{
  "template": "corridor-anomaly-watch",
  "templateName": "Trade anomaly page",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp"
  },
  "seo": {
    "title": "CHN to NLD trade anomaly | HS 180100 | Yugalinks",
    "description": "Reported trade anomaly for CHN to NLD in cocoa beans (HS 180100), with anomaly severity, market value, history, and context.",
    "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/chn-nld-180100",
    "robots": "index, follow"
  },
  "breadcrumbs": [
    {
      "name": "Home",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/"
    },
    {
      "name": "Trade data",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/"
    },
    {
      "name": "Trade anomalies",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/"
    },
    {
      "name": "CHN-NLD HS 180100",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/chn-nld-180100"
    }
  ],
  "sections": [
    "overview",
    "history",
    "context",
    "related-movements",
    "faq",
    "data-source"
  ],
  "anomaly": {
    "year": 2024,
    "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
    "importer_iso3": "NLD",
    "hs_code": "180100",
    "market_imports_usd": 3719029294.3704853,
    "momentum_yoy_pct": 59301.57776727778,
    "anomaly_z_score": 2.999128396925303,
    "anomaly_type": "spike",
    "anomaly_severity": "74.97820992313258",
    "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
    "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0
  },
  "opportunity": {
    "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
    "importer_iso3": "NLD",
    "hs_code": "180100",
    "hs_description": "Cocoa beans: whole or broken, raw or roasted",
    "hs_chapter": "18",
    "hs_heading": "1801",
    "price_range_label": "High price range",
    "trade_type_label": "One-way trade",
    "substitution_elasticity": null,
    "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 3719029294.3704853,
    "buyer_imports_avg_usd": 1428857862.415775,
    "buyer_imports_peak_usd": 3719029294.3704853,
    "buyer_cagr_full_pct": 6.3987,
    "buyer_yoy_avg_pct": 9.3382,
    "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 73.7529,
    "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
    "buyer_imports_proj_3y_usd": 4479588911.56,
    "buyer_imports_proj_5y_usd": 5071197625.56,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 1018007.05695,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 58061,
    "buyer_population_latest": 17533.405,
    "buyer_investment_rate": 22.01,
    "buyer_savings_rate": 30.56,
    "buyer_edu_secondary": 95.03,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_2030_proj": 1045329.57,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_2030_proj": 59056.43,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_growth_pct": 1.71,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_growth_pct": 2.68,
    "buyer_pop_growth_pct": 0.95,
    "exports_latest_usd": 83468.8743754154,
    "exports_avg_usd": 1478109.5602836828,
    "exports_peak_usd": 4415155.840238799,
    "share_latest_pct": 0.0022443725974883467,
    "share_avg_pct": 0.08312759326491453,
    "share_peak_pct": 0.2584770567500089,
    "share_change_1y_pp": 0.0022378076840843504,
    "share_trend_pp_per_yr": -0.001438,
    "cagr_full_pct": -1.2888,
    "yoy_avg_pct": 6135.8699,
    "yoy_latest_pct": 59301.5778,
    "trend_consistency_pct": 50,
    "exports_proj_3y_usd": 80283.12,
    "exports_proj_5y_usd": 78227.12,
    "your_share_gap_pp": 31.605,
    "addressable_proj_3y_usd": 1415773906.66,
    "addressable_proj_5y_usd": 1602751818.42,
    "peer_best_share_pct": 31.60724060351599,
    "peer_top_exporter": "CIV",
    "num_suppliers_latest": 84,
    "buyer_herfindahl_index": 1721.02,
    "distance_km": 7831.140625,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "common_spoken_language_score": 0.008700000122189522,
    "has_wto_reported_fta": 0,
    "buyer_is_eu_member": 1,
    "buyer_biz_entry_days": 3.5,
    "shared_legal_system": 0,
    "shared_religion": 0,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "buyer_is_wto_member": 1,
    "lane_volatility_cv": 1.143886830755744,
    "lane_max_drawdown_pct": 99.99681741113432,
    "signal_flag": "Stable",
    "lane_data_years": 11,
    "lane_last_year": 2024
  },
  "lane": {
    "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
    "importer_iso3": "NLD",
    "hs_code": "180100"
  },
  "routeHistory": [
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "hs_code": "180100",
      "export_value_usd": 115441.14713214512,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "hs_code": "180100",
      "export_value_usd": 310242.60071090725,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 168.74525108085896,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "hs_code": "180100",
      "export_value_usd": 3538429.0412593316,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1040.5361588483263,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "hs_code": "180100",
      "export_value_usd": 862621.6111673698,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -75.62133926923792,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 95.50291333994522
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "hs_code": "180100",
      "export_value_usd": 374937.18539314804,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -56.53515046003166,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 6.517024834602125
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "hs_code": "180100",
      "export_value_usd": 4415155.840238799,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1077.5721406798307,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 7.657721038041432
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "hs_code": "180100",
      "export_value_usd": 2587805.4051321936,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -41.388129914974215,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 44.22385301639451
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "hs_code": "180100",
      "export_value_usd": 3970807.443673033,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 53.443046211977084,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 119.60392809743384
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "hs_code": "180100",
      "export_value_usd": 155.49777999296342,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -99.996083975811,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -96.72212250460785
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "hs_code": "180100",
      "export_value_usd": 140.51625817487198,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -9.634556724069876,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -96.21326436216131
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "hs_code": "180100",
      "export_value_usd": 83468.8743754154,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 59301.57776727778,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -72.40172677796697
    }
  ],
  "corridorHistory": [
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "export_value_usd": 2804592884.7461567,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "distance_km": 8894,
      "capital_distance_km": 7843,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1018007.05695,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 58061.00166795897,
      "importer_population": 17533.405,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 3.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 17734062.645370997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 12556.33325336033,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.003676172243072284,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.003612251961186452,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9785718721303032,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6557546455173249,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.26465848135136
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "export_value_usd": 3063642297.1817055,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.23661376467464,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "distance_km": 8894,
      "capital_distance_km": 7843,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1018007.05695,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 58061.00166795897,
