{
  "template": "corridor-anomaly-watch",
  "templateName": "Trade anomaly page",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp"
  },
  "seo": {
    "title": "Colombia to Spain trade anomaly | HS 848180 | Yugalinks",
    "description": "Reported trade anomaly for Colombia to Spain in taps, cocks, valves and similar appliances (HS 848180), with anomaly severity, market value, history, and...",
    "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/col-esp-848180",
    "robots": "index, follow"
  },
  "breadcrumbs": [
    {
      "name": "Home",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/"
    },
    {
      "name": "Trade data",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/"
    },
    {
      "name": "Trade anomalies",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/"
    },
    {
      "name": "COL-ESP HS 848180",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/col-esp-848180"
    }
  ],
  "sections": [
    "overview",
    "history",
    "context",
    "related-movements",
    "faq",
    "data-source"
  ],
  "anomaly": {
    "year": 2024,
    "exporter_iso3": "COL",
    "importer_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": "848180",
    "market_imports_usd": 1163346183.297944,
    "momentum_yoy_pct": 64474.682553171624,
    "anomaly_z_score": 4.875765816080533,
    "anomaly_type": "spike",
    "anomaly_severity": "100",
    "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
    "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0
  },
  "opportunity": {
    "exporter_iso3": "COL",
    "importer_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": "848180",
    "hs_description": "Taps, cocks, valves and similar appliances: for pipes, boiler shells, tanks, vats or the like, including thermostatically controlled valves",
    "hs_chapter": "84",
    "hs_heading": "8481",
    "price_range_label": "Low price range",
    "trade_type_label": "Two-way vertical trade",
    "substitution_elasticity": -2.3726273,
    "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 1163346183.2979443,
    "buyer_imports_avg_usd": 737307202.2963262,
    "buyer_imports_peak_usd": 1163346183.2979443,
    "buyer_cagr_full_pct": 5.4159,
    "buyer_yoy_avg_pct": 6.1973,
    "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 3.1036,
    "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 75.8621,
    "buyer_imports_proj_3y_usd": 1362783878.39,
    "buyer_imports_proj_5y_usd": 1514394414.63,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 1425276.586283,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 30116,
    "buyer_population_latest": 47326.687,
    "buyer_investment_rate": 24.25,
    "buyer_savings_rate": 21.99,
    "buyer_edu_secondary": 88.05,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_2030_proj": 1440206.01,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_2030_proj": 30695.11,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_growth_pct": 1.92,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_growth_pct": 1.05,
    "buyer_pop_growth_pct": -0.86,
    "exports_latest_usd": 2083.1346800811752,
    "exports_avg_usd": 31097.045188712415,
    "exports_peak_usd": 127979.48277094029,
    "share_latest_pct": 0.00017906404043684944,
    "share_avg_pct": 0.004500159501502678,
    "share_peak_pct": 0.024393066727633885,
    "share_change_1y_pp": 0.00017877813675113962,
    "share_trend_pp_per_yr": -0.000012,
    "cagr_full_pct": 1.7597,
    "yoy_avg_pct": 3080.8731,
    "yoy_latest_pct": 64474.6826,
    "trend_consistency_pct": 40,
    "exports_proj_3y_usd": 2195.05,
    "exports_proj_5y_usd": 2272.99,
    "your_share_gap_pp": 34.5514,
    "addressable_proj_3y_usd": 470861454.13,
    "addressable_proj_5y_usd": 523245077.6,
    "peer_best_share_pct": 34.55161906826808,
    "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
    "num_suppliers_latest": 104,
    "buyer_herfindahl_index": 1656.98,
    "distance_km": 8107.0009765625,
    "shares_official_language": 1,
    "common_spoken_language_score": 0.9801000356674194,
    "has_wto_reported_fta": 1,
    "buyer_is_eu_member": 1,
    "buyer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
    "shared_legal_system": 1,
    "shared_religion": 0,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "buyer_is_wto_member": 1,
    "lane_volatility_cv": 1.3480838585802701,
    "lane_max_drawdown_pct": 99.99747933739438,
    "signal_flag": "Stable",
    "lane_data_years": 26,
    "lane_last_year": 2024
  },
  "lane": {
    "exporter_iso3": "COL",
    "importer_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": "848180"
  },
  "routeHistory": [
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "848180",
      "export_value_usd": 1278.1775686485018,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "848180",
      "export_value_usd": 7714.577479398023,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 503.56069990769237,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "848180",
      "export_value_usd": 1997.2998451057208,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -74.11005527600751,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "848180",
      "export_value_usd": 91735.1066868836,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4492.956180899713,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 315.5737681837076
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "848180",
      "export_value_usd": 3516.4650899607063,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -96.16671826418283,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -23.040059774411347
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "848180",
      "export_value_usd": 118936.4571820101,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3282.2732243685978,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 290.5025820497946
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "848180",
      "export_value_usd": 98865.4363265041,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -16.87541510067938,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 2.5265410248590303
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "848180",
      "export_value_usd": 41813.51261904743,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -57.70664230828064,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 128.24614306464088
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "848180",
      "export_value_usd": 7161.136791771761,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -82.87363021371797,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -60.80575311193699
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "848180",
      "export_value_usd": 13631.79134172112,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 90.35792414109763,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -48.33820630083774
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "848180",
      "export_value_usd": 6137.661890568773,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -54.97538264260253,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -47.249234147757605
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "848180",
      "export_value_usd": 39919.09812112327,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 550.3958483353993,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 77.30987231432287
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "848180",
      "export_value_usd": 36472.577492489785,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -8.63376376434154,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 38.82611660918101
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "848180",
      "export_value_usd": 3551.406432720052,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -90.26280379155726,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -16.67043037090825
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "848180",
      "export_value_usd": 125663.19743234527,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3438.406538732847,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 46.55786453448165
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "848180",
      "export_value_usd": 8140.067130759576,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -93.52231417226031,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -39.34212707554424
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "848180",
      "export_value_usd": 5644.2548817716915,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -30.660831279348333,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 16.69943321174545
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "848180",
      "export_value_usd": 5604.3238698541845,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.7074629469067006,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -64.53730749452788
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "848180",
      "export_value_usd": 28140.210228381296,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 402.11606041806897,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 51.20510370032294
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "848180",
      "export_value_usd": 16496.108987718308,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -41.37887082634205,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 42.97440570108806
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "848180",
      "export_value_usd": 127979.48277094029,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 675.8161810535057,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 183.70851806080006
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "848180",
      "export_value_usd": 7797.09468940589,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -93.90754320881165,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -34.80687134195715
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "848180",
      "export_value_usd": 4117.39651266463,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -47.19319597004458,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -37.037727928122244
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "848180",
      "export_value_usd": 4123.972923682348,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.15972255762808363,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -68.17816998340597
