{
  "template": "corridor-anomaly-watch",
  "templateName": "Trade anomaly page",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp"
  },
  "seo": {
    "title": "India to Italy trade anomaly | HS 411390 | Yugalinks",
    "description": "Reported trade anomaly for India to Italy in leather (HS 411390), with anomaly severity, market value, history, and context.",
    "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/ind-ita-411390",
    "robots": "index, follow"
  },
  "breadcrumbs": [
    {
      "name": "Home",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/"
    },
    {
      "name": "Trade data",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/"
    },
    {
      "name": "Trade anomalies",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/"
    },
    {
      "name": "IND-ITA HS 411390",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/ind-ita-411390"
    }
  ],
  "sections": [
    "overview",
    "history",
    "context",
    "related-movements",
    "faq",
    "data-source"
  ],
  "anomaly": {
    "year": 2024,
    "exporter_iso3": "IND",
    "importer_iso3": "ITA",
    "hs_code": "411390",
    "market_imports_usd": 11154991.298752576,
    "momentum_yoy_pct": 604.3473871750697,
    "anomaly_z_score": 2.256439045014338,
    "anomaly_type": "spike",
    "anomaly_severity": "56.410976125358445",
    "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
    "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0
  },
  "opportunity": {
    "exporter_iso3": "IND",
    "importer_iso3": "ITA",
    "hs_code": "411390",
    "hs_description": "Leather: further prepared after tanning or crusting, including parchment-dressed leather, of animals (other than sheep and lambs, goats and kids, swine and reptiles), without wool or hair on, whether or not split, other than leather of heading 41.14",
    "hs_chapter": "41",
    "hs_heading": "4113",
    "price_range_label": null,
    "trade_type_label": null,
    "substitution_elasticity": -11.476198,
    "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 11154991.298752574,
    "buyer_imports_avg_usd": 13117033.05377382,
    "buyer_imports_peak_usd": 26662470.247185085,
    "buyer_cagr_full_pct": 1.5995,
    "buyer_yoy_avg_pct": 7.7033,
    "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -27.1203,
    "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
    "buyer_imports_proj_3y_usd": 11698862.56,
    "buyer_imports_proj_5y_usd": 12076096.48,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 2099880.198259,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 35551,
    "buyer_population_latest": 59066.223,
    "buyer_investment_rate": 21.25,
    "buyer_savings_rate": 22.49,
    "buyer_edu_secondary": 95.34,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_2030_proj": 1953678.32,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_2030_proj": 33629.24,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_growth_pct": -5.41,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_growth_pct": -6.96,
    "buyer_pop_growth_pct": -1.65,
    "exports_latest_usd": 73596.80979401636,
    "exports_avg_usd": 537007.2620214722,
    "exports_peak_usd": 3356665.4200465526,
    "share_latest_pct": 0.6597657301825635,
    "share_avg_pct": 3.3681183385700253,
    "share_peak_pct": 12.755297317769804,
    "share_change_1y_pp": 0.5914989818520355,
    "share_trend_pp_per_yr": 0.007419,
    "cagr_full_pct": 2.9917,
    "yoy_avg_pct": 86.9055,
    "yoy_latest_pct": 604.3474,
    "trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
    "exports_proj_3y_usd": 80401.84,
    "exports_proj_5y_usd": 85284.61,
    "your_share_gap_pp": 37.2029,
    "addressable_proj_3y_usd": 4352318.13,
    "addressable_proj_5y_usd": 4492660.16,
    "peer_best_share_pct": 37.8626827876013,
    "peer_top_exporter": "ZAF",
    "num_suppliers_latest": 35,
    "buyer_herfindahl_index": 2035.28,
    "distance_km": 5922.22216796875,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "common_spoken_language_score": 0.06669999659061432,
    "has_wto_reported_fta": 0,
    "buyer_is_eu_member": 1,
    "buyer_biz_entry_days": 11,
    "shared_legal_system": 0,
    "shared_religion": 0,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "buyer_is_wto_member": 1,
    "lane_volatility_cv": 1.2891042673421147,
    "lane_max_drawdown_pct": 99.84236648627478,
    "signal_flag": "Stable",
    "lane_data_years": 30,
    "lane_last_year": 2024
  },
  "lane": {
    "exporter_iso3": "IND",
    "importer_iso3": "ITA",
    "hs_code": "411390",
    "hs_description": "Leather: further prepared after tanning or crusting, including parchment-dressed leather, of animals (other than sheep and lambs, goats and kids, swine and reptiles), without wool or hair on, whether or not split, other than leather of heading 41.14",
    "hs_chapter": "41",
    "hs_heading": "4113",
    "price_range_label": null,
    "trade_type_label": null,
    "substitution_elasticity": -11.476198,
    "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 11154991.298752574,
    "buyer_imports_avg_usd": 13117033.05377382,
    "buyer_imports_peak_usd": 26662470.247185085,
    "buyer_cagr_full_pct": 1.5995,
    "buyer_yoy_avg_pct": 7.7033,
    "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -27.1203,
    "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
    "buyer_imports_proj_3y_usd": 11698862.56,
    "buyer_imports_proj_5y_usd": 12076096.48,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 2099880.198259,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 35551,
    "buyer_population_latest": 59066.223,
    "buyer_investment_rate": 21.25,
    "buyer_savings_rate": 22.49,
    "buyer_edu_secondary": 95.34,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_2030_proj": 1953678.32,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_2030_proj": 33629.24,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_growth_pct": -5.41,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_growth_pct": -6.96,
    "buyer_pop_growth_pct": -1.65,
    "exports_latest_usd": 73596.80979401636,
    "exports_avg_usd": 537007.2620214722,
    "exports_peak_usd": 3356665.4200465526,
    "share_latest_pct": 0.6597657301825635,
    "share_avg_pct": 3.3681183385700253,
    "share_peak_pct": 12.755297317769804,
    "share_change_1y_pp": 0.5914989818520355,
    "share_trend_pp_per_yr": 0.007419,
    "cagr_full_pct": 2.9917,
    "yoy_avg_pct": 86.9055,
    "yoy_latest_pct": 604.3474,
    "trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
    "exports_proj_3y_usd": 80401.84,
    "exports_proj_5y_usd": 85284.61,
    "your_share_gap_pp": 37.2029,
    "addressable_proj_3y_usd": 4352318.13,
    "addressable_proj_5y_usd": 4492660.16,
    "peer_best_share_pct": 37.8626827876013,
    "peer_top_exporter": "ZAF",
    "num_suppliers_latest": 35,
    "buyer_herfindahl_index": 2035.28,
    "distance_km": 5922.22216796875,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "common_spoken_language_score": 0.06669999659061432,
    "has_wto_reported_fta": 0,
    "buyer_is_eu_member": 1,
    "buyer_biz_entry_days": 11,
    "shared_legal_system": 0,
    "shared_religion": 0,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "buyer_is_wto_member": 1,
    "lane_volatility_cv": 1.2891042673421147,
    "lane_max_drawdown_pct": 99.84236648627478,
    "signal_flag": "Stable",
    "lane_data_years": 30,
    "lane_last_year": 2024,
    "access_data_year": 2024,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9243141578797984,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868687,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6369810062462136,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.283432120622474,
    "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
    "buyer_macro_latest_year": 2024,
    "buyer_gdp_5y_cagr_pct": 3.3456337761183397,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_5y_cagr_pct": 3.6164129413341017,
    "buyer_population_5y_cagr_pct": -0.26132844935394806,
    "buyer_investment_5y_avg_pct": 21.387999999999998,
    "buyer_savings_5y_avg_pct": 22.601999999999997,
    "current_below_peak_usd": 3283068.6102525364,
    "current_below_peak_pct": 97.80744278668692,
