{
  "template": "corridor-anomaly-watch",
  "templateName": "Trade anomaly page",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp"
  },
  "seo": {
    "title": "BRA to Spain trade anomaly | HS 870321 | Yugalinks",
    "description": "Reported trade anomaly for BRA to Spain in vehicles (HS 870321), with anomaly severity, market value, history, and context.",
    "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/bra-esp-870321",
    "robots": "index, follow"
  },
  "breadcrumbs": [
    {
      "name": "Home",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/"
    },
    {
      "name": "Trade data",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/"
    },
    {
      "name": "Trade anomalies",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/"
    },
    {
      "name": "BRA-ESP HS 870321",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/bra-esp-870321"
    }
  ],
  "sections": [
    "overview",
    "history",
    "context",
    "related-movements",
    "faq",
    "data-source"
  ],
  "anomaly": {
    "year": 2024,
    "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
    "importer_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": "870321",
    "market_imports_usd": 2101039770.7352057,
    "momentum_yoy_pct": 12057.739209962194,
    "anomaly_z_score": 2.4830010200226327,
    "anomaly_type": "spike",
    "anomaly_severity": "62.075025500565815",
    "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
    "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0
  },
  "opportunity": {
    "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
    "importer_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": "870321",
    "hs_description": "Vehicles: spark-ignition internal combustion reciprocating piston engine, cylinder capacity not exceeding 1000cc",
    "hs_chapter": "87",
    "hs_heading": "8703",
    "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
    "trade_type_label": "One-way trade",
    "substitution_elasticity": -11.114383,
    "buyer_imports_latest_usd": 2101039770.7352057,
    "buyer_imports_avg_usd": 606325858.6648896,
    "buyer_imports_peak_usd": 2101039770.7352057,
    "buyer_cagr_full_pct": 8.6606,
    "buyer_yoy_avg_pct": 14.5507,
    "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 6.9577,
    "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 72.4138,
    "buyer_imports_proj_3y_usd": 2695569395.96,
    "buyer_imports_proj_5y_usd": 3182692490.74,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_latest": 1425276.586283,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_latest": 30116,
    "buyer_population_latest": 47326.687,
    "buyer_investment_rate": 24.25,
    "buyer_savings_rate": 21.99,
    "buyer_edu_secondary": 88.05,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_2030_proj": 1440206.01,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_2030_proj": 30695.11,
    "buyer_gdp_pc_growth_pct": 1.92,
    "buyer_gdp_mn_growth_pct": 1.05,
    "buyer_pop_growth_pct": -0.86,
    "exports_latest_usd": 104820.040028953,
    "exports_avg_usd": 34096.990919452066,
    "exports_peak_usd": 137539.16365357398,
    "share_latest_pct": 0.004988960299036789,
    "share_avg_pct": 0.009882672346662723,
    "share_peak_pct": 0.05283319759303007,
    "share_change_1y_pp": 0.004935066484710304,
    "share_trend_pp_per_yr": 0.000248,
    "cagr_full_pct": 20.1159,
    "yoy_avg_pct": 1984.4634,
    "yoy_latest_pct": 12057.7392,
    "trend_consistency_pct": 52.6316,
    "exports_proj_3y_usd": 181654.53,
    "exports_proj_5y_usd": 262088.23,
    "your_share_gap_pp": 18.6097,
    "addressable_proj_3y_usd": 501636908.19,
    "addressable_proj_5y_usd": 592288969.87,
    "peer_best_share_pct": 18.614671535599093,
    "peer_top_exporter": "CZE",
    "num_suppliers_latest": 49,
    "buyer_herfindahl_index": 1047,
    "distance_km": 8389.7802734375,
    "shares_official_language": 0,
    "common_spoken_language_score": 0.06955847889184952,
    "has_wto_reported_fta": 0,
    "buyer_is_eu_member": 1,
    "buyer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
    "shared_legal_system": 1,
    "shared_religion": 0,
    "shares_land_border": 0,
    "buyer_is_wto_member": 1,
    "lane_volatility_cv": 1.2204739760770313,
    "lane_max_drawdown_pct": 99.37314785144986,
    "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
    "lane_data_years": 20,
    "lane_last_year": 2024
  },
  "lane": {
    "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
    "importer_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": "870321"
  },
  "routeHistory": [
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "870321",
      "export_value_usd": 515.259176211338,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "870321",
      "export_value_usd": 20703.586580874347,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3918.091775309324,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "870321",
      "export_value_usd": 3609.2655270893456,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -82.56695518435666,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "870321",
      "export_value_usd": 10095.357326806074,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 179.70669519976735,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 169.58681854767272
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "870321",
      "export_value_usd": 77176.91629881796,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 664.4792928120639,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 55.053156433050376
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "870321",
      "export_value_usd": 6553.356187053214,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -91.50865763840633,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 21.996764627587815
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "870321",
      "export_value_usd": 19672.105160661227,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 200.18367076591025,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 24.904009754826784
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "870321",
      "export_value_usd": 15432.338951715534,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -21.552173365888947,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -41.52349016608511
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "870321",
      "export_value_usd": 11692.521493093012,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -24.233639957777008,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 21.287152808293584
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "870321",
      "export_value_usd": 7840.367569737048,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -32.945450864738646,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -26.40835196526543
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "870321",
      "export_value_usd": 11558.215090717998,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 47.41930130076337,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -9.185957936036615
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "870321",
      "export_value_usd": 12223.431908250926,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.755359389938497,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 1.4911858377746556
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "870321",
      "export_value_usd": 869.4706939181659,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -92.88685288677998,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -51.95596128530522
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "870321",
      "export_value_usd": 100638.91690354398,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 11474.733640535567,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 105.72720571918151
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "870321",
      "export_value_usd": 137539.16365357398,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 36.66598159576433,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 124.08411641440344
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "870321",
      "export_value_usd": 53732.2792891376,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -60.93310598828746,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 295.3606466152396
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "870321",
      "export_value_usd": 870.6651648631647,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -98.37962361473994,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -79.47128628792916
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "870321",
      "export_value_usd": 85534.3941815631,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9724.028528235172,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -14.643198093507303
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "870321",
      "export_value_usd": 862.1672024603245,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -98.99202278719574,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -74.77765792345055
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": "870321",
      "export_value_usd": 104820.040028953,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 12057.739209962194,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 393.777220647914
    }
  ],
  "corridorHistory": [
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 966649360.8506398,
      "yoy_growth_pct": null,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "distance_km": 8361,
      "capital_distance_km": 7720,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 1608981.2208119999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 7518.834354599067,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.025401489940454127,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.03138649829693482,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9276811614959601,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.644805611296719,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.275607515571966
