{ "template": "corridor-anomaly-watch", "templateName": "Trade anomaly page", "source": "api", "publisher": { "name": "Yugalinks", "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks", "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp" }, "seo": { "title": "India to JAM trade anomaly | HS 330119 | Yugalinks", "description": "Reported trade anomaly for India to JAM in oils, essential (HS 330119), with anomaly severity, market value, history, and context.", "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/ind-jam-330119", "robots": "index, follow" }, "breadcrumbs": [ { "name": "Home", "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/" }, { "name": "Trade data", "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/" }, { "name": "Trade anomalies", "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/" }, { "name": "IND-JAM HS 330119", "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/ind-jam-330119" } ], "sections": [ "overview", "history", "context", "related-movements", "faq", "data-source" ], "anomaly": { "year": 2024, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "hs_code": "330119", "market_imports_usd": 312774.22832294233, "momentum_yoy_pct": 3304.3190075545767, "anomaly_z_score": 2.6309840751589797, "anomaly_type": "spike", "anomaly_severity": "65.7746018789745", "new_corridor_signal_type": "", "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0 }, "opportunity": { "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "hs_code": "330119", "hs_description": "Oils, essential: of citrus fruits n.e.s. in heading no. 3301 (terpeneless or not), including concretes and absolutes", "hs_chapter": "33", "hs_heading": "3301", "price_range_label": "Medium price range", "trade_type_label": "One-way trade", "substitution_elasticity": -3.8507123, "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 312774.22832294233, "buyer_imports_avg_usd": 130689.91523342919, "buyer_imports_peak_usd": 317849.24342984887, "buyer_cagr_full_pct": 8.425, "buyer_yoy_avg_pct": 28.2425, "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 125.3881, "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724, "buyer_imports_proj_3y_usd": 398674.81, "buyer_imports_proj_5y_usd": 468681, "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 13638.230996, "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 4587, "buyer_population_latest": 2973.462, "buyer_investment_rate": 24.3, "buyer_savings_rate": 4.3, "buyer_edu_secondary": 90.27, "buyer_gdp_mn_2030_proj": 13362.42, "buyer_gdp_pc_2030_proj": 4432.49, "buyer_gdp_pc_growth_pct": -3.37, "buyer_gdp_mn_growth_pct": -2.02, "buyer_pop_growth_pct": 1.39, "exports_latest_usd": 2725.0059573185686, "exports_avg_usd": 896.6038543944125, "exports_peak_usd": 2725.0059573185686, "share_latest_pct": 0.8712373688617894, "share_avg_pct": 0.5592660473108881, "share_peak_pct": 1.5271267958460626, "share_change_1y_pp": 0.8135557726216007, "share_trend_pp_per_yr": 0.034822, "cagr_full_pct": 6.283, "yoy_avg_pct": 589.3928, "yoy_latest_pct": 3304.319, "trend_consistency_pct": 41.6667, "exports_proj_3y_usd": 3271.59, "exports_proj_5y_usd": 3695.61, "your_share_gap_pp": 64.4503, "addressable_proj_3y_usd": 256947.27, "addressable_proj_5y_usd": 302066.49, "peer_best_share_pct": 65.32157636460501, "peer_top_exporter": "BLZ", "num_suppliers_latest": 6, "buyer_herfindahl_index": 5004.59, "distance_km": 14143.6220703125, "shares_official_language": 1, "common_spoken_language_score": 0.22540001571178436, "has_wto_reported_fta": 0, "buyer_is_eu_member": 0, "buyer_biz_entry_days": 3, "shared_legal_system": 1, "shared_religion": 0, "shares_land_border": 0, "buyer_is_wto_member": 1, "lane_volatility_cv": 1.037771522997669, "lane_max_drawdown_pct": 99.38411362952093, "signal_flag": "Growing", "lane_data_years": 13, "lane_last_year": 2024 }, "lane": { "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "hs_code": "330119" }, "routeHistory": [ { "year": 2006, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "hs_code": "330119", "export_value_usd": 909.958763057456, "yoy_growth_pct": null, "cagr_3y_pct": null }, { "year": 2007, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "hs_code": "330119", "export_value_usd": 612.2605003117076, "yoy_growth_pct": -32.71557732412885, "cagr_3y_pct": null }, { "year": 2010, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "hs_code": "330119", "export_value_usd": 273.0264742044617, "yoy_growth_pct": -55.40681228570823, "cagr_3y_pct": null }, { "year": 2011, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "hs_code": "330119", "export_value_usd": 1497.2023226320816, "yoy_growth_pct": 448.3725807156964, "cagr_3y_pct": 18.055509583189313 }, { "year": 2012, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "hs_code": "330119", "export_value_usd": 9.221065043587341, "yoy_growth_pct": -99.38411362952091, "cagr_3y_pct": -75.30466352568892 }, { "year": 2017, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "hs_code": "330119", "export_value_usd": 206.355843738656, "yoy_growth_pct": 2137.8742885255238, "cagr_3y_pct": -8.910006635958945 }, { "year": 2018, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "hs_code": "330119", "export_value_usd": 188.9018864513313, "yoy_growth_pct": -8.458184159509264, "cagr_3y_pct": -49.844495762883525 }, { "year": 2019, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "hs_code": "330119", "export_value_usd": 