{
  "template": "corridor-anomaly-watch",
  "templateName": "Trade anomaly page",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp"
  },
  "seo": {
    "title": "China, Hong Kong SAR to Germany trade anomaly | HS 902920 | Yugalinks",
    "description": "Reported trade anomaly for China, Hong Kong SAR to Germany in meters (HS 902920), with anomaly severity, market value, history, and context.",
    "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/hkg-deu-902920",
    "robots": "index, follow"
  },
  "breadcrumbs": [
    {
      "name": "Home",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/"
    },
    {
      "name": "Trade data",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/"
    },
    {
      "name": "Trade anomalies",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/"
    },
    {
      "name": "HKG-DEU HS 902920",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/hkg-deu-902920"
    }
  ],
  "sections": [
    "overview",
    "history",
    "context",
    "related-movements",
    "faq",
    "data-source"
  ],
  "anomaly": {
    "year": 2024,
    "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
    "importer_iso3": "DEU",
    "hs_code": "902920",
    "market_imports_usd": 1107553552.6470904,
    "momentum_yoy_pct": 93.61827772445517,
    "anomaly_z_score": 3.0411019773787658,
    "anomaly_type": "spike",
    "anomaly_severity": "76.02754943446914",
    "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
    "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0
  },
  "opportunity": {
    "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
    "importer_iso3": "DEU",
    "hs_code": "902920",
    "hs_description": "Meters: speed indicators and tachometers: stroboscopes",
    "hs_chapter": "90",
    "hs_heading": "9029",
    "price_range_label": "Low price range",
    "trade_type_label": "One-way trade",
    "substitution_elasticity": -5.4703674,
    "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 1107553552.6470907,
    "buyer_imports_avg_usd": 539603579.4951288,
    "buyer_imports_peak_usd": 1152009485.575736,
    "buyer_cagr_full_pct": 7.2492,
    "buyer_yoy_avg_pct": 8.4218,
    "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -3.859,
    "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
    "buyer_imports_proj_3y_usd": 1366304504.83,
    "buyer_imports_proj_5y_usd": 1571578253.69,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 4223116.205969,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 50802,
    "buyer_population_latest": 83129.288,
    "buyer_investment_rate": 22.08,
    "buyer_savings_rate": 27.68,
    "buyer_edu_secondary": 95.9,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_2030_proj": 4391279.94,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_2030_proj": 53142.97,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_growth_pct": 4.61,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_growth_pct": 3.98,
    "buyer_pop_growth_pct": -0.6,
    "exports_latest_usd": 2563941.044513574,
    "exports_avg_usd": 7488560.586019856,
    "exports_peak_usd": 12116565.611629741,
    "share_latest_pct": 0.23149589817897898,
    "share_avg_pct": 2.4551633078154764,
    "share_peak_pct": 7.767519982223475,
    "share_change_1y_pp": 0.116546784481998,
    "share_trend_pp_per_yr": -0.259863,
    "cagr_full_pct": -4.9871,
    "yoy_avg_pct": -0.4254,
    "yoy_latest_pct": 93.6183,
    "trend_consistency_pct": 44.8276,
    "exports_proj_3y_usd": 2199154.41,
    "exports_proj_5y_usd": 1985275.8,
    "your_share_gap_pp": 53.7535,
    "addressable_proj_3y_usd": 734436795.87,
    "addressable_proj_5y_usd": 844778666.12,
    "peer_best_share_pct": 53.9850181383914,
    "peer_top_exporter": "PRT",
    "num_suppliers_latest": 77,
    "buyer_herfindahl_index": 3520.04,
    "distance_km": 9209.7021484375,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "common_spoken_language_score": 0.20160001516342163,
    "has_wto_reported_fta": 0,
    "buyer_is_eu_member": 1,
    "buyer_biz_entry_days": 8,
    "shared_legal_system": 0,
    "shared_religion": 0,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "buyer_is_wto_member": 1,
    "lane_volatility_cv": 0.41561960519688745,
    "lane_max_drawdown_pct": 89.07095677257391,
    "signal_flag": "Slowing",
    "lane_data_years": 30,
    "lane_last_year": 2024
  },
  "lane": {
    "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
    "importer_iso3": "DEU",
    "hs_code": "902920",
    "hs_description": "Meters: speed indicators and tachometers: stroboscopes",
    "hs_chapter": "90",
    "hs_heading": "9029",
    "price_range_label": "Low price range",
    "trade_type_label": "One-way trade",
    "substitution_elasticity": -5.4703674,
    "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 1107553552.6470907,
    "buyer_imports_avg_usd": 539603579.4951288,
    "buyer_imports_peak_usd": 1152009485.575736,
    "buyer_cagr_full_pct": 7.2492,
    "buyer_yoy_avg_pct": 8.4218,
    "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -3.859,
    "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
    "buyer_imports_proj_3y_usd": 1366304504.83,
    "buyer_imports_proj_5y_usd": 1571578253.69,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 4223116.205969,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 50802,
    "buyer_population_latest": 83129.288,
    "buyer_investment_rate": 22.08,
    "buyer_savings_rate": 27.68,
    "buyer_edu_secondary": 95.9,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_2030_proj": 4391279.94,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_2030_proj": 53142.97,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_growth_pct": 4.61,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_growth_pct": 3.98,
    "buyer_pop_growth_pct": -0.6,
    "exports_latest_usd": 2563941.044513574,
    "exports_avg_usd": 7488560.586019856,
    "exports_peak_usd": 12116565.611629741,
    "share_latest_pct": 0.23149589817897898,
    "share_avg_pct": 2.4551633078154764,
    "share_peak_pct": 7.767519982223475,
    "share_change_1y_pp": 0.116546784481998,
    "share_trend_pp_per_yr": -0.259863,
    "cagr_full_pct": -4.9871,
    "yoy_avg_pct": -0.4254,
    "yoy_latest_pct": 93.6183,
    "trend_consistency_pct": 44.8276,
    "exports_proj_3y_usd": 2199154.41,
    "exports_proj_5y_usd": 1985275.8,
    "your_share_gap_pp": 53.7535,
    "addressable_proj_3y_usd": 734436795.87,
    "addressable_proj_5y_usd": 844778666.12,
    "peer_best_share_pct": 53.9850181383914,
    "peer_top_exporter": "PRT",
    "num_suppliers_latest": 77,
    "buyer_herfindahl_index": 3520.04,
    "distance_km": 9209.7021484375,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "common_spoken_language_score": 0.20160001516342163,
    "has_wto_reported_fta": 0,
    "buyer_is_eu_member": 1,
    "buyer_biz_entry_days": 8,
    "shared_legal_system": 0,
    "shared_religion": 0,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "buyer_is_wto_member": 1,
    "lane_volatility_cv": 0.41561960519688745,
    "lane_max_drawdown_pct": 89.07095677257391,
    "signal_flag": "Slowing",
    "lane_data_years": 30,
    "lane_last_year": 2024,
    "access_data_year": 2024,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 2.122928309421811,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.9886662689925425,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.889597413723507,
    "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
    "buyer_macro_latest_year": 2024,
    "buyer_gdp_5y_cagr_pct": 3.422772294996279,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_5y_cagr_pct": 3.3176380750794765,
    "buyer_population_5y_cagr_pct": 0.10175824948728263,
    "buyer_investment_5y_avg_pct": 22.237999999999996,
    "buyer_savings_5y_avg_pct": 27.802,
    "current_below_peak_usd": 9552624.567116167,
    "current_below_peak_pct": 78.8393747312964,
    "latest_vs_historical_avg_pct": -65.76189756279585,
    "share_change_all_pp": -7.79589,
    "volatility_label": "Stable",
    "drawdown_label": "Still more than 50% below historical peak",
    "competition_label": "Concentrated buyer market",
    "demand_label": "Buyer demand softened recently",
    "access_label": "Long-distance market without reported FTA",
    "macro_resilience_label": "Buyer macro trend resilient",
    "risk_driver_labels": [
      "unrecovered_drawdown",
      "concentrated_buyer_market",
      "dominant_supplier",
      "long_distance_without_fta"
    ],
    "risk_driver_count": 4,
    "attention_level": "High attention",
    "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak"
  },
  "routeHistory": [
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "902920",
