": 64412714.24284935,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.39096745677962286,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 1.9298860311557586
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "392062",
      "export_value_usd": 62023027.60872434,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.7099610879855027,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -0.003960562429583536
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "392062",
      "export_value_usd": 58819997.80887357,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -5.164259023369933,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -2.8559927310018107
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "392062",
      "export_value_usd": 54639538.59638743,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -7.107207358405376,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -5.337390012000931
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "392062",
      "export_value_usd": 50402653.73251027,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -7.754247149073268,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -6.681701068541912
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "392062",
      "export_value_usd": 58162757.43772953,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 15.396220497441604,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -0.37385450183535784
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "392062",
      "export_value_usd": 56234845.42192974,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.3146846895349857,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 0.9639099486664859
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "392062",
      "export_value_usd": 40274025.668145046,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -28.382437319833908,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -7.2051487640816925
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "392062",
      "export_value_usd": 39760826.26529622,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -1.2742689471312074,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -11.907932205382766
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "392062",
      "export_value_usd": 40643775.91701231,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2.220652171121351,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -10.257909734999027
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "392062",
      "export_value_usd": 37790495.586978935,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -7.0202146962410445,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -2.099288457850701
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "392062",
      "export_value_usd": 35683412.71027227,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -5.575695274641179,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -3.542279580209018
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "392062",
      "export_value_usd": 27559345.82903042,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -22.76706812547431,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -12.14665831619608
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "392062",
      "export_value_usd": 27755615.519576732,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.7121710789650404,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -9.775858467172082
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "392062",
      "export_value_usd": 28422824.68088925,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2.4038708881880755,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -7.302728499897437
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "392062",
      "export_value_usd": 23115798.089058053,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -18.671707162868646,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -5.69240655885398
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "392062",
      "export_value_usd": 23897643.775293134,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.3823002053525064,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -4.866222858356761
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "392062",
      "export_value_usd": 19556979.319629274,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -18.16356665317569,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -11.716776937344031
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "392062",
      "export_value_usd": 16600093.34583431,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -15.119338858364229,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -10.449665461474122
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "392062",
      "export_value_usd": 27274224.089820575,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 64.30163084995466,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 4.503886083284359
    }
  ],
  "corridorHistory": [
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 122116529665.68315,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 112953057234.1671,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -7.503875565906415,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 118502972678.88364,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.913470764417482,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 119534896437.2239,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.870799892198959,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -0.7097162316320849,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 129066301647.95003,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.973742810520368,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 4.545407192751316,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 140625424980.51962,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 8.955957662829018,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 5.8712890731309475,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 121157530215.66554,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -13.843794440124114,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 0.45045324848358437,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 118961215339.4838,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -1.8127762032390526,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -2.6810288583735464,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 115488036135.46121,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.9195895436265107,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -6.353608027432223,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 126278307666.12814,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.34319423183414,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 1.3894530958860285,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 133730897660.70204,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.901718301672276,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 3.97815870292757,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 144283806683.34488,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.891152461577988,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 7.702768062326681,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 142153127755.45102,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -1.4767276916736738,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 4.0261571894288695,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 135300955537.21124,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -4.820275379397709,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 0.38982595793177754,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 92375207317.49513,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -31.726123477310132,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -13.81217032682266,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 116241821442.1074,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 25.83660141901747,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -6.487716508737618,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 123906025518.45691,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 6.593327583193931,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -2.890022328913533,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 139555828738.42496,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 12.630381092836252,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 14.744228785620006,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 131157781413.75795,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -6.0176972904570025,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 4.1063495654698245,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 126768654467.10344,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.346447995188573,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 0.7642518551671529,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 123735284219.05524,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.3928393503895418,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -3.9313119080717773,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 126249395843.31064,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2.0318469708321407,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -1.2633437571436867,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 130579092805.24008,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.4294793515709854,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 0.992065712102197,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 136172869052.22328,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.2838222619040245,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 3.2442029510723502,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 137226918134.79,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.7740521954946011,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 2.818200929754444,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 115042451490.42096,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -16.166264568135624,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -4.134687224415135,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 130950106297.37863,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 13.827638928819441,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -1.2951659902407986,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 139511426406.12173,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 6.53784891880953,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 0.5518710709492725,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 140916857170.17953,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.0073947347986723,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 6.996180237175498,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "export_value_usd": 139698549185.98608,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.8645580157398469,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 2.17908598901706,
      "distance_km": 10872,
      "capital_distance_km": 10928,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 22996100,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 69287.53804930179,
      "importer_population": 331893.738,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 4.2,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 1,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.1496472527078136,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.1496472527078136,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 4.673181352585858,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.674475463696969,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 2.2290415014285703,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 2.445433962268399
    }
  ],
  "relatedAnomalies": [
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "901890",
      "market_imports_usd": 19218124265.41434,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 37.19518287614867,
      "anomaly_z_score": 2.2543681930963015,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "56.35920482740754",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Japan",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "CAN",
      "hs_code": "270900",
      "market_imports_usd": 16502829678.026707,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 586.9522777640686,
      "anomaly_z_score": 2.5626732099341254,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "64.06683024835314",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Japan",
      "importer_name": "Canada"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "300439",
      "market_imports_usd": 9313574276.515755,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 86.03453864254212,
      "anomaly_z_score": 3.60204147706159,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "90.05103692653975",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Japan",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "FRA",
      "hs_code": "870322",
      "market_imports_usd": 8873525293.492188,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 388.85272402111593,
      "anomaly_z_score": 4.28267091834684,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "100",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Japan",
      "importer_name": "France"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "CHN",
      "hs_code": "260600",
      "market_imports_usd": 8801719409.936241,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 19904.029186092743,
      "anomaly_z_score": 4.576752421112517,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "100",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Japan",
      "importer_name": "CHN"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "940320",
      "market_imports_usd": 6224718406.768477,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 105.96051770229403,
      "anomaly_z_score": 2.2394966610079714,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "55.987416525199286",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Japan",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "KOR",
      "hs_code": "870323",
      "market_imports_usd": 4945951960.978633,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 403.30321914861696,
      "anomaly_z_score": 2.8785509347429556,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "71.9637733685739",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Japan",
      "importer_name": "KOR"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "CAN",
      "hs_code": "840734",
      "market_imports_usd": 4647690660.490272,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 257.2647775461858,
      "anomaly_z_score": 2.038931939221942,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "50.97329848054854",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Japan",
      "importer_name": "Canada"
    }
  ],
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/jpn-usa-392062",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/jpn-usa-392062/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/jpn-usa-392062/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/jpn-usa-392062/index.ld.json",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported trade observations and calculated indicators are shown separately. An unusual movement is a research prompt, not a causal conclusion or commercial forecast.",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "generatedAt": "2026-09-03T09:14:33.988Z",
  "artifactContract": {
    "html": "Full visual page",
    "markdown": "Readable page content and evidence",
    "json": "Complete page data",
    "jsonLd": "Page metadata, FAQ, and provenance"
  }
}