1769.7503153744472, "yoy_growth_pct": 836.8621714799051, "cagr_3y_pct": 476.82441944546775 }, { "year": 2020, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "hs_code": "330119", "export_value_usd": 352.2604269298202, "yoy_growth_pct": -80.09547313710814, "cagr_3y_pct": 19.513150494816923 }, { "year": 2021, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "hs_code": "330119", "export_value_usd": 327.6355822345631, "yoy_growth_pct": -6.990522582930669, "cagr_3y_pct": 20.148472959745135 }, { "year": 2022, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "hs_code": "330119", "export_value_usd": 2704.2254173641995, "yoy_growth_pct": 725.375986002696, "cagr_3y_pct": 15.179970781512232 }, { "year": 2023, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "hs_code": "330119", "export_value_usd": 80.04555246648349, "yoy_growth_pct": -97.03998224584015, "cagr_3y_pct": -38.97734257652966 }, { "year": 2024, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "hs_code": "330119", "export_value_usd": 2725.0059573185686, "yoy_growth_pct": 3304.3190075545767, "cagr_3y_pct": 102.60903040923637 } ], "corridorHistory": [ { "year": 1995, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "export_value_usd": 1832321.784731785, "yoy_growth_pct": null, "cagr_3y_pct": null, "distance_km": 14139, "capital_distance_km": 14139, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 1, "shares_ethnic_language": 1, "shared_religion": 0, "shared_legal_system": 1, "shared_colonial_history": 0, "has_fta": 0, "rta_coverage_ratio": null, "exporter_is_wto": 1, "importer_is_wto": 1, "exporter_is_eu": 0, "importer_is_eu": 0, "importer_gdp_million_usd": 13638.230995999998, "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 4586.650509069898, "importer_population": 2973.462, "importer_biz_entry_days": 3, "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4.2, "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003, "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774, "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.394, "scientific_collaboration": 875, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null, "tariff_advantage_pp": null }, { "year": 1996, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "export_value_usd": 2292645.5630057934, "yoy_growth_pct": 25.122431120437195, "cagr_3y_pct": null, "distance_km": 14139, "capital_distance_km": 14139, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 1, "shares_ethnic_language": 1, "shared_religion": 0, "shared_legal_system": 1, "shared_colonial_history": 0, "has_fta": 0, "rta_coverage_ratio": null, "exporter_is_wto": 1, "importer_is_wto": 1, "exporter_is_eu": 0, "importer_is_eu": 0, "importer_gdp_million_usd": 13638.230995999998, "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 4586.650509069898, "importer_population": 2973.462, "importer_biz_entry_days": 3, "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4.2, "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003, "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774, "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.394, "scientific_collaboration": 875, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null, "tariff_advantage_pp": null }, { "year": 1997, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "export_value_usd": 2510018.240043549, "yoy_growth_pct": 9.481303195979729, "cagr_3y_pct": null, "distance_km": 14139, "capital_distance_km": 14139, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 1, "shares_ethnic_language": 1, "shared_religion": 0, "shared_legal_system": 1, "shared_colonial_history": 0, "has_fta": 0, "rta_coverage_ratio": null, "exporter_is_wto": 1, "importer_is_wto": 1, "exporter_is_eu": 0, "importer_is_eu": 0, "importer_gdp_million_usd": 13638.230995999998, "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 4586.650509069898, "importer_population": 2973.462, "importer_biz_entry_days": 3, "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4.2, "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003, "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774, "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.394, "scientific_collaboration": 875, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null, "tariff_advantage_pp": null }, { "year": 1998, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "export_value_usd": 2720146.3021337413, "yoy_growth_pct": 8.371575104033768, "cagr_3y_pct": 14.076671074819469, "distance_km": 14139, "capital_distance_km": 14139, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 1, "shares_ethnic_language": 1, "shared_religion": 0, "shared_legal_system": 1, "shared_colonial_history": 0, "has_fta": 0, "rta_coverage_ratio": null, "exporter_is_wto": 1, "importer_is_wto": 1, "exporter_is_eu": 0, "importer_is_eu": 0, "importer_gdp_million_usd": 13638.230995999998, "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 4586.650509069898, "importer_population": 2973.462, "importer_biz_entry_days": 3, "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4.2, "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003, "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774, "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.394, "scientific_collaboration": 875, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null, "tariff_advantage_pp": null }, { "year": 1999, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "export_value_usd": 4255600.582642079, "yoy_growth_pct": 56.447488846607065, "cagr_3y_pct": 22.897009034423597, "distance_km": 14139, "capital_distance_km": 14139, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 1, "shares_ethnic_language": 1, "shared_religion": 0, "shared_legal_system": 1, "shared_colonial_history": 0, "has_fta": 0, "rta_coverage_ratio": null, "exporter_is_wto": 1, "importer_is_wto": 1, "exporter_is_eu": 0, "importer_is_eu": 0, "importer_gdp_million_usd": 13638.230995999998, "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 4586.650509069898, "importer_population": 2973.462, "importer_biz_entry_days": 3, "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4.2, "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003, "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774, "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.394, "scientific_collaboration": 875, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null, "tariff_advantage_pp": null }, { "year": 2000, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "export_value_usd": 5741316.574948523, "yoy_growth_pct": 34.912016845905235, "cagr_3y_pct": 31.758367625708097, "distance_km": 14139, "capital_distance_km": 14139, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 1, "shares_ethnic_language": 1, "shared_religion": 0, "shared_legal_system": 1, "shared_colonial_history": 0, "has_fta": 0, "rta_coverage_ratio": null, "exporter_is_wto": 1, "importer_is_wto": 1, "exporter_is_eu": 0, "importer_is_eu": 0, "importer_gdp_million_usd": 13638.230995999998, "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 4586.650509069898, "importer_population": 2973.462, "importer_biz_entry_days": 3, "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4.2, "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003, "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774, "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.394, "scientific_collaboration": 875, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null, "tariff_advantage_pp": null }, { "year": 2001, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "export_value_usd": 7726998.94755895, "yoy_growth_pct": 34.585836657652514, "cagr_3y_pct": 41.62487188880037, "distance_km": 14139, "capital_distance_km": 14139, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 1, "shares_ethnic_language": 1, "shared_religion": 0, "shared_legal_system": 1, "shared_colonial_history": 0, "has_fta": 0, "rta_coverage_ratio": null, "exporter_is_wto": 1, "importer_is_wto": 1, "exporter_is_eu": 0, "importer_is_eu": 0, "importer_gdp_million_usd": 13638.230995999998, "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 4586.650509069898, "importer_population": 2973.462, "importer_biz_entry_days": 3, "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4.2, "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003, "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774, "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.394, "scientific_collaboration": 875, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null, "tariff_advantage_pp": null }, { "year": 2002, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "export_value_usd": 7807464.252862107, "yoy_growth_pct": 1.0413526111398896, "cagr_3y_pct": 22.419250127738334, "distance_km": 14139, "capital_distance_km": 14139, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 1, "shares_ethnic_language": 1, "shared_religion": 0, "shared_legal_system": 1, "shared_colonial_history": 0, "has_fta": 0, "rta_coverage_ratio": null, "exporter_is_wto": 1, "importer_is_wto": 1, "exporter_is_eu": 0, "importer_is_eu": 0, "importer_gdp_million_usd": 13638.230995999998, "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 4586.650509069898, "importer_population": 2973.462, "importer_biz_entry_days": 3, "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4.2, "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003, "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774, "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.394, "scientific_collaboration": 875, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null, "tariff_advantage_pp": null }, { "year": 2003, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "export_value_usd": 8938037.100268887, "yoy_growth_pct": 14.480666331483082, "cagr_3y_pct": 15.89825207846236, "distance_km": 14139, "capital_distance_km": 14139, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 1, "shares_ethnic_language": 1, "shared_religion": 0, "shared_legal_system": 1, "shared_colonial_history": 0, "has_fta": 0, "rta_coverage_ratio": null, "exporter_is_wto": 1, "importer_is_wto": 1, "exporter_is_eu": 0, "importer_is_eu": 0, "importer_gdp_million_usd": 13638.230995999998, "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 4586.650509069898, "importer_population": 2973.462, "importer_biz_entry_days": 3, "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4.2, "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003, "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774, "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.394, "scientific_collaboration": 875, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null, "tariff_advantage_pp": null }, { "year": 