      "export_value_usd": 11303520.113197323,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "902920",
      "export_value_usd": 10012444.06442791,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -11.421893674184103,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "902920",
      "export_value_usd": 8172593.3562421445,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -18.375640316657204,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "902920",
      "export_value_usd": 12116565.611629741,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 48.258515791382564,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 2.3423242118655985
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "902920",
      "export_value_usd": 7900229.687814799,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -34.79811077627485,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -7.59406373536854
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "902920",
      "export_value_usd": 6928350.6086740745,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -12.301909153853297,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -5.356675123158039
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "902920",
      "export_value_usd": 7924022.258964924,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 14.370976680139425,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -13.19953545251048
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "902920",
      "export_value_usd": 6941076.299692626,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -12.404633999610892,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -4.222749208313337
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "902920",
      "export_value_usd": 9724532.22968628,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 40.101214996252324,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 11.964313346854505
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "902920",
      "export_value_usd": 9013871.907288024,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -7.307912664722416,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 4.38911886734259
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "902920",
      "export_value_usd": 9143392.58815271,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.436903943131962,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 9.62093861152935
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "902920",
      "export_value_usd": 5996988.022679768,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -34.41178463177669,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -14.881984987242202
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "902920",
      "export_value_usd": 8446249.511626868,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 40.84152710801383,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -2.1447400704388997
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "902920",
      "export_value_usd": 10034176.138417112,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 18.800375534778468,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 3.1473601694445907
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "902920",
      "export_value_usd": 7980718.932993857,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -20.464631845172953,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 9.994155960803376
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "902920",
      "export_value_usd": 11070685.089272032,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 38.71789223779889,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 9.438516372129024
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "902920",
      "export_value_usd": 9805977.696688749,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -11.423930699725515,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -0.7638911175379293
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "902920",
      "export_value_usd": 10951830.305012867,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 11.685245915978836,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 11.125799015386729
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "902920",
      "export_value_usd": 11096342.660879303,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.319526981716379,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 0.07719418577354364
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "902920",
      "export_value_usd": 11428084.518446276,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2.98965044344337,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 5.2351555898868085
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "902920",
      "export_value_usd": 7529848.973781808,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -34.11101430316039,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -11.739472262138229
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "902920",
      "export_value_usd": 6621797.842962165,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -12.05935383274469,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -15.809061094777343
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "902920",
      "export_value_usd": 5377569.649098545,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -18.789884912992637,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -22.219475612472795
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "902920",
      "export_value_usd": 4310116.769274515,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -19.850098640804582,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -16.97014932870551
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "902920",
      "export_value_usd": 2553018.318442852,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -40.76684101362341,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -27.2176616782937
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "902920",
      "export_value_usd": 2653298.6731679775,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.9279136385628854,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -20.980665945685452
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "902920",
      "export_value_usd": 2619305.133001799,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -1.2811803100022168,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -15.296955748582619
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "902920",
      "export_value_usd": 3112044.881190595,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 18.811849829198856,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 6.822803987837744
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "902920",
      "export_value_usd": 1324224.6933744585,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -57.448406307435995,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -20.67833029944559
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "hs_code": "902920",
      "export_value_usd": 2563941.044513574,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 93.61827772445517,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -0.7095878173287273
    }
  ],
  "corridorHistory": [
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 3891149747.343439,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "distance_km": 8768,
      "capital_distance_km": 8768,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 368139.247671,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 49660.63423817296,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.0169565995247172,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.016975984195194478,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 2.122928309421811,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.9886662689925425,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.889597413723507
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 3742541315.1704044,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.8191393758231107,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "distance_km": 8768,
      "capital_distance_km": 8768,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 368139.247671,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 49660.63423817296,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.0169565995247172,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.016975984195194478,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 2.122928309421811,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.9886662689925425,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.889597413723507