    "latest_vs_historical_avg_pct": -86.29500660438487,
    "share_change_all_pp": 0.22257000000000002,
    "volatility_label": "Highly volatile",
    "drawdown_label": "Still more than 50% below historical peak",
    "competition_label": "Moderately concentrated buyer market",
    "demand_label": "Buyer demand softened recently",
    "access_label": "Standard market access",
    "macro_resilience_label": "Buyer macro trend resilient",
    "risk_driver_labels": [
      "high_volatility",
      "unrecovered_drawdown"
    ],
    "risk_driver_count": 2,
    "attention_level": "Watch",
    "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak"
  },
  "routeHistory": [
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "hs_code": "411390",
      "export_value_usd": 31303.389783082668,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "hs_code": "411390",
      "export_value_usd": 40890.869928282686,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 30.627610018073483,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "hs_code": "411390",
      "export_value_usd": 54113.65520756929,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 32.336766868686496,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "hs_code": "411390",
      "export_value_usd": 15721.182142996026,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -70.9478465598144,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -20.51266372202606
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "hs_code": "411390",
      "export_value_usd": 1396.2758965910962,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -91.11850569574914,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -67.55745141668278
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "hs_code": "411390",
      "export_value_usd": 15902.404707736698,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1038.9156503067363,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -33.51576990266254
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "hs_code": "411390",
      "export_value_usd": 59195.01451404848,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 272.2393914754883,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 55.57267191754225
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "hs_code": "411390",
      "export_value_usd": 53319.131558657806,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -9.926313902661821,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 236.7471602496523
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "hs_code": "411390",
      "export_value_usd": 202272.21163779733,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 279.3614144207736,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 133.4306111512602
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "hs_code": "411390",
      "export_value_usd": 228868.94500283897,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 13.14898035162022,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 56.95214139932367
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "hs_code": "411390",
      "export_value_usd": 219897.48671595394,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.919910709936525,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 60.36603793987461
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "hs_code": "411390",
      "export_value_usd": 566803.4204431612,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 157.75802575466113,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 40.982566742338314
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "hs_code": "411390",
      "export_value_usd": 1323639.9794153145,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 133.52716862230872,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 79.49857403735996
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "hs_code": "411390",
      "export_value_usd": 3356665.4200465526,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 153.5935354211103,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 148.06334537451136
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "hs_code": "411390",
      "export_value_usd": 457821.49616199837,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -86.36082424456684,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -6.870363899140375
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "hs_code": "411390",
      "export_value_usd": 1076031.662869771,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 135.03301437139626,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -6.670617676762225
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "hs_code": "411390",
      "export_value_usd": 1424062.2864558427,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 32.343901726634684,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -24.85957562379354
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "hs_code": "411390",
      "export_value_usd": 1623487.2931754484,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 14.003952538896858,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 52.493349759946305
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "hs_code": "411390",
      "export_value_usd": 619033.0619634247,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -61.870162793043406,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -16.830722003156882
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "hs_code": "411390",
      "export_value_usd": 460412.97648266034,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -25.623847129854326,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -31.36596632741795
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "hs_code": "411390",
      "export_value_usd": 845889.0725032085,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 83.72398601043028,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -19.532315039682423
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "hs_code": "411390",
      "export_value_usd": 689861.8129793132,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -18.44535703270993,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 3.677079150501905
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "hs_code": "411390",
      "export_value_usd": 776594.0142957348,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 12.572402136864259,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 19.037051523418747
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "hs_code": "411390",
      "export_value_usd": 601384.2569904048,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -22.561306690500494,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -10.74904329761177
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "hs_code": "411390",
      "export_value_usd": 608411.5241088686,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.1685153105988055,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -4.101508569401291
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "hs_code": "411390",
      "export_value_usd": 609747.2685622167,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.21954621180204636,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -7.7459852850556015
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "hs_code": "411390",
      "export_value_usd": 58154.771358271384,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -90.4624793981611,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -54.1001676568895
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "hs_code": "411390",
      "export_value_usd": 5291.229645618607,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -90.90146943744104,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -79.43542557393093
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "hs_code": "411390",
      "export_value_usd": 10448.936296788368,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 97.47652240799245,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -74.21854604093112
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "hs_code": "411390",