      "importer_population": 17533.405,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 3.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 17734062.645370997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 12556.33325336033,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.003676172243072284,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.003612251961186452,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9785718721303032,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6557546455173249,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.26465848135136
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "export_value_usd": 3738265104.41848,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 22.020286371466113,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "distance_km": 8894,
      "capital_distance_km": 7843,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1018007.05695,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 58061.00166795897,
      "importer_population": 17533.405,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 3.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 17734062.645370997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 12556.33325336033,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.003676172243072284,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.003612251961186452,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9785718721303032,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6557546455173249,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.26465848135136
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "export_value_usd": 4426213295.4968195,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 18.402873307867118,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 16.42712415450145,
      "distance_km": 8894,
      "capital_distance_km": 7843,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1018007.05695,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 58061.00166795897,
      "importer_population": 17533.405,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 3.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 17734062.645370997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 12556.33325336033,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.003676172243072284,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.003612251961186452,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9785718721303032,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6557546455173249,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.26465848135136
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "export_value_usd": 4604980967.956976,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.038839986361098,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 14.550395837087038,
      "distance_km": 8894,
      "capital_distance_km": 7843,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1018007.05695,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 58061.00166795897,
      "importer_population": 17533.405,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 3.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 17734062.645370997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 12556.33325336033,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.003676172243072284,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.003612251961186452,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9785718721303032,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6557546455173249,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.26465848135136
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "export_value_usd": 6379987710.293927,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 38.54536543555884,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 19.504221887662055,
      "distance_km": 8894,
      "capital_distance_km": 7843,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1018007.05695,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 58061.00166795897,
      "importer_population": 17533.405,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 3.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 17734062.645370997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 12556.33325336033,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.003676172243072284,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.003612251961186452,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9785718721303032,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6557546455173249,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.26465848135136
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "export_value_usd": 7071305331.52622,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.835720265054306,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 16.902128109193605,
      "distance_km": 8894,
      "capital_distance_km": 7843,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1018007.05695,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 58061.00166795897,
      "importer_population": 17533.405,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 3.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 17734062.645370997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 12556.33325336033,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.003676172243072284,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.003612251961186452,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9785718721303032,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6557546455173249,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.26465848135136
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "export_value_usd": 8478397016.784684,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 19.89861304652174,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 22.563730133296932,
      "distance_km": 8894,
      "capital_distance_km": 7843,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1018007.05695,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 58061.00166795897,
      "importer_population": 17533.405,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 3.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 17734062.645370997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 12556.33325336033,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.003676172243072284,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.003612251961186452,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9785718721303032,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6557546455173249,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.26465848135136
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "export_value_usd": 12327723145.931452,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 45.40157911367273,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 24.553043300111234,
      "distance_km": 8894,
      "capital_distance_km": 7843,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1018007.05695,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 58061.00166795897,
      "importer_population": 17533.405,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 3.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 17734062.645370997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 12556.33325336033,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.003676172243072284,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.003612251961186452,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9785718721303032,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6557546455173249,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.26465848135136
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "export_value_usd": 17358644989.808655,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 40.80982176775743,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 34.89796880009457,
      "distance_km": 8894,
      "capital_distance_km": 7843,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1018007.05695,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 58061.00166795897,