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 3493908268.314597,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -6.643428246148475,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "distance_km": 8768,
      "capital_distance_km": 8768,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 368139.247671,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 49660.63423817296,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.0169565995247172,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.016975984195194478,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 2.122928309421811,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.9886662689925425,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.889597413723507
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 3509195140.8169026,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.43752930324296724,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -3.3853040241633825,
      "distance_km": 8768,
      "capital_distance_km": 8768,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 368139.247671,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 49660.63423817296,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.0169565995247172,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.016975984195194478,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 2.122928309421811,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.9886662689925425,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.889597413723507
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 3527856460.8103447,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.5317834786781939,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -1.9498864274978045,
      "distance_km": 8768,
      "capital_distance_km": 8768,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 368139.247671,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 49660.63423817296,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.0169565995247172,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.016975984195194478,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 2.122928309421811,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.9886662689925425,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.889597413723507
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 3238670284.046569,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -8.197220606230394,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -2.496902504118459,
      "distance_km": 8768,
      "capital_distance_km": 8768,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 368139.247671,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 49660.63423817296,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.0169565995247172,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.016975984195194478,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 2.122928309421811,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.9886662689925425,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.889597413723507
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 4020090423.1684465,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 24.127807729335427,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 4.634788498591069,
      "distance_km": 8768,
      "capital_distance_km": 8768,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 368139.247671,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 49660.63423817296,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.0169565995247172,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.016975984195194478,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 2.122928309421811,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.9886662689925425,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.889597413723507
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 3688350425.852169,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -8.252053123094072,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 1.4940126898880246,
      "distance_km": 8768,
      "capital_distance_km": 8768,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 368139.247671,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 49660.63423817296,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.0169565995247172,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.016975984195194478,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 2.122928309421811,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.9886662689925425,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.889597413723507
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 4877877429.508136,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 32.250921585931856,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 14.627296309607374,
      "distance_km": 8768,
      "capital_distance_km": 8768,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 368139.247671,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 49660.63423817296,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.0169565995247172,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.016975984195194478,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 2.122928309421811,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.9886662689925425,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.889597413723507
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 3462090826.5511613,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -29.024644907892583,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -4.859036514189907,
      "distance_km": 8768,
      "capital_distance_km": 8768,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 368139.247671,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 49660.63423817296,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.0169565995247172,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.016975984195194478,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 2.122928309421811,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.9886662689925425,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.889597413723507
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 3425494546.2105017,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -1.0570571996551537,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -2.4343292177708586,
      "distance_km": 8768,
      "capital_distance_km": 8768,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 368139.247671,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 49660.63423817296,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.0169565995247172,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.016975984195194478,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 2.122928309421811,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.9886662689925425,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.889597413723507
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 3770351269.5285115,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.067355783692955,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -8.226567209929225,
      "distance_km": 8768,
      "capital_distance_km": 8768,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 368139.247671,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 49660.63423817296,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.0169565995247172,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.016975984195194478,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 2.122928309421811,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.9886662689925425,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.889597413723507
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 3420638819.539719,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -9.27532807924617,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -0.4007073078849954,
      "distance_km": 8768,
      "capital_distance_km": 8768,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 368139.247671,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 49660.63423817296,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.0169565995247172,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.016975984195194478,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 2.122928309421811,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.9886662689925425,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.889597413723507
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 3719133469.1186523,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 8.726283753603049,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 2.7794196944206817,
