{
  "template": "corridor-anomaly-watch",
  "templateName": "Trade anomaly page",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp"
  },
  "seo": {
    "title": "Germany to Japan trade anomaly | HS 847150 | Yugalinks",
    "description": "Reported trade anomaly for Germany to Japan in digital processing units (HS 847150), with anomaly severity, market value, history, and context.",
    "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/deu-jpn-847150",
    "robots": "index, follow"
  },
  "breadcrumbs": [
    {
      "name": "Home",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/"
    },
    {
      "name": "Trade data",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/"
    },
    {
      "name": "Trade anomalies",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/"
    },
    {
      "name": "DEU-JPN HS 847150",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/deu-jpn-847150"
    }
  ],
  "sections": [
    "overview",
    "history",
    "context",
    "related-movements",
    "faq",
    "data-source"
  ],
  "anomaly": {
    "year": 2024,
    "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
    "importer_iso3": "JPN",
    "hs_code": "847150",
    "market_imports_usd": 6170919649.945837,
    "momentum_yoy_pct": 146.468395528693,
    "anomaly_z_score": 4.0786786272109765,
    "anomaly_type": "spike",
    "anomaly_severity": "100",
    "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
    "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0
  },
  "opportunity": {
    "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
    "importer_iso3": "JPN",
    "hs_code": "847150",
    "hs_description": "Digital processing units: other than those of subheadings 8471.41 or 8471.49, whether or not containing in the same housing one or two of the following types of unit: storage units, input units or output units",
    "hs_chapter": "84",
    "hs_heading": "8471",
    "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
    "trade_type_label": "One-way trade",
    "substitution_elasticity": -11.105368,
    "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 6170919649.945838,
    "buyer_imports_avg_usd": 2940756115.166413,
    "buyer_imports_peak_usd": 6170919649.945838,
    "buyer_cagr_full_pct": 2.0744,
    "buyer_yoy_avg_pct": 4.5969,
    "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 75.8437,
    "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
    "buyer_imports_proj_3y_usd": 6562968937.44,
    "buyer_imports_proj_5y_usd": 6838076999.76,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 4937421.880462,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 39285,
    "buyer_population_latest": 125681.595,
    "buyer_investment_rate": 24.79,
    "buyer_savings_rate": 24.61,
    "buyer_edu_secondary": 95.24,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_2030_proj": 5212707.45,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_2030_proj": 42775.62,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_growth_pct": 8.89,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_growth_pct": 5.58,
    "buyer_pop_growth_pct": -3.04,
    "exports_latest_usd": 114913247.54936965,
    "exports_avg_usd": 33172270.278320365,
    "exports_peak_usd": 114913247.54936965,
    "share_latest_pct": 1.8621737774592195,
    "share_avg_pct": 1.110811397194263,
    "share_peak_pct": 1.8621737774592195,
    "share_change_1y_pp": 0.5335998551293872,
    "share_trend_pp_per_yr": 0.048177,
    "cagr_full_pct": 7.0764,
    "yoy_avg_pct": 10.8635,
    "yoy_latest_pct": 146.4684,
    "trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
    "exports_proj_3y_usd": 141075550.8,
    "exports_proj_5y_usd": 161748225.7,
    "your_share_gap_pp": 28.9931,
    "addressable_proj_3y_usd": 1902808362.57,
    "addressable_proj_5y_usd": 1982570727.22,
    "peer_best_share_pct": 30.85527706211363,
    "peer_top_exporter": "USA",
    "num_suppliers_latest": 63,
    "buyer_herfindahl_index": 2040.93,
    "distance_km": 9298.3408203125,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "common_spoken_language_score": 0.06719999760389328,
    "has_wto_reported_fta": 1,
    "buyer_is_eu_member": 0,
    "buyer_biz_entry_days": 11.1,
    "shared_legal_system": 1,
    "shared_religion": 0,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "buyer_is_wto_member": 1,
    "lane_volatility_cv": 0.6010334908879291,
    "lane_max_drawdown_pct": 51.50307533588444,
    "signal_flag": "Growing",
    "lane_data_years": 30,
    "lane_last_year": 2024
  },
  "lane": {
    "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
    "importer_iso3": "JPN",
    "hs_code": "847150",
    "hs_description": "Digital processing units: other than those of subheadings 8471.41 or 8471.49, whether or not containing in the same housing one or two of the following types of unit: storage units, input units or output units",
    "hs_chapter": "84",
    "hs_heading": "8471",
    "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
    "trade_type_label": "One-way trade",
    "substitution_elasticity": -11.105368,
    "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 6170919649.945838,
    "buyer_imports_avg_usd": 2940756115.166413,
    "buyer_imports_peak_usd": 6170919649.945838,
    "buyer_cagr_full_pct": 2.0744,
    "buyer_yoy_avg_pct": 4.5969,
    "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 75.8437,
    "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
    "buyer_imports_proj_3y_usd": 6562968937.44,
    "buyer_imports_proj_5y_usd": 6838076999.76,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 4937421.880462,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 39285,
    "buyer_population_latest": 125681.595,
    "buyer_investment_rate": 24.79,
    "buyer_savings_rate": 24.61,
    "buyer_edu_secondary": 95.24,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_2030_proj": 5212707.45,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_2030_proj": 42775.62,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_growth_pct": 8.89,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_growth_pct": 5.58,
    "buyer_pop_growth_pct": -3.04,
    "exports_latest_usd": 114913247.54936965,
    "exports_avg_usd": 33172270.278320365,
    "exports_peak_usd": 114913247.54936965,
    "share_latest_pct": 1.8621737774592195,
    "share_avg_pct": 1.110811397194263,
    "share_peak_pct": 1.8621737774592195,
    "share_change_1y_pp": 0.5335998551293872,
    "share_trend_pp_per_yr": 0.048177,
    "cagr_full_pct": 7.0764,
    "yoy_avg_pct": 10.8635,
    "yoy_latest_pct": 146.4684,
    "trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
    "exports_proj_3y_usd": 141075550.8,
    "exports_proj_5y_usd": 161748225.7,
    "your_share_gap_pp": 28.9931,
    "addressable_proj_3y_usd": 1902808362.57,
    "addressable_proj_5y_usd": 1982570727.22,
    "peer_best_share_pct": 30.85527706211363,
    "peer_top_exporter": "USA",
    "num_suppliers_latest": 63,
    "buyer_herfindahl_index": 2040.93,
    "distance_km": 9298.3408203125,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "common_spoken_language_score": 0.06719999760389328,
    "has_wto_reported_fta": 1,
    "buyer_is_eu_member": 0,
    "buyer_biz_entry_days": 11.1,
    "shared_legal_system": 1,
    "shared_religion": 0,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "buyer_is_wto_member": 1,
    "lane_volatility_cv": 0.6010334908879291,
    "lane_max_drawdown_pct": 51.50307533588444,
    "signal_flag": "Growing",
    "lane_data_years": 30,
    "lane_last_year": 2024,
    "access_data_year": 2024,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 3.9911157261893004,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.055881952930041,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.018795008034722,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.0370869448953193,
    "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
    "buyer_macro_latest_year": 2024,