2004, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "export_value_usd": 14089761.154299103, "yoy_growth_pct": 57.638203961753895, "cagr_3y_pct": 22.169911520494523, "distance_km": 14139, "capital_distance_km": 14139, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 1, "shares_ethnic_language": 1, "shared_religion": 0, "shared_legal_system": 1, "shared_colonial_history": 0, "has_fta": 0, "rta_coverage_ratio": null, "exporter_is_wto": 1, "importer_is_wto": 1, "exporter_is_eu": 0, "importer_is_eu": 0, "importer_gdp_million_usd": 13638.230995999998, "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 4586.650509069898, "importer_population": 2973.462, "importer_biz_entry_days": 3, "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4.2, "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003, "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774, "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.394, "scientific_collaboration": 875, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null, "tariff_advantage_pp": null }, { "year": 2005, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "export_value_usd": 14785808.89238886, "yoy_growth_pct": 4.940096077337519, "cagr_3y_pct": 23.721457638930275, "distance_km": 14139, "capital_distance_km": 14139, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 1, "shares_ethnic_language": 1, "shared_religion": 0, "shared_legal_system": 1, "shared_colonial_history": 0, "has_fta": 0, "rta_coverage_ratio": null, "exporter_is_wto": 1, "importer_is_wto": 1, "exporter_is_eu": 0, "importer_is_eu": 0, "importer_gdp_million_usd": 13638.230995999998, "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 4586.650509069898, "importer_population": 2973.462, "importer_biz_entry_days": 3, "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4.2, "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003, "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774, "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.394, "scientific_collaboration": 875, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null, "tariff_advantage_pp": null }, { "year": 2006, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "export_value_usd": 25160781.314548634, "yoy_growth_pct": 70.16844663466732, "cagr_3y_pct": 41.19760275615953, "distance_km": 14139, "capital_distance_km": 14139, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 1, "shares_ethnic_language": 1, "shared_religion": 0, "shared_legal_system": 1, "shared_colonial_history": 0, "has_fta": 0, "rta_coverage_ratio": null, "exporter_is_wto": 1, "importer_is_wto": 1, "exporter_is_eu": 0, "importer_is_eu": 0, "importer_gdp_million_usd": 13638.230995999998, "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 4586.650509069898, "importer_population": 2973.462, "importer_biz_entry_days": 3, "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4.2, "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003, "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774, "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.394, "scientific_collaboration": 875, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null, "tariff_advantage_pp": null }, { "year": 2007, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "export_value_usd": 25685733.68150364, "yoy_growth_pct": 2.086391358011852, "cagr_3y_pct": 22.160119269002408, "distance_km": 14139, "capital_distance_km": 14139, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 1, "shares_ethnic_language": 1, "shared_religion": 0, "shared_legal_system": 1, "shared_colonial_history": 0, "has_fta": 0, "rta_coverage_ratio": null, "exporter_is_wto": 1, "importer_is_wto": 1, "exporter_is_eu": 0, "importer_is_eu": 0, "importer_gdp_million_usd": 13638.230995999998, "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 4586.650509069898, "importer_population": 2973.462, "importer_biz_entry_days": 3, "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4.2, "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003, "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774, "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.394, "scientific_collaboration": 875, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null, "tariff_advantage_pp": null }, { "year": 2008, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "export_value_usd": 21663442.950103913, "yoy_growth_pct": -15.659629509809125, "cagr_3y_pct": 13.57797737428028, "distance_km": 14139, "capital_distance_km": 14139, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 1, "shares_ethnic_language": 1, "shared_religion": 0, "shared_legal_system": 1, "shared_colonial_history": 0, "has_fta": 0, "rta_coverage_ratio": null, "exporter_is_wto": 1, "importer_is_wto": 1, "exporter_is_eu": 0, "importer_is_eu": 0, "importer_gdp_million_usd": 13638.230995999998, "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 4586.650509069898, "importer_population": 2973.462, "importer_biz_entry_days": 3, "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4.2, "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003, "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774, "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.394, "scientific_collaboration": 875, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null, "tariff_advantage_pp": null }, { "year": 2009, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "export_value_usd": 