      "export_value_usd": 73596.80979401636,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 604.3473871750697,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 8.166110220914558
    }
  ],
  "corridorHistory": [
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "export_value_usd": 1178610578.38863,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "distance_km": 5927,
      "capital_distance_km": 5927,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 2099880.198259,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 35551.286193786254,
      "importer_population": 59066.223,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 13.8,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01478206191988011,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.014866264416642821,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9243141578797984,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868687,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6369810062462136,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.283432120622474
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "export_value_usd": 1139174915.5048184,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.3459450989933415,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "distance_km": 5927,
      "capital_distance_km": 5927,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 2099880.198259,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 35551.286193786254,
      "importer_population": 59066.223,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 13.8,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01478206191988011,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.014866264416642821,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9243141578797984,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868687,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6369810062462136,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.283432120622474
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "export_value_usd": 1206630495.4191723,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.9214418256797074,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "distance_km": 5927,
      "capital_distance_km": 5927,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 2099880.198259,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 35551.286193786254,
      "importer_population": 59066.223,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 13.8,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01478206191988011,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.014866264416642821,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9243141578797984,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868687,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6369810062462136,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.283432120622474
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "export_value_usd": 1233164618.6993854,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2.199026411229177,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 1.5196800417859757,
      "distance_km": 5927,
      "capital_distance_km": 5927,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 2099880.198259,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 35551.286193786254,
      "importer_population": 59066.223,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 13.8,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01478206191988011,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.014866264416642821,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9243141578797984,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868687,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6369810062462136,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.283432120622474
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "export_value_usd": 1232040432.2295854,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.09116272497224909,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 2.6466662720407763,
      "distance_km": 5927,
      "capital_distance_km": 5927,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 2099880.198259,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 35551.286193786254,
      "importer_population": 59066.223,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 13.8,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01478206191988011,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.014866264416642821,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9243141578797984,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868687,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6369810062462136,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.283432120622474
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "export_value_usd": 1362414469.8070354,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.581960962232074,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 4.130587049172307,
      "distance_km": 5927,
      "capital_distance_km": 5927,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 2099880.198259,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 35551.286193786254,
      "importer_population": 59066.223,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 13.8,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01478206191988011,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.014866264416642821,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9243141578797984,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868687,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6369810062462136,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.283432120622474
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "export_value_usd": 1364306508.1046116,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.1388739138864281,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 3.426135675139297,
      "distance_km": 5927,
      "capital_distance_km": 5927,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 2099880.198259,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 35551.286193786254,
      "importer_population": 59066.223,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 13.8,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01478206191988011,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.014866264416642821,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9243141578797984,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868687,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6369810062462136,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.283432120622474
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "export_value_usd": 1333379360.1211317,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.266876819817132,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 2.6698488369310436,
      "distance_km": 5927,
      "capital_distance_km": 5927,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 2099880.198259,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 35551.286193786254,
      "importer_population": 59066.223,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 13.8,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01478206191988011,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.014866264416642821,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9243141578797984,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868687,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6369810062462136,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.283432120622474
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "export_value_usd": 1694543560.9706836,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 27.08638003941668,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 7.54275634624364,
      "distance_km": 5927,
      "capital_distance_km": 5927,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 2099880.198259,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 35551.286193786254,