    "buyer_gdp_5y_cagr_pct": -4.67885267787802,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_5y_cagr_pct": -4.27363742210356,
    "buyer_population_5y_cagr_pct": -0.4233058113377264,
    "buyer_investment_5y_avg_pct": 24.977999999999998,
    "buyer_savings_5y_avg_pct": 24.869999999999997,
    "current_below_peak_usd": 0,
    "current_below_peak_pct": 0,
    "latest_vs_historical_avg_pct": 246.41357551120296,
    "share_change_all_pp": 1.4453099999999999,
    "volatility_label": "Variable",
    "drawdown_label": "Recovered after a severe historical decline",
    "competition_label": "Moderately concentrated buyer market",
    "demand_label": "Buyer demand stable or growing",
    "access_label": "Reported FTA available",
    "macro_resilience_label": "Buyer economy and income contracted",
    "risk_driver_labels": [
      "buyer_macro_weakness"
    ],
    "risk_driver_count": 1,
    "attention_level": "Watch",
    "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer macroeconomic trend has weakened"
  },
  "routeHistory": [
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "847150",
      "export_value_usd": 15821491.483453399,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "847150",
      "export_value_usd": 11574992.016004711,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -26.840070494553604,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "847150",
      "export_value_usd": 12687678.611738482,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.61284979026562,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "847150",
      "export_value_usd": 13630095.280985305,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.427810067437468,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -4.848167497591405
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "847150",
      "export_value_usd": 13072376.037703753,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -4.091822043677129,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 4.138490290171837
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "847150",
      "export_value_usd": 21503759.168981493,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 64.49770957444679,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 19.22776588734947
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "847150",
      "export_value_usd": 30074328.77040724,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 39.85614577468171,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 30.186419785435348
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "847150",
      "export_value_usd": 28268671.23727012,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -6.003982821767462,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 29.31541193981029
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "847150",
      "export_value_usd": 18477012.314162124,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -34.63784640219817,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -4.93095742092835
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "847150",
      "export_value_usd": 16911749.90270356,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -8.471404277080186,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -17.4600499981732
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "847150",
      "export_value_usd": 14585124.56702283,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -13.757448809651507,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -19.794974260191857
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "847150",
      "export_value_usd": 19668477.511985492,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 34.85299643210587,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 2.1048406246975127
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "847150",
      "export_value_usd": 20904115.524624247,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 6.2823266919658005,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 7.320103566315783
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "847150",
      "export_value_usd": 26860522.1376914,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 28.49394228639206,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 22.57486849514343
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "847150",
      "export_value_usd": 25395957.547917522,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -5.452479971410396,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 8.8924952325103
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "847150",
      "export_value_usd": 24673472.98390028,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.844880184785503,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 5.681628222061175
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "847150",
      "export_value_usd": 36387054.9325625,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 47.4743946922489,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 10.64814869371764
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "847150",
      "export_value_usd": 40383231.93108251,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.982413954430426,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 16.720057707068303
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "847150",
      "export_value_usd": 38863969.35511102,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.7621123999293737,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 16.351581370492042
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "847150",
      "export_value_usd": 43146358.50110451,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 11.018918594917837,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 5.8438788675879705
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "847150",
      "export_value_usd": 38393817.80633657,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -11.01492886044203,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -1.6698408365285577
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "847150",
      "export_value_usd": 37556900.47204902,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.1798231645236976,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -1.1338711663660184
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "847150",
      "export_value_usd": 44123545.14367693,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 17.48452238894156,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 0.7493107584708003
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "847150",
      "export_value_usd": 46973504.2947344,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 6.459043899979755,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 6.954046483914245
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "847150",
      "export_value_usd": 57087412.45932307,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 21.531091444932727,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 14.978561745251294
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "847150",
      "export_value_usd": 47695976.71100691,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -16.45097464350467,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 2.629083182438463
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "847150",
      "export_value_usd": 44181264.78856128,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -7.3689903526695915,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -2.0220395743800745
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "847150",
      "export_value_usd": 44728071.196436174,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.237643174073333,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -7.810823131407229
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "847150",
      "export_value_usd": 46623928.11170463,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.238628817554546,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -0.7549081634885657