21218059.456373055, "yoy_growth_pct": -2.055922019213119, "cagr_3y_pct": -5.522763899243044, "distance_km": 14139, "capital_distance_km": 14139, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 1, "shares_ethnic_language": 1, "shared_religion": 0, "shared_legal_system": 1, "shared_colonial_history": 0, "has_fta": 0, "rta_coverage_ratio": null, "exporter_is_wto": 1, "importer_is_wto": 1, "exporter_is_eu": 0, "importer_is_eu": 0, "importer_gdp_million_usd": 13638.230995999998, "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 4586.650509069898, "importer_population": 2973.462, "importer_biz_entry_days": 3, "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4.2, "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003, "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774, "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.394, "scientific_collaboration": 875, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null, "tariff_advantage_pp": null }, { "year": 2010, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "export_value_usd": 23139357.616336595, "yoy_growth_pct": 9.055013555381763, "cagr_3y_pct": -3.4201690418751984, "distance_km": 14139, "capital_distance_km": 14139, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 1, "shares_ethnic_language": 1, "shared_religion": 0, "shared_legal_system": 1, "shared_colonial_history": 0, "has_fta": 0, "rta_coverage_ratio": null, "exporter_is_wto": 1, "importer_is_wto": 1, "exporter_is_eu": 0, "importer_is_eu": 0, "importer_gdp_million_usd": 13638.230995999998, "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 4586.650509069898, "importer_population": 2973.462, "importer_biz_entry_days": 3, "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4.2, "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003, "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774, "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.394, "scientific_collaboration": 875, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null, "tariff_advantage_pp": null }, { "year": 2011, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "export_value_usd": 27177527.58967693, "yoy_growth_pct": 17.451521517128675, "cagr_3y_pct": 7.851822553891963, "distance_km": 14139, "capital_distance_km": 14139, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 1, "shares_ethnic_language": 1, "shared_religion": 0, "shared_legal_system": 1, "shared_colonial_history": 0, "has_fta": 0, "rta_coverage_ratio": null, "exporter_is_wto": 1, "importer_is_wto": 1, "exporter_is_eu": 0, "importer_is_eu": 0, "importer_gdp_million_usd": 13638.230995999998, "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 4586.650509069898, "importer_population": 2973.462, "importer_biz_entry_days": 3, "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4.2, "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003, "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774, "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.394, "scientific_collaboration": 875, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null, "tariff_advantage_pp": null }, { "year": 2012, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "export_value_usd": 32554302.7275245, "yoy_growth_pct": 19.783900945757395, "cagr_3y_pct": 15.33671521627371, "distance_km": 14139, "capital_distance_km": 14139, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 1, "shares_ethnic_language": 1, "shared_religion": 0, "shared_legal_system": 1, "shared_colonial_history": 0, "has_fta": 0, "rta_coverage_ratio": null, "exporter_is_wto": 1, "importer_is_wto": 1, "exporter_is_eu": 0, "importer_is_eu": 0, "importer_gdp_million_usd": 13638.230995999998, "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 4586.650509069898, "importer_population": 2973.462, "importer_biz_entry_days": 3, "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4.2, "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003, "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774, "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.394, "scientific_collaboration": 875, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null, "tariff_advantage_pp": null }, { "year": 2013, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "export_value_usd": 38104716.89789775, "yoy_growth_pct": 17.049709885754673, "cagr_3y_pct": 18.08891901123948, "distance_km": 14139, "capital_distance_km": 14139, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 1, "shares_ethnic_language": 1, "shared_religion": 0, "shared_legal_system": 1, "shared_colonial_history": 0, "has_fta": 0, "rta_coverage_ratio": null, "exporter_is_wto": 1, "importer_is_wto": 1, "exporter_is_eu": 0, "importer_is_eu": 0, "importer_gdp_million_usd": 13638.230995999998, "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 4586.650509069898, "importer_population": 2973.462, "importer_biz_entry_days": 3, "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4.2, "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003, "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774, "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.394, "scientific_collaboration": 875, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null, "tariff_advantage_pp": null }, { "year": 2014, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "export_value_usd": 40564294.217492424, "yoy_growth_pct": 