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "848180",
      "export_value_usd": 3.2259309650742694,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -99.92177613614898,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -92.54855065239013
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "848180",
      "export_value_usd": 2083.1346800811752,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 64474.682553171624,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -20.317145123608626
    }
  ],
  "corridorHistory": [
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 208451727.9303262,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "distance_km": 8022,
      "capital_distance_km": 8022,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 1,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 1,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 314322.45322799997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6131.225801928699,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.04919443035093361,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.049502028627308695,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.0722984104777777,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.7333508912664161,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 5.187062235602269
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 175336638.59600252,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -15.886214838858137,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "distance_km": 8022,
      "capital_distance_km": 8022,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 1,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 1,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 314322.45322799997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6131.225801928699,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.04919443035093361,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.049502028627308695,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.0722984104777777,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.7333508912664161,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 5.187062235602269
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 163503578.34558403,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -6.748766455870825,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "distance_km": 8022,
      "capital_distance_km": 8022,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 1,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 1,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 314322.45322799997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6131.225801928699,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.04919443035093361,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.049502028627308695,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.0722984104777777,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.7333508912664161,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 5.187062235602269
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 162014688.0128713,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.9106163594571615,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -8.05750253909958,
      "distance_km": 8022,
      "capital_distance_km": 8022,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 1,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 1,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 314322.45322799997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6131.225801928699,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.04919443035093361,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.049502028627308695,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.0722984104777777,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.7333508912664161,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 5.187062235602269
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 172379919.22357494,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 6.397710811182855,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -0.5652928918576161,
      "distance_km": 8022,
      "capital_distance_km": 8022,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 1,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 1,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 314322.45322799997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6131.225801928699,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.04919443035093361,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.049502028627308695,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.0722984104777777,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.7333508912664161,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 5.187062235602269
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 202933050.59040588,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 17.724298459151644,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 7.467012017308039,
      "distance_km": 8022,
      "capital_distance_km": 8022,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 1,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 1,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 314322.45322799997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6131.225801928699,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.04919443035093361,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.049502028627308695,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.0722984104777777,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.7333508912664161,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 5.187062235602269
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 163309273.5412933,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -19.52554151915257,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 0.26564517545559774,
      "distance_km": 8022,
      "capital_distance_km": 8022,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 1,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 1,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 314322.45322799997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6131.225801928699,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.04919443035093361,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.049502028627308695,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.0722984104777777,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.7333508912664161,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 5.187062235602269
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 233553566.80405915,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 43.01304619116093,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 10.653870744947259,
      "distance_km": 8022,
      "capital_distance_km": 8022,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 1,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 1,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 314322.45322799997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6131.225801928699,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.04919443035093361,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.049502028627308695,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.0722984104777777,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.7333508912664161,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 5.187062235602269
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 222286368.0231053,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -4.824246075593663,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 3.082912830093343,
      "distance_km": 8022,
      "capital_distance_km": 8022,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 1,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 1,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 314322.45322799997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6131.225801928699,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.04919443035093361,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.049502028627308695,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.0722984104777777,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.7333508912664161,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 5.187062235602269
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 252249185.27270088,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 13.479376857910207,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 15.59515769065014,
      "distance_km": 8022,
      "capital_distance_km": 8022,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 1,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 1,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 314322.45322799997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6131.225801928699,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.04919443035093361,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.049502028627308695,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.0722984104777777,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.7333508912664161,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 5.187062235602269
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 411506806.8925288,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 63.1350390478598,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 20.78050462032106,
      "distance_km": 8022,
      "capital_distance_km": 8022,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 1,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 1,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 314322.45322799997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6131.225801928699,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.04919443035093361,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.049502028627308695,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.0722984104777777,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.7333508912664161,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 5.187062235602269
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 589780107.6351936,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 43.32207821515419,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 38.43920505733003,
      "distance_km": 8022,