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "847150",
      "export_value_usd": 114913247.54936965,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 146.468395528693,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 37.52362707486305
    }
  ],
  "corridorHistory": [
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 13110519427.242168,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "distance_km": 8938,
      "capital_distance_km": 8938,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "importer_population": 125681.595,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11.1,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 7.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.009636191534344382,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.009747910345294503,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 3.9911157261893004,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.055881952930041,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.018795008034722,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.0370869448953193
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 13761092964.39102,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.96222549197427,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "distance_km": 8938,
      "capital_distance_km": 8938,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "importer_population": 125681.595,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11.1,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 7.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.009636191534344382,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.009747910345294503,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 3.9911157261893004,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.055881952930041,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.018795008034722,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.0370869448953193
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 11788861002.400043,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -14.331942725003277,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "distance_km": 8938,
      "capital_distance_km": 8938,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "importer_population": 125681.595,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11.1,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 7.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.009636191534344382,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.009747910345294503,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 3.9911157261893004,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.055881952930041,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.018795008034722,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.0370869448953193
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 10318055369.340868,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -12.47623186633332,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -7.673582272198387,
      "distance_km": 8938,
      "capital_distance_km": 8938,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "importer_population": 125681.595,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11.1,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 7.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.009636191534344382,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.009747910345294503,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 3.9911157261893004,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.055881952930041,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.018795008034722,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.0370869448953193
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 10981104621.610464,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 6.42610674720534,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -7.246344722154696,
      "distance_km": 8938,
      "capital_distance_km": 8938,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "importer_population": 125681.595,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11.1,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 7.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.009636191534344382,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.009747910345294503,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 3.9911157261893004,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.055881952930041,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.018795008034722,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.0370869448953193
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 12172476191.507708,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.849287125018936,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 1.0731254716797256,
      "distance_km": 8938,
      "capital_distance_km": 8938,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "importer_population": 125681.595,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11.1,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 7.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.009636191534344382,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.009747910345294503,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 3.9911157261893004,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.055881952930041,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.018795008034722,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.0370869448953193
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 11773277498.108221,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.2795191965788617,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 4.496042283591795,
      "distance_km": 8938,
      "capital_distance_km": 8938,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "importer_population": 125681.595,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11.1,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 7.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.009636191534344382,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.009747910345294503,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 3.9911157261893004,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.055881952930041,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.018795008034722,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.0370869448953193
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 11822486307.805315,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.41797035451682785,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 2.491440429850411,
      "distance_km": 8938,
      "capital_distance_km": 8938,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "importer_population": 125681.595,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11.1,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 7.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.009636191534344382,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.009747910345294503,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 3.9911157261893004,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.055881952930041,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.018795008034722,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.0370869448953193
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 13423740188.406528,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 13.544138169515584,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 3.3153539903884477,
      "distance_km": 8938,