      "importer_population": 17533.405,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 3.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 17734062.645370997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 12556.33325336033,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.003676172243072284,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.003612251961186452,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9785718721303032,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6557546455173249,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.26465848135136
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "export_value_usd": 23807584166.350822,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 37.15116692765115,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 41.08056588863334,
      "distance_km": 8894,
      "capital_distance_km": 7843,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1018007.05695,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 58061.00166795897,
      "importer_population": 17533.405,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 3.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 17734062.645370997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 12556.33325336033,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.003676172243072284,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.003612251961186452,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9785718721303032,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6557546455173249,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.26465848135136
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "export_value_usd": 28562813473.61029,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 19.973590239283578,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 32.3242284551005,
      "distance_km": 8894,
      "capital_distance_km": 7843,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1018007.05695,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 58061.00166795897,
      "importer_population": 17533.405,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 3.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 17734062.645370997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 12556.33325336033,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.003676172243072284,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.003612251961186452,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9785718721303032,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6557546455173249,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.26465848135136
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "export_value_usd": 37159105054.41043,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 30.096095360992404,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 28.87929197117691,
      "distance_km": 8894,
      "capital_distance_km": 7843,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1018007.05695,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 58061.00166795897,
      "importer_population": 17533.405,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 3.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 17734062.645370997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 12556.33325336033,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.003676172243072284,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.003612251961186452,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9785718721303032,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6557546455173249,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.26465848135136
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "export_value_usd": 39336783854.79109,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.860417782376581,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 18.220966904854173,
      "distance_km": 8894,
      "capital_distance_km": 7843,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1018007.05695,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 58061.00166795897,
      "importer_population": 17533.405,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 3.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 17734062.645370997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 12556.33325336033,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.003676172243072284,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.003612251961186452,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9785718721303032,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6557546455173249,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.26465848135136
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "export_value_usd": 31049272919.58554,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -21.068094854419982,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 2.821393088443802,
      "distance_km": 8894,
      "capital_distance_km": 7843,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1018007.05695,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 58061.00166795897,
      "importer_population": 17533.405,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 3.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 17734062.645370997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 12556.33325336033,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.003676172243072284,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.003612251961186452,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9785718721303032,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6557546455173249,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.26465848135136
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "export_value_usd": 42019574234.030945,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 35.33191048581836,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 4.182666133543322,
      "distance_km": 8894,
      "capital_distance_km": 7843,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1018007.05695,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 58061.00166795897,
      "importer_population": 17533.405,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 3.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 17734062.645370997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 12556.33325336033,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.003676172243072284,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.003612251961186452,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9785718721303032,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6557546455173249,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.26465848135136
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "export_value_usd": 45931237411.13205,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.30914519817556,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 5.301954480454851,
      "distance_km": 8894,
      "capital_distance_km": 7843,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1018007.05695,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 58061.00166795897,
      "importer_population": 17533.405,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 3.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 17734062.645370997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 12556.33325336033,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.003676172243072284,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.003612251961186452,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9785718721303032,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6557546455173249,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.26465848135136
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "export_value_usd": 44974892353.64713,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.0821234336115046,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 13.146093994456432,
      "distance_km": 8894,
      "capital_distance_km": 7843,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1018007.05695,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 58061.00166795897,