      "importer_population": 59066.223,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 13.8,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01478206191988011,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.014866264416642821,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9243141578797984,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868687,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6369810062462136,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.283432120622474
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "export_value_usd": 2214116028.0444503,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 30.66149959438875,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 17.51576759110438,
      "distance_km": 5927,
      "capital_distance_km": 5927,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 2099880.198259,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 35551.286193786254,
      "importer_population": 59066.223,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 13.8,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01478206191988011,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.014866264416642821,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9243141578797984,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868687,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6369810062462136,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.283432120622474
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "export_value_usd": 2531618329.8823113,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 14.339912534678012,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 23.82685263898121,
      "distance_km": 5927,
      "capital_distance_km": 5927,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 2099880.198259,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 35551.286193786254,
      "importer_population": 59066.223,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 13.8,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01478206191988011,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.014866264416642821,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9243141578797984,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868687,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6369810062462136,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.283432120622474
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "export_value_usd": 3412677691.979462,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 34.80221926415381,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 26.283762272076917,
      "distance_km": 5927,
      "capital_distance_km": 5927,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 2099880.198259,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 35551.286193786254,
      "importer_population": 59066.223,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 13.8,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01478206191988011,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.014866264416642821,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9243141578797984,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868687,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6369810062462136,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.283432120622474
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "export_value_usd": 4088636441.408572,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 19.807283618308304,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 22.685350062578568,
      "distance_km": 5927,
      "capital_distance_km": 5927,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 2099880.198259,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 35551.286193786254,
      "importer_population": 59066.223,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 13.8,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01478206191988011,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.014866264416642821,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9243141578797984,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868687,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6369810062462136,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.283432120622474
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "export_value_usd": 4382616393.24911,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.190171003300527,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 20.072921002932233,
      "distance_km": 5927,
      "capital_distance_km": 5927,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 2099880.198259,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 35551.286193786254,
      "importer_population": 59066.223,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 13.8,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01478206191988011,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.014866264416642821,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9243141578797984,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868687,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6369810062462136,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.283432120622474
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "export_value_usd": 3627341036.9779,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -17.233435201735215,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 2.0542366359031172,
      "distance_km": 5927,
      "capital_distance_km": 5927,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 2099880.198259,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 35551.286193786254,
      "importer_population": 59066.223,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 13.8,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01478206191988011,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.014866264416642821,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9243141578797984,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868687,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6369810062462136,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.283432120622474
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "export_value_usd": 4470988547.095524,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 23.25801465914834,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 3.024778011600504,
      "distance_km": 5927,
      "capital_distance_km": 5927,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 2099880.198259,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 35551.286193786254,
      "importer_population": 59066.223,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 13.8,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01478206191988011,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.014866264416642821,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9243141578797984,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868687,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6369810062462136,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.283432120622474
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "export_value_usd": 5921321348.982258,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 32.43875010212025,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 10.550757814855194,
      "distance_km": 5927,
      "capital_distance_km": 5927,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 2099880.198259,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 35551.286193786254,
      "importer_population": 59066.223,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 13.8,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01478206191988011,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.014866264416642821,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9243141578797984,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868687,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6369810062462136,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.283432120622474
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "export_value_usd": 4344212917.79024,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -26.634400300924167,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 6.1958562993560395,