      "capital_distance_km": 8938,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "importer_population": 125681.595,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11.1,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 7.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.009636191534344382,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.009747910345294503,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 3.9911157261893004,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.055881952930041,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.018795008034722,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.0370869448953193
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 15895810609.732151,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 18.415660513607346,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 10.525316290982033,
      "distance_km": 8938,
      "capital_distance_km": 8938,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "importer_population": 125681.595,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11.1,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 7.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.009636191534344382,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.009747910345294503,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 3.9911157261893004,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.055881952930041,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.018795008034722,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.0370869448953193
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 16710687761.54909,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.1263642466778725,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 12.226435255185187,
      "distance_km": 8938,
      "capital_distance_km": 8938,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "importer_population": 125681.595,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11.1,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 7.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.009636191534344382,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.009747910345294503,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 3.9911157261893004,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.055881952930041,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.018795008034722,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.0370869448953193
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 17365683641.125782,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.9196225129872975,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 8.961427015423972,
      "distance_km": 8938,
      "capital_distance_km": 8938,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "importer_population": 125681.595,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11.1,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 7.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.009636191534344382,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.009747910345294503,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 3.9911157261893004,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.055881952930041,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.018795008034722,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.0370869448953193
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 17974010256.948265,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.5030386847646477,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 4.1807393354498235,
      "distance_km": 8938,
      "capital_distance_km": 8938,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "importer_population": 125681.595,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11.1,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 7.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.009636191534344382,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.009747910345294503,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 3.9911157261893004,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.055881952930041,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.018795008034722,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.0370869448953193
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 19252919684.641808,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.115326014678058,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 4.833662380126369,
      "distance_km": 8938,
      "capital_distance_km": 8938,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "importer_population": 125681.595,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11.1,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 7.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.009636191534344382,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.009747910345294503,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 3.9911157261893004,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.055881952930041,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.018795008034722,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.0370869448953193
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 15617994242.120382,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -18.879866025832083,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -3.47396705621974,
      "distance_km": 8938,
      "capital_distance_km": 8938,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "importer_population": 125681.595,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11.1,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 7.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.009636191534344382,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.009747910345294503,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 3.9911157261893004,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.055881952930041,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.018795008034722,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.0370869448953193
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 17865751291.04821,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 14.39209807662638,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -0.20117389034890465,
      "distance_km": 8938,
      "capital_distance_km": 8938,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "importer_population": 125681.595,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11.1,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 7.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.009636191534344382,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.009747910345294503,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 3.9911157261893004,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.055881952930041,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.018795008034722,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.0370869448953193
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 21618837423.8694,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 21.007155376117346,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 3.9390106915709877,
      "distance_km": 8938,
      "capital_distance_km": 8938,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "importer_population": 125681.595,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11.1,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 7.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.009636191534344382,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.009747910345294503,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 3.9911157261893004,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.055881952930041,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.018795008034722,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.0370869448953193
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 22688162944.25857,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.946267458436626,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 13.255166982474066,
      "distance_km": 8938,