6.4547843937146965, "cagr_3y_pct": 14.282042297312048, "distance_km": 14139, "capital_distance_km": 14139, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 1, "shares_ethnic_language": 1, "shared_religion": 0, "shared_legal_system": 1, "shared_colonial_history": 0, "has_fta": 0, "rta_coverage_ratio": null, "exporter_is_wto": 1, "importer_is_wto": 1, "exporter_is_eu": 0, "importer_is_eu": 0, "importer_gdp_million_usd": 13638.230995999998, "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 4586.650509069898, "importer_population": 2973.462, "importer_biz_entry_days": 3, "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4.2, "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003, "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774, "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.394, "scientific_collaboration": 875, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null, "tariff_advantage_pp": null }, { "year": 2015, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "export_value_usd": 42630987.197100215, "yoy_growth_pct": 5.094857483595949, "cagr_3y_pct": 9.4054602054497, "distance_km": 14139, "capital_distance_km": 14139, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 1, "shares_ethnic_language": 1, "shared_religion": 0, "shared_legal_system": 1, "shared_colonial_history": 0, "has_fta": 0, "rta_coverage_ratio": null, "exporter_is_wto": 1, "importer_is_wto": 1, "exporter_is_eu": 0, "importer_is_eu": 0, "importer_gdp_million_usd": 13638.230995999998, "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 4586.650509069898, "importer_population": 2973.462, "importer_biz_entry_days": 3, "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4.2, "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003, "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774, "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.394, "scientific_collaboration": 875, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null, "tariff_advantage_pp": null }, { "year": 2016, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "export_value_usd": 45774205.2721335, "yoy_growth_pct": 7.373083012365922, "cagr_3y_pct": 6.30344960267939, "distance_km": 14139, "capital_distance_km": 14139, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 1, "shares_ethnic_language": 1, "shared_religion": 0, "shared_legal_system": 1, "shared_colonial_history": 0, "has_fta": 0, "rta_coverage_ratio": null, "exporter_is_wto": 1, "importer_is_wto": 1, "exporter_is_eu": 0, "importer_is_eu": 0, "importer_gdp_million_usd": 13638.230995999998, "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 4586.650509069898, "importer_population": 2973.462, "importer_biz_entry_days": 3, "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4.2, "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003, "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774, "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.394, "scientific_collaboration": 875, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null, "tariff_advantage_pp": null }, { "year": 2017, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "export_value_usd": 55497132.76224584, "yoy_growth_pct": 21.241062367567707, "cagr_3y_pct": 11.013434943650658, "distance_km": 14139, "capital_distance_km": 14139, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 1, "shares_ethnic_language": 1, "shared_religion": 0, "shared_legal_system": 1, "shared_colonial_history": 0, "has_fta": 0, "rta_coverage_ratio": null, "exporter_is_wto": 1, "importer_is_wto": 1, "exporter_is_eu": 0, "importer_is_eu": 0, "importer_gdp_million_usd": 13638.230995999998, "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 4586.650509069898, "importer_population": 2973.462, "importer_biz_entry_days": 3, "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4.2, "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003, "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774, "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.394, "scientific_collaboration": 875, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null, "tariff_advantage_pp": null }, { "year": 2018, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "export_value_usd": 53506618.66084913, "yoy_growth_pct": -3.5866971901489575, "cagr_3y_pct": 7.8683508420182235, "distance_km": 14139, "capital_distance_km": 14139, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 1, "shares_ethnic_language": 1, "shared_religion": 0, "shared_legal_system": 1, "shared_colonial_history": 0, "has_fta": 0, "rta_coverage_ratio": null, "exporter_is_wto": 1, "importer_is_wto": 1, "exporter_is_eu": 0, "importer_is_eu": 0, "importer_gdp_million_usd": 13638.230995999998, "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 4586.650509069898, "importer_population": 2973.462, "importer_biz_entry_days": 3, "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4.2, "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003, "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774, "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.394, "scientific_collaboration": 875, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null, "tariff_advantage_pp": null }, { "year": 2019, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "export_value_usd": 57885594.52791886, "yoy_growth_pct": 8.183989152493076, "cagr_3y_pct": 