      "distance_km": 5927,
      "capital_distance_km": 5927,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 2099880.198259,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 35551.286193786254,
      "importer_population": 59066.223,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 13.8,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01478206191988011,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.014866264416642821,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9243141578797984,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868687,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6369810062462136,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.283432120622474
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "export_value_usd": 5170001826.459412,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 19.008941879608045,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 4.9612626248575875,
      "distance_km": 5927,
      "capital_distance_km": 5927,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 2099880.198259,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 35551.286193786254,
      "importer_population": 59066.223,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 13.8,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01478206191988011,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.014866264416642821,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9243141578797984,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868687,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6369810062462136,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.283432120622474
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "export_value_usd": 5244837940.122532,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.4475065227272932,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -3.9631704691472813,
      "distance_km": 5927,
      "capital_distance_km": 5927,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 2099880.198259,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 35551.286193786254,
      "importer_population": 59066.223,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 13.8,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01478206191988011,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.014866264416642821,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9243141578797984,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868687,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6369810062462136,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.283432120622474
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "export_value_usd": 4161889290.629407,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -20.647895356473576,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -1.4190179393575808,
      "distance_km": 5927,
      "capital_distance_km": 5927,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 2099880.198259,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 35551.286193786254,
      "importer_population": 59066.223,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 13.8,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01478206191988011,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.014866264416642821,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9243141578797984,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868687,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6369810062462136,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.283432120622474
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "export_value_usd": 4430254821.672982,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 6.448166020364998,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -5.0169735399065996,
      "distance_km": 5927,
      "capital_distance_km": 5927,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 2099880.198259,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 35551.286193786254,
      "importer_population": 59066.223,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 13.8,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01478206191988011,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.014866264416642821,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9243141578797984,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868687,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6369810062462136,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.283432120622474
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "export_value_usd": 5535874158.047965,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 24.956111575484318,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 1.8164721894038838,
      "distance_km": 5927,
      "capital_distance_km": 5927,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 2099880.198259,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 35551.286193786254,
      "importer_population": 59066.223,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 13.8,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01478206191988011,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.014866264416642821,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9243141578797984,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868687,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6369810062462136,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.283432120622474
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "export_value_usd": 5943343496.99733,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.360523872404001,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 12.610815245342376,
      "distance_km": 5927,
      "capital_distance_km": 5927,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 2099880.198259,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 35551.286193786254,
      "importer_population": 59066.223,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 13.8,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01478206191988011,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.014866264416642821,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9243141578797984,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868687,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6369810062462136,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.283432120622474
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "export_value_usd": 5364713261.239945,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -9.73576970689507,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 6.587416506784183,
      "distance_km": 5927,
      "capital_distance_km": 5927,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 2099880.198259,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 35551.286193786254,
      "importer_population": 59066.223,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 13.8,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01478206191988011,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.014866264416642821,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9243141578797984,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868687,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6369810062462136,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.283432120622474
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "export_value_usd": 4382093020.311004,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -18.316360876700966,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -7.49501699292392,
      "distance_km": 5927,
      "capital_distance_km": 5927,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 2099880.198259,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 35551.286193786254,
      "importer_population": 59066.223,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 13.8,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01478206191988011,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.014866264416642821,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9243141578797984,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868687,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6369810062462136,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.283432120622474