      "capital_distance_km": 8938,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "importer_population": 125681.595,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11.1,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 7.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.009636191534344382,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.009747910345294503,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 3.9911157261893004,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.055881952930041,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.018795008034722,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.0370869448953193
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 22626667160.695335,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.2710478751158596,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 8.193150719407893,
      "distance_km": 8938,
      "capital_distance_km": 8938,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "importer_population": 125681.595,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11.1,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 7.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.009636191534344382,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.009747910345294503,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 3.9911157261893004,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.055881952930041,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.018795008034722,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.0370869448953193
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 22753554588.50552,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.5607870876829901,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 1.7198330964957043,
      "distance_km": 8938,
      "capital_distance_km": 8938,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "importer_population": 125681.595,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11.1,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 7.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.009636191534344382,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.009747910345294503,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 3.9911157261893004,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.055881952930041,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.018795008034722,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.0370869448953193
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 19053839855.568874,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -16.259941797426414,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -5.653080202941307,
      "distance_km": 8938,
      "capital_distance_km": 8938,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "importer_population": 125681.595,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11.1,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 7.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.009636191534344382,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.009747910345294503,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 3.9911157261893004,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.055881952930041,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.018795008034722,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.0370869448953193
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 20636795747.16018,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 8.307805164682613,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -3.021850582040797,
      "distance_km": 8938,
      "capital_distance_km": 8938,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "importer_population": 125681.595,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11.1,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 7.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.009636191534344382,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.009747910345294503,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 3.9911157261893004,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.055881952930041,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.018795008034722,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.0370869448953193
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 22187236272.467808,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.512990603306147,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -0.8366206199728721,
      "distance_km": 8938,
      "capital_distance_km": 8938,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "importer_population": 125681.595,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11.1,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 7.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.009636191534344382,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.009747910345294503,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 3.9911157261893004,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.055881952930041,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.018795008034722,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.0370869448953193
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 24489516849.618637,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.376599180168,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 8.725789213148571,
      "distance_km": 8938,
      "capital_distance_km": 8938,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "importer_population": 125681.595,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11.1,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 7.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.009636191534344382,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.009747910345294503,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 3.9911157261893004,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.055881952930041,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.018795008034722,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.0370869448953193
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 23605138230.719845,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.611253845183815,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 4.581474515367656,
      "distance_km": 8938,
      "capital_distance_km": 8938,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "importer_population": 125681.595,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11.1,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 7.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.009636191534344382,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.009747910345294503,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 3.9911157261893004,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.055881952930041,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.018795008034722,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.0370869448953193
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 20183247649.445164,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -14.496380185655578,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -3.106209267292348,
      "distance_km": 8938,
      "capital_distance_km": 8938,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "importer_population": 125681.595,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11.1,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 7.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.009636191534344382,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.009747910345294503,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 3.9911157261893004,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.055881952930041,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.018795008034722,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.0370869448953193
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 22227155003.46758,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.126751598762663,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -3.179373834913879,