      "distance_km": 8768,
      "capital_distance_km": 8768,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 368139.247671,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 49660.63423817296,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.0169565995247172,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.016975984195194478,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 2.122928309421811,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.9886662689925425,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.889597413723507
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 5356933586.473952,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 44.03714281712563,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 12.420319740984741,
      "distance_km": 8768,
      "capital_distance_km": 8768,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 368139.247671,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 49660.63423817296,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.0169565995247172,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.016975984195194478,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 2.122928309421811,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.9886662689925425,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.889597413723507
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 3031898189.4341135,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -43.40235620823193,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -3.941500611430515,
      "distance_km": 8768,
      "capital_distance_km": 8768,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 368139.247671,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 49660.63423817296,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.0169565995247172,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.016975984195194478,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 2.122928309421811,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.9886662689925425,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.889597413723507
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 3377989234.4303045,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 11.414995602500323,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -3.156123403396416,
      "distance_km": 8768,
      "capital_distance_km": 8768,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 368139.247671,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 49660.63423817296,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.0169565995247172,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.016975984195194478,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 2.122928309421811,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.9886662689925425,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.889597413723507
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 2857645364.8528657,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -15.403952868582616,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -18.898163279580547,
      "distance_km": 8768,
      "capital_distance_km": 8768,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 368139.247671,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 49660.63423817296,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.0169565995247172,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.016975984195194478,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 2.122928309421811,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.9886662689925425,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.889597413723507
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 2857641998.4620824,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.00011780295849916911,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -1.9537317052599978,
      "distance_km": 8768,
      "capital_distance_km": 8768,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 368139.247671,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 49660.63423817296,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.0169565995247172,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.016975984195194478,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 2.122928309421811,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.9886662689925425,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.889597413723507
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 2773664242.2446775,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.938708076889962,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -6.35917983968648,
      "distance_km": 8768,
      "capital_distance_km": 8768,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 368139.247671,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 49660.63423817296,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.0169565995247172,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.016975984195194478,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 2.122928309421811,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.9886662689925425,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.889597413723507
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 2598381420.5449104,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -6.319540016058822,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -3.120581468384187,
      "distance_km": 8768,
      "capital_distance_km": 8768,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 368139.247671,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 49660.63423817296,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.0169565995247172,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.016975984195194478,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 2.122928309421811,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.9886662689925425,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.889597413723507
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 2345181937.935743,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -9.74450789276613,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -6.3754865955672475,
      "distance_km": 8768,
      "capital_distance_km": 8768,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 368139.247671,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 49660.63423817296,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.0169565995247172,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.016975984195194478,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 2.122928309421811,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.9886662689925425,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.889597413723507
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 2114019518.0827131,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -9.856907735546594,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -8.654946392248508,
      "distance_km": 8768,
      "capital_distance_km": 8768,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 368139.247671,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 49660.63423817296,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.0169565995247172,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.016975984195194478,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 2.122928309421811,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.9886662689925425,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.889597413723507
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 2344949778.9216294,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.923752541715226,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -3.3629758148164157,
      "distance_km": 8768,
      "capital_distance_km": 8768,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 368139.247671,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 49660.63423817296,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.0169565995247172,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.016975984195194478,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 2.122928309421811,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.9886662689925425,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.889597413723507
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 2056387076.4632022,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -12.30570927583483,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -4.285858487214456,
      "distance_km": 8768,