      "importer_population": 17533.405,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 3.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 17734062.645370997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 12556.33325336033,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.003676172243072284,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.003612251961186452,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9785718721303032,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6557546455173249,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.26465848135136
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "export_value_usd": 46501900918.50966,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.3952467364576133,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 3.4363101332259838,
      "distance_km": 8894,
      "capital_distance_km": 7843,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1018007.05695,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 58061.00166795897,
      "importer_population": 17533.405,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 3.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 17734062.645370997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 12556.33325336033,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.003676172243072284,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.003612251961186452,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9785718721303032,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6557546455173249,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.26465848135136
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "export_value_usd": 50658415802.196785,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 8.938376284812621,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 3.3192280983046274,
      "distance_km": 8894,
      "capital_distance_km": 7843,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1018007.05695,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 58061.00166795897,
      "importer_population": 17533.405,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 3.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 17734062.645370997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 12556.33325336033,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.003676172243072284,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.003612251961186452,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9785718721303032,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6557546455173249,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.26465848135136
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "export_value_usd": 43022654006.03243,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -15.07303707636517,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -1.4683652124329094,
      "distance_km": 8894,
      "capital_distance_km": 7843,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1018007.05695,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 58061.00166795897,
      "importer_population": 17533.405,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 3.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 17734062.645370997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 12556.33325336033,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.003676172243072284,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.003612251961186452,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9785718721303032,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6557546455173249,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.26465848135136
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "export_value_usd": 41926541222.076,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.547757243899329,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -3.3935529898433847,
      "distance_km": 8894,
      "capital_distance_km": 7843,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1018007.05695,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 58061.00166795897,
      "importer_population": 17533.405,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 3.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 17734062.645370997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 12556.33325336033,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.003676172243072284,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.003612251961186452,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9785718721303032,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6557546455173249,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.26465848135136
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "export_value_usd": 49277486355.84322,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 17.532915712819786,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -0.9170380672063216,
      "distance_km": 8894,
      "capital_distance_km": 7843,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1018007.05695,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 58061.00166795897,
      "importer_population": 17533.405,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 3.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 17734062.645370997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 12556.33325336033,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.003676172243072284,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.003612251961186452,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9785718721303032,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6557546455173249,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.26465848135136
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "export_value_usd": 53611548603.14146,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 8.795217791753917,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 7.610269272729431,
      "distance_km": 8894,
      "capital_distance_km": 7843,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1018007.05695,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 58061.00166795897,
      "importer_population": 17533.405,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 3.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 17734062.645370997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 12556.33325336033,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.003676172243072284,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.003612251961186452,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9785718721303032,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6557546455173249,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.26465848135136
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "export_value_usd": 54696512440.70864,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2.0237502288893205,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 9.267296993376073,
      "distance_km": 8894,
      "capital_distance_km": 7843,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1018007.05695,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 58061.00166795897,
      "importer_population": 17533.405,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 3.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 17734062.645370997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 12556.33325336033,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.003676172243072284,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.003612251961186452,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9785718721303032,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6557546455173249,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.26465848135136
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "export_value_usd": 59676401801.462395,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.10458297711758,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 6.590384217627943,
      "distance_km": 8894,
      "capital_distance_km": 7843,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1018007.05695,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 58061.00166795897,
      "importer_population": 17533.405,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 3.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 17734062.645370997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 12556.33325336033,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.003676172243072284,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.003612251961186452,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9785718721303032,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6557546455173249,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.26465848135136