      "distance_km": 8938,
      "capital_distance_km": 8938,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "importer_population": 125681.595,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11.1,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 7.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.009636191534344382,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.009747910345294503,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 3.9911157261893004,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.055881952930041,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.018795008034722,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.0370869448953193
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 21857195403.708084,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -1.6644487326505697,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -2.5318711016723117,
      "distance_km": 8938,
      "capital_distance_km": 8938,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "importer_population": 125681.595,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11.1,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 7.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.009636191534344382,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.009747910345294503,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 3.9911157261893004,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.055881952930041,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.018795008034722,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.0370869448953193
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 20972947862.508976,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -4.0455672599655434,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 1.2875678228791987,
      "distance_km": 8938,
      "capital_distance_km": 8938,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "importer_population": 125681.595,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11.1,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 7.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.009636191534344382,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.009747910345294503,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 3.9911157261893004,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.055881952930041,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.018795008034722,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.0370869448953193
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "export_value_usd": 21694323856.815594,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.4395546064182048,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -0.805540883845568,
      "distance_km": 8938,
      "capital_distance_km": 8938,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 4937421.880461999,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 39285.162481125415,
      "importer_population": 125681.595,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 11.1,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 7.5,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 4223116.205968999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 50801.7848771783,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.009636191534344382,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.009747910345294503,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 3.9911157261893004,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 4.055881952930041,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.018795008034722,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 3.0370869448953193
    }
  ],
  "relatedAnomalies": [
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "HKG",
      "hs_code": "710812",
      "market_imports_usd": 41743878490.216095,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 717494.6901753871,
      "anomaly_z_score": 5.2611946347028775,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "100",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Germany",
      "importer_name": "China, Hong Kong SAR"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "CHN",
      "hs_code": "300490",
      "market_imports_usd": 14247189734.173853,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": -28.10686827530261,
      "anomaly_z_score": -2.0686166086125253,
      "anomaly_type": "drop",
      "anomaly_severity": "51.71541521531313",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Germany",
      "importer_name": "CHN"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "300490",
      "market_imports_usd": 11774935312.631912,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 70.475313268602,
      "anomaly_z_score": 2.9137491606860104,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "72.84372901715027",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Germany",
      "importer_name": "Japan"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "hs_code": "710813",
      "market_imports_usd": 9497279344.676392,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 502.8688679511962,
      "anomaly_z_score": 2.8015154113824616,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "70.03788528456154",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Germany",
      "importer_name": "SGP"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "CHN",
      "hs_code": "270210",
      "market_imports_usd": 9320314035.496738,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 12601.427423769333,
      "anomaly_z_score": 2.21205560475301,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "55.30139011882525",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Germany",
      "importer_name": "CHN"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "SAU",
      "hs_code": "710812",
      "market_imports_usd": 8041338934.689743,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 128909.39170234927,
      "anomaly_z_score": 3.547144297501554,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "88.67860743753884",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Germany",
      "importer_name": "Saudi Arabia"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "GBR",
      "hs_code": "841112",
      "market_imports_usd": 6822716040.754617,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 282.77564616174016,
      "anomaly_z_score": 3.53632771811287,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "88.40819295282175",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Germany",
      "importer_name": "GBR"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "DEU",
      "importer_iso3": "SAU",
      "hs_code": "870322",
      "market_imports_usd": 6708276932.492578,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 492.4329767586348,
      "anomaly_z_score": 2.0144498050793205,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "50.361245126983015",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Germany",
      "importer_name": "Saudi Arabia"
    }
  ],
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/deu-jpn-847150",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/deu-jpn-847150/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/deu-jpn-847150/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/deu-jpn-847150/index.ld.json",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported trade observations and calculated indicators are shown separately. An unusual movement is a research prompt, not a causal conclusion or commercial forecast.",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "generatedAt": "2026-09-03T09:03:56.638Z",
  "artifactContract": {
    "html": "Full visual page",
    "markdown": "Readable page content and evidence",
    "json": "Complete page data",
    "jsonLd": "Page metadata, FAQ, and provenance"
  }
}