8.13921893490388, "distance_km": 14139, "capital_distance_km": 14139, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 1, "shares_ethnic_language": 1, "shared_religion": 0, "shared_legal_system": 1, "shared_colonial_history": 0, "has_fta": 0, "rta_coverage_ratio": null, "exporter_is_wto": 1, "importer_is_wto": 1, "exporter_is_eu": 0, "importer_is_eu": 0, "importer_gdp_million_usd": 13638.230995999998, "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 4586.650509069898, "importer_population": 2973.462, "importer_biz_entry_days": 3, "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4.2, "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003, "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774, "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.394, "scientific_collaboration": 875, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null, "tariff_advantage_pp": null }, { "year": 2020, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "export_value_usd": 58422828.89529323, "yoy_growth_pct": 0.9280968291951464, "cagr_3y_pct": 1.7272596091694847, "distance_km": 14139, "capital_distance_km": 14139, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 1, "shares_ethnic_language": 1, "shared_religion": 0, "shared_legal_system": 1, "shared_colonial_history": 0, "has_fta": 0, "rta_coverage_ratio": null, "exporter_is_wto": 1, "importer_is_wto": 1, "exporter_is_eu": 0, "importer_is_eu": 0, "importer_gdp_million_usd": 13638.230995999998, "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 4586.650509069898, "importer_population": 2973.462, "importer_biz_entry_days": 3, "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4.2, "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003, "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774, "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.394, "scientific_collaboration": 875, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null, "tariff_advantage_pp": null }, { "year": 2021, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "export_value_usd": 77621353.95702428, "yoy_growth_pct": 32.86134106265053, "cagr_3y_pct": 13.202991172651801, "distance_km": 14139, "capital_distance_km": 14139, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 1, "shares_ethnic_language": 1, "shared_religion": 0, "shared_legal_system": 1, "shared_colonial_history": 0, "has_fta": 0, "rta_coverage_ratio": null, "exporter_is_wto": 1, "importer_is_wto": 1, "exporter_is_eu": 0, "importer_is_eu": 0, "importer_gdp_million_usd": 13638.230995999998, "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 4586.650509069898, "importer_population": 2973.462, "importer_biz_entry_days": 3, "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4.2, "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003, "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774, "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.394, "scientific_collaboration": 875, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null, "tariff_advantage_pp": null }, { "year": 2022, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "export_value_usd": 93621685.7454382, "yoy_growth_pct": 20.61331189516824, "cagr_3y_pct": 17.382130078423263, "distance_km": 14139, "capital_distance_km": 14139, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 1, "shares_ethnic_language": 1, "shared_religion": 0, "shared_legal_system": 1, "shared_colonial_history": 0, "has_fta": 0, "rta_coverage_ratio": null, "exporter_is_wto": 1, "importer_is_wto": 1, "exporter_is_eu": 0, "importer_is_eu": 0, "importer_gdp_million_usd": 13638.230995999998, "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 4586.650509069898, "importer_population": 2973.462, "importer_biz_entry_days": 3, "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4.2, "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003, "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774, "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.394, "scientific_collaboration": 875, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null, "tariff_advantage_pp": null }, { "year": 2023, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "export_value_usd": 103709242.16964327, "yoy_growth_pct": 10.774807507347827, "cagr_3y_pct": 21.081639502132465, "distance_km": 14139, "capital_distance_km": 14139, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 1, "shares_ethnic_language": 1, "shared_religion": 0, "shared_legal_system": 1, "shared_colonial_history": 0, "has_fta": 0, "rta_coverage_ratio": null, "exporter_is_wto": 1, "importer_is_wto": 1, "exporter_is_eu": 0, "importer_is_eu": 0, "importer_gdp_million_usd": 13638.230995999998, "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 4586.650509069898, "importer_population": 2973.462, "importer_biz_entry_days": 3, "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4.2, "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003, "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774, "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.394, "scientific_collaboration": 875, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null, "tariff_advantage_pp": null }, { "year": 2024, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "JAM", "export_value_usd": 94170609.62762603, "yoy_growth_pct": -9.19747588784261, "cagr_3y_pct": 6.654222969029089, "distance_km": 