      "capital_distance_km": 8022,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 1,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 1,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 314322.45322799997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6131.225801928699,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.04919443035093361,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.049502028627308695,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.0722984104777777,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.7333508912664161,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 5.187062235602269
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 626989836.8096303,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 6.309085147621252,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 35.459741654665834,
      "distance_km": 8022,
      "capital_distance_km": 8022,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 1,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 1,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 314322.45322799997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6131.225801928699,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.04919443035093361,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.049502028627308695,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.0722984104777777,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.7333508912664161,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 5.187062235602269
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 703115022.6572156,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 12.141374768519375,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 19.55005618475947,
      "distance_km": 8022,
      "capital_distance_km": 8022,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 1,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 1,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 314322.45322799997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6131.225801928699,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.04919443035093361,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.049502028627308695,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.0722984104777777,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.7333508912664161,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 5.187062235602269
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 537508063.2984098,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -23.553323997109775,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -3.046173444810285,
      "distance_km": 8022,
      "capital_distance_km": 8022,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 1,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 1,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 314322.45322799997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6131.225801928699,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.04919443035093361,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.049502028627308695,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.0722984104777777,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.7333508912664161,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 5.187062235602269
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 664342542.1168396,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 23.596758351886304,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 1.947642561833085,
      "distance_km": 8022,
      "capital_distance_km": 8022,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 1,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 1,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 314322.45322799997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6131.225801928699,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.04919443035093361,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.049502028627308695,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.0722984104777777,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.7333508912664161,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 5.187062235602269
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 1769512830.262476,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 166.35548953769504,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 36.02198644929982,
      "distance_km": 8022,
      "capital_distance_km": 8022,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 1,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 1,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 314322.45322799997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6131.225801928699,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.04919443035093361,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.049502028627308695,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.0722984104777777,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.7333508912664161,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 5.187062235602269
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 3153650294.596024,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 78.22138617261317,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 80.36108940859023,
      "distance_km": 8022,
      "capital_distance_km": 8022,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 1,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 1,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 314322.45322799997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6131.225801928699,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.04919443035093361,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.049502028627308695,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.0722984104777777,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.7333508912664161,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 5.187062235602269
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 2715746317.6091785,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -13.885622566878176,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 59.89407776965856,
      "distance_km": 8022,
      "capital_distance_km": 8022,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 1,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 1,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 314322.45322799997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6131.225801928699,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.04919443035093361,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.049502028627308695,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.0722984104777777,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.7333508912664161,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 5.187062235602269
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 3063364229.026111,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 12.800087738789978,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 20.073814347044717,
      "distance_km": 8022,
      "capital_distance_km": 8022,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 1,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 1,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 314322.45322799997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6131.225801928699,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.04919443035093361,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.049502028627308695,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.0722984104777777,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.7333508912664161,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 5.187062235602269
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 1645540474.6423855,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -46.28322485943739,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -19.49336423607533,
      "distance_km": 8022,
      "capital_distance_km": 8022,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 1,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 1,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 314322.45322799997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6131.225801928699,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.04919443035093361,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.049502028627308695,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.0722984104777777,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.7333508912664161,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 5.187062235602269
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 1123508116.5623863,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -31.724066719990528,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -25.48752228157163,
      "distance_km": 8022,
      "capital_distance_km": 8022,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 1,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 1,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 314322.45322799997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6131.225801928699,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.04919443035093361,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.049502028627308695,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.0722984104777777,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.7333508912664161,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 5.187062235602269
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 1049199236.7338948,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -6.614004717282807,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -30.034097091569834,
      "distance_km": 8022,
      "capital_distance_km": 8022,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 1,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 1,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 314322.45322799997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6131.225801928699,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.04919443035093361,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.049502028627308695,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.0722984104777777,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.7333508912664161,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 5.187062235602269