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "export_value_usd": 7328563403.308464,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 67.23888263760192,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 7.233218092912375,
      "distance_km": 5927,
      "capital_distance_km": 5927,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 2099880.198259,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 35551.286193786254,
      "importer_population": 59066.223,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 13.8,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01478206191988011,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.014866264416642821,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9243141578797984,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868687,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6369810062462136,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.283432120622474
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "export_value_usd": 9175699816.42804,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 25.204618033128966,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 19.590742132022164,
      "distance_km": 5927,
      "capital_distance_km": 5927,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 2099880.198259,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 35551.286193786254,
      "importer_population": 59066.223,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 13.8,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01478206191988011,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.014866264416642821,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9243141578797984,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868687,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6369810062462136,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.283432120622474
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "export_value_usd": 8800834426.743742,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -4.085414706060286,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 26.167477280728146,
      "distance_km": 5927,
      "capital_distance_km": 5927,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 2099880.198259,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 35551.286193786254,
      "importer_population": 59066.223,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 13.8,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01478206191988011,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.014866264416642821,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9243141578797984,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868687,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6369810062462136,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.283432120622474
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "export_value_usd": 8661520418.55302,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -1.5829636308959283,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 5.728424662987663,
      "distance_km": 5927,
      "capital_distance_km": 5927,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 2099880.198259,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 35551.286193786254,
      "importer_population": 59066.223,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 13.8,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 3173397.5908170003,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 2277.434305882774,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.01478206191988011,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.014866264416642821,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9243141578797984,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868687,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6369810062462136,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.283432120622474
    }
  ],
  "relatedAnomalies": [
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "HKG",
      "hs_code": "710812",
      "market_imports_usd": 41743878490.2161,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 881312.983340332,
      "anomaly_z_score": 3.9915664466015692,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "99.78916116503923",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "India",
      "importer_name": "China, Hong Kong SAR"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "CHN",
      "hs_code": "848620",
      "market_imports_usd": 34193009725.873837,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 32779.194222158236,
      "anomaly_z_score": 3.1207423798020977,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "78.01855949505244",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "India",
      "importer_name": "CHN"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "847330",
      "market_imports_usd": 32437253404.79868,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": -99.48236316295385,
      "anomaly_z_score": -2.384467431425413,
      "anomaly_type": "drop",
      "anomaly_severity": "59.61168578563532",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "India",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "710812",
      "market_imports_usd": 21528311466.103046,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 471614.5912097896,
      "anomaly_z_score": 3.681367488809768,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "92.0341872202442",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "India",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "KOR",
      "hs_code": "854239",
      "market_imports_usd": 15909752628.038187,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 963.6188028225067,
      "anomaly_z_score": 4.1058251398481795,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "100",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "India",
      "importer_name": "KOR"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "THA",
      "hs_code": "710812",
      "market_imports_usd": 14067731674.616661,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 85725.07907115985,
      "anomaly_z_score": 3.8673020105047353,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "96.68255026261838",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "India",
      "importer_name": "Thailand"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "HKG",
      "hs_code": "847330",
      "market_imports_usd": 11747584627.6957,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 314.3558382817881,
      "anomaly_z_score": 3.295197390936888,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "82.3799347734222",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "India",
      "importer_name": "China, Hong Kong SAR"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "IND",
      "importer_iso3": "TWN",
      "hs_code": "848620",
      "market_imports_usd": 10604578489.389444,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 67816.17736874423,
      "anomaly_z_score": 2.998089349459092,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "74.9522337364773",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "India",
      "importer_name": "Taiwan"
    }
  ],
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/ind-ita-411390",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/ind-ita-411390/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/ind-ita-411390/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/ind-ita-411390/index.ld.json",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported trade observations and calculated indicators are shown separately. An unusual movement is a research prompt, not a causal conclusion or commercial forecast.",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "generatedAt": "2026-09-03T09:12:51.000Z",
  "artifactContract": {
    "html": "Full visual page",
    "markdown": "Readable page content and evidence",
    "json": "Complete page data",
    "jsonLd": "Page metadata, FAQ, and provenance"
  }
}