      "capital_distance_km": 8768,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 368139.247671,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 49660.63423817296,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.0169565995247172,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.016975984195194478,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 2.122928309421811,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.9886662689925425,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.889597413723507
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 2345267569.7121854,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 14.047962883808385,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 3.520843454705136,
      "distance_km": 8768,
      "capital_distance_km": 8768,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 368139.247671,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 49660.63423817296,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.0169565995247172,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.016975984195194478,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 2.122928309421811,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.9886662689925425,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.889597413723507
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 2312067396.9643536,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -1.4156240923890007,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -0.46962327555150063,
      "distance_km": 8768,
      "capital_distance_km": 8768,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 368139.247671,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 49660.63423817296,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.0169565995247172,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.016975984195194478,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 2.122928309421811,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.9886662689925425,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.889597413723507
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 2044703707.6301537,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -11.563836317454978,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -0.18974322224584173,
      "distance_km": 8768,
      "capital_distance_km": 8768,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 368139.247671,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 49660.63423817296,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.0169565995247172,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.016975984195194478,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 2.122928309421811,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.9886662689925425,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.889597413723507
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 1622794996.6889634,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -20.634222423853753,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -11.551510484730198,
      "distance_km": 8768,
      "capital_distance_km": 8768,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 368139.247671,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 49660.63423817296,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.0169565995247172,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.016975984195194478,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 2.122928309421811,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.9886662689925425,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.889597413723507
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "export_value_usd": 1482651274.8382254,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -8.635947370843356,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -13.765805992815716,
      "distance_km": 8768,
      "capital_distance_km": 8768,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "importer_population": 83129.288,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 8,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 6.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 368139.247671,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 49660.63423817296,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.0169565995247172,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.016975984195194478,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 2.122928309421811,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.8782636827160495,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.9886662689925425,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.889597413723507
    }
  ],
  "relatedAnomalies": [
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "870324",
      "market_imports_usd": 31336665700.53201,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 4199.225935387249,
      "anomaly_z_score": 2.785847869465318,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "69.64619673663294",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "China, Hong Kong SAR",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "711590",
      "market_imports_usd": 19657187156.543285,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 1965187.101244237,
      "anomaly_z_score": 5.289258639598066,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "100",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "China, Hong Kong SAR",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MEX",
      "hs_code": "847330",
      "market_imports_usd": 17298863873.563595,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 165.98943006782721,
      "anomaly_z_score": 2.3423780079992094,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "58.55945019998023",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "China, Hong Kong SAR",
      "importer_name": "Mexico"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "293719",
      "market_imports_usd": 16404450061.94928,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 20700.272918609964,
      "anomaly_z_score": 2.13582620432615,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "53.39565510815375",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "China, Hong Kong SAR",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "MYS",
      "hs_code": "854232",
      "market_imports_usd": 10569172477.76522,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 226.8940775002906,
      "anomaly_z_score": 2.1456013307014405,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "53.64003326753601",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "China, Hong Kong SAR",
      "importer_name": "Malaysia"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "847989",
      "market_imports_usd": 8970388530.849066,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 2714.10930783675,
      "anomaly_z_score": 5.255890370538122,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "100",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "China, Hong Kong SAR",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "CHN",
      "hs_code": "847150",
      "market_imports_usd": 8592849575.361645,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 1002.1586685620857,
      "anomaly_z_score": 4.987080725196984,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "100",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "China, Hong Kong SAR",
      "importer_name": "CHN"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "FRA",
      "hs_code": "711319",
      "market_imports_usd": 6820508517.768291,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 113.50025365396176,
      "anomaly_z_score": 2.584937783626439,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "64.62344459066097",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "China, Hong Kong SAR",
      "importer_name": "France"
    }
  ],
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/hkg-deu-902920",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/hkg-deu-902920/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/hkg-deu-902920/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/hkg-deu-902920/index.ld.json",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported trade observations and calculated indicators are shown separately. An unusual movement is a research prompt, not a causal conclusion or commercial forecast.",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "generatedAt": "2026-09-03T09:11:28.505Z",
  "artifactContract": {
    "html": "Full visual page",
    "markdown": "Readable page content and evidence",
    "json": "Complete page data",
    "jsonLd": "Page metadata, FAQ, and provenance"
  }
}