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 1169758593.3696995,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 11.490606589755048,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -10.752534462184782,
      "distance_km": 8022,
      "capital_distance_km": 8022,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 1,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 1,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 314322.45322799997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6131.225801928699,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.04919443035093361,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.049502028627308695,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.0722984104777777,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.7333508912664161,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 5.187062235602269
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 503380565.51138777,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -56.96714105247052,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -23.480273334133216,
      "distance_km": 8022,
      "capital_distance_km": 8022,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 1,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 1,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 314322.45322799997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6131.225801928699,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.04919443035093361,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.049502028627308695,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.0722984104777777,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.7333508912664161,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 5.187062235602269
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 513456547.479022,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2.0016628884744536,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -21.19594294720265,
      "distance_km": 8022,
      "capital_distance_km": 8022,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 1,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 1,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 314322.45322799997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6131.225801928699,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.04919443035093361,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.049502028627308695,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.0722984104777777,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.7333508912664161,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 5.187062235602269
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 720378568.2741084,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 40.29981150518691,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -14.921169160770287,
      "distance_km": 8022,
      "capital_distance_km": 8022,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 1,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 1,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 314322.45322799997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6131.225801928699,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.04919443035093361,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.049502028627308695,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.0722984104777777,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.7333508912664161,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 5.187062235602269
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 1528688855.0271037,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 112.20632072516463,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 44.81300034609219,
      "distance_km": 8022,
      "capital_distance_km": 8022,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 1,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 1,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 314322.45322799997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6131.225801928699,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.04919443035093361,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.049502028627308695,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.0722984104777777,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.7333508912664161,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 5.187062235602269
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 1216503349.633106,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -20.42178199751856,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 33.31219247043815,
      "distance_km": 8022,
      "capital_distance_km": 8022,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 1,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 1,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 314322.45322799997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6131.225801928699,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.04919443035093361,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.049502028627308695,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.0722984104777777,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.7333508912664161,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 5.187062235602269
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 707428478.9237304,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -41.84738750311795,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -0.6028531226447198,
      "distance_km": 8022,
      "capital_distance_km": 8022,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 1,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 1,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 1,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": 2,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 314322.45322799997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 6131.225801928699,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.04919443035093361,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.049502028627308695,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.0722984104777777,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.7333508912664161,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 5.187062235602269
    }
  ],
  "relatedAnomalies": [
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "HKG",
      "hs_code": "854231",
      "market_imports_usd": 33072180220.258446,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 1336423.4087343442,
      "anomaly_z_score": 3.8729807716144293,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "96.82451929036074",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Colombia",
      "importer_name": "China, Hong Kong SAR"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "852351",
      "market_imports_usd": 15640984490.843801,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 25588.111679478134,
      "anomaly_z_score": 5.224039690827076,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "100",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Colombia",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "392690",
      "market_imports_usd": 12188668706.112583,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 135.79228093117544,
      "anomaly_z_score": 2.960784050343448,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "74.01960125858619",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Colombia",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "300490",
      "market_imports_usd": 11921483485.654379,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 7116.593111388036,
      "anomaly_z_score": 2.401657004499932,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "60.0414251124983",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Colombia",
      "importer_name": "Spain"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "854239",
      "market_imports_usd": 10538251408.822512,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 6964.059491332195,
      "anomaly_z_score": 4.988581249139409,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "100",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Colombia",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "hs_code": "300490",
      "market_imports_usd": 10478471455.88821,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 6844.730179461109,
      "anomaly_z_score": 4.570745536433337,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "100",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Colombia",
      "importer_name": "NLD"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "CAN",
      "hs_code": "300490",
      "market_imports_usd": 7905119753.149548,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 1680.6761597149168,
      "anomaly_z_score": 4.108214151692352,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "100",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Colombia",
      "importer_name": "Canada"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "COL",
      "importer_iso3": "IDN",
      "hs_code": "271019",
      "market_imports_usd": 7579766729.129357,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 2816.559104179615,
      "anomaly_z_score": 2.73355404453126,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "68.33885111328149",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "Colombia",
      "importer_name": "Indonesia + Timor-Leste"
    }
  ],
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/col-esp-848180",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/col-esp-848180/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/col-esp-848180/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/col-esp-848180/index.ld.json",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported trade observations and calculated indicators are shown separately. An unusual movement is a research prompt, not a causal conclusion or commercial forecast.",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "generatedAt": "2026-09-03T09:29:41.642Z",
  "artifactContract": {
    "html": "Full visual page",
    "markdown": "Readable page content and evidence",
    "json": "Complete page data",
    "jsonLd": "Page metadata, FAQ, and provenance"
  }
}