14139, "capital_distance_km": 14139, "shares_land_border": 0, "shares_official_language": 1, "shares_ethnic_language": 1, "shared_religion": 0, "shared_legal_system": 1, "shared_colonial_history": 0, "has_fta": 0, "rta_coverage_ratio": null, "exporter_is_wto": 1, "importer_is_wto": 1, "exporter_is_eu": 0, "importer_is_eu": 0, "importer_gdp_million_usd": 13638.230995999998, "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 4586.650509069898, "importer_population": 2973.462, "importer_biz_entry_days": 3, "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4.2, "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003, "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774, "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.394, "scientific_collaboration": 875, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 15.573604838181815, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": null, "tariff_advantage_pp": null } ], "relatedAnomalies": [ { "year": 2024, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "HKG", "hs_code": "710812", "market_imports_usd": 41743878490.2161, "momentum_yoy_pct": 881312.983340332, "anomaly_z_score": 3.9915664466015692, "anomaly_type": "spike", "anomaly_severity": "99.78916116503923", "new_corridor_signal_type": "", "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0, "exporter_name": "India", "importer_name": "China, Hong Kong SAR" }, { "year": 2024, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "CHN", "hs_code": "848620", "market_imports_usd": 34193009725.873837, "momentum_yoy_pct": 32779.194222158236, "anomaly_z_score": 3.1207423798020977, "anomaly_type": "spike", "anomaly_severity": "78.01855949505244", "new_corridor_signal_type": "", "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0, "exporter_name": "India", "importer_name": "CHN" }, { "year": 2024, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "USA", "hs_code": "847330", "market_imports_usd": 32437253404.79868, "momentum_yoy_pct": -99.48236316295385, "anomaly_z_score": -2.384467431425413, "anomaly_type": "drop", "anomaly_severity": "59.61168578563532", "new_corridor_signal_type": "", "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0, "exporter_name": "India", "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands" }, { "year": 2024, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "USA", "hs_code": "710812", "market_imports_usd": 21528311466.103046, "momentum_yoy_pct": 471614.5912097896, "anomaly_z_score": 3.681367488809768, "anomaly_type": "spike", "anomaly_severity": "92.0341872202442", "new_corridor_signal_type": "", "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0, "exporter_name": "India", "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands" }, { "year": 2024, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "KOR", "hs_code": "854239", "market_imports_usd": 15909752628.038187, "momentum_yoy_pct": 963.6188028225067, "anomaly_z_score": 4.1058251398481795, "anomaly_type": "spike", "anomaly_severity": "100", "new_corridor_signal_type": "", "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0, "exporter_name": "India", "importer_name": "KOR" }, { "year": 2024, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "THA", "hs_code": "710812", "market_imports_usd": 14067731674.616661, "momentum_yoy_pct": 85725.07907115985, "anomaly_z_score": 3.8673020105047353, "anomaly_type": "spike", "anomaly_severity": "96.68255026261838", "new_corridor_signal_type": "", "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0, "exporter_name": "India", "importer_name": "Thailand" }, { "year": 2024, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "HKG", "hs_code": "847330", "market_imports_usd": 11747584627.6957, "momentum_yoy_pct": 314.3558382817881, "anomaly_z_score": 3.295197390936888, "anomaly_type": "spike", "anomaly_severity": "82.3799347734222", "new_corridor_signal_type": "", "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0, "exporter_name": "India", "importer_name": "China, Hong Kong SAR" }, { "year": 2024, "exporter_iso3": "IND", "importer_iso3": "TWN", "hs_code": "848620", "market_imports_usd": 10604578489.389444, "momentum_yoy_pct": 67816.17736874423, "anomaly_z_score": 2.998089349459092, "anomaly_type": "spike", "anomaly_severity": "74.9522337364773", "new_corridor_signal_type": "", "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0, "exporter_name": "India", "importer_name": "Taiwan" } ], "links": { "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/ind-jam-330119", "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/ind-jam-330119/index.md", "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/ind-jam-330119/index.json", "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/ind-jam-330119/index.ld.json", "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources", "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology" }, "methodology": { "summary": "Reported trade observations and calculated indicators are shown separately. An unusual movement is a research prompt, not a causal conclusion or commercial forecast.", "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology" }, "generatedAt": "2026-09-03T09:12:51.141Z", "artifactContract": { "html": "Full visual page", "markdown": "Readable page content and evidence", "json": "Complete page data", "jsonLd": "Page metadata, FAQ, and provenance" } }