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "export_value_usd": 75733266527.49063,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 26.906556429873007,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 12.204285780574576,
      "distance_km": 8894,
      "capital_distance_km": 7843,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1018007.05695,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 58061.00166795897,
      "importer_population": 17533.405,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 3.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 17734062.645370997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 12556.33325336033,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.003676172243072284,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.003612251961186452,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9785718721303032,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6557546455173249,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.26465848135136
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "export_value_usd": 83240541759.34746,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.91278413843637,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 15.024870799763935,
      "distance_km": 8894,
      "capital_distance_km": 7843,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1018007.05695,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 58061.00166795897,
      "importer_population": 17533.405,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 3.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 17734062.645370997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 12556.33325336033,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.003676172243072284,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.003612251961186452,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9785718721303032,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6557546455173249,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.26465848135136
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "export_value_usd": 66861907638.087944,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -19.676270450775,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 3.862485488937528,
      "distance_km": 8894,
      "capital_distance_km": 7843,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1018007.05695,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 58061.00166795897,
      "importer_population": 17533.405,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 3.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 17734062.645370997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 12556.33325336033,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.003676172243072284,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.003612251961186452,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9785718721303032,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6557546455173249,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.26465848135136
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "export_value_usd": 60026602668.29567,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -10.223018174699128,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -7.4551281579772315,
      "distance_km": 8894,
      "capital_distance_km": 7843,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 0,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1018007.05695,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 58061.00166795897,
      "importer_population": 17533.405,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 3.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 4,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 17734062.645370997,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 12556.33325336033,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.003676172243072284,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.003612251961186452,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9785718721303032,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.6557546455173249,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.26465848135136
    }
  ],
  "relatedAnomalies": [
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": "270900",
      "market_imports_usd": 63217023264.93831,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 826.6830344519228,
      "anomaly_z_score": 4.251111847611053,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "100",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "CHN",
      "importer_name": "Japan"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "CHN",
      "hs_code": "260300",
      "market_imports_usd": 62556768519.77542,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 454.78319890499347,
      "anomaly_z_score": 2.230744261287589,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "55.76860653218972",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "CHN",
      "importer_name": "CHN"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "870340",
      "market_imports_usd": 29492512581.510124,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 23045.521608939496,
      "anomaly_z_score": 5.04150420736882,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "100",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "CHN",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "880240",
      "market_imports_usd": 13249033255.800138,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 7556.760980079338,
      "anomaly_z_score": 4.257299964949311,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "100",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "CHN",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "hs_code": "271019",
      "market_imports_usd": 9642180556.590458,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 796.7092563035313,
      "anomaly_z_score": 3.299367477428597,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "82.48418693571492",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "CHN",
      "importer_name": "Italy"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "IDN",
      "hs_code": "270900",
      "market_imports_usd": 9304630559.974403,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 150781109.4579768,
      "anomaly_z_score": 5.099019165082895,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "100",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "CHN",
      "importer_name": "Indonesia + Timor-Leste"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "hs_code": "293719",
      "market_imports_usd": 9098538323.873312,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 5299.543898714523,
      "anomaly_z_score": 3.466219017971019,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "86.65547544927547",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "CHN",
      "importer_name": "Italy"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "HKG",
      "hs_code": "854232",
      "market_imports_usd": 8716432086.223686,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": -85.71112481536545,
      "anomaly_z_score": -2.4352344339302263,
      "anomaly_type": "drop",
      "anomaly_severity": "60.88086084825566",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "CHN",
      "importer_name": "China, Hong Kong SAR"
    }
  ],
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/chn-nld-180100",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/chn-nld-180100/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/chn-nld-180100/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/chn-nld-180100/index.ld.json",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported trade observations and calculated indicators are shown separately. An unusual movement is a research prompt, not a causal conclusion or commercial forecast.",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "generatedAt": "2026-09-03T09:28:54.863Z",
  "artifactContract": {
    "html": "Full visual page",
    "markdown": "Readable page content and evidence",
    "json": "Complete page data",
    "jsonLd": "Page metadata, FAQ, and provenance"
  }
}