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 1037432965.0330951,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.32257290483973,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "distance_km": 8361,
      "capital_distance_km": 7720,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 1608981.2208119999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 7518.834354599067,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.025401489940454127,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.03138649829693482,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9276811614959601,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.644805611296719,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.275607515571966
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 1141435370.4035745,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.024975962390158,
      "cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "distance_km": 8361,
      "capital_distance_km": 7720,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 1608981.2208119999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 7518.834354599067,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.025401489940454127,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.03138649829693482,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9276811614959601,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.644805611296719,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.275607515571966
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 1164364129.1379569,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2.0087653956505136,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 6.399588862514105,
      "distance_km": 8361,
      "capital_distance_km": 7720,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 1608981.2208119999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 7518.834354599067,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.025401489940454127,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.03138649829693482,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9276811614959601,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.644805611296719,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.275607515571966
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 1233635864.088875,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.94931887864012,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 5.943824739832926,
      "distance_km": 8361,
      "capital_distance_km": 7720,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 1608981.2208119999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 7518.834354599067,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.025401489940454127,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.03138649829693482,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9276811614959601,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.644805611296719,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.275607515571966
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 1075659015.8238297,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -12.805792443601028,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -1.9589925862794177,
      "distance_km": 8361,
      "capital_distance_km": 7720,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 1608981.2208119999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 7518.834354599067,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.025401489940454127,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.03138649829693482,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9276811614959601,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.644805611296719,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.275607515571966
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 1119536984.82208,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.079170848081892,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -1.300138641859827,
      "distance_km": 8361,
      "capital_distance_km": 7720,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 1608981.2208119999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 7518.834354599067,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.025401489940454127,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.03138649829693482,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9276811614959601,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.644805611296719,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.275607515571966
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 1172754898.539381,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.753564593112447,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -1.6728564232269538,
      "distance_km": 8361,
      "capital_distance_km": 7720,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 1608981.2208119999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 7518.834354599067,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.025401489940454127,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.03138649829693482,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9276811614959601,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.644805611296719,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.275607515571966
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 1659110642.6473224,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 41.47121830091505,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 15.540322608867264,
      "distance_km": 8361,
      "capital_distance_km": 7720,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 1608981.2208119999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 7518.834354599067,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.025401489940454127,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.03138649829693482,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9276811614959601,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.644805611296719,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.275607515571966
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 2057114871.8965843,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 23.989010679492438,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 22.48230934088602,
      "distance_km": 8361,
      "capital_distance_km": 7720,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 1608981.2208119999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 7518.834354599067,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.025401489940454127,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.03138649829693482,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9276811614959601,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.644805611296719,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.275607515571966
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 2300133212.8129544,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 11.81355228317007,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 25.174321052750635,
      "distance_km": 8361,
      "capital_distance_km": 7720,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 1608981.2208119999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 7518.834354599067,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.025401489940454127,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.03138649829693482,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9276811614959601,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.644805611296719,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.275607515571966
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 2434952474.3156986,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.861367539572493,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 13.64187220630695,
      "distance_km": 8361,
      "capital_distance_km": 7720,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 1608981.2208119999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 7518.834354599067,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.025401489940454127,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.03138649829693482,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9276811614959601,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.644805611296719,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.275607515571966
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 3670106988.246738,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 50.726021429973,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 21.284897892229605,
      "distance_km": 8361,
      "capital_distance_km": 7720,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 1608981.2208119999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 7518.834354599067,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.025401489940454127,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.03138649829693482,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9276811614959601,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.644805611296719,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.275607515571966
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 4182887008.0287895,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 13.971800316017857,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 22.060285484552146,
      "distance_km": 8361,
      "capital_distance_km": 7720,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 1608981.2208119999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 7518.834354599067,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.025401489940454127,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.03138649829693482,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9276811614959601,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.644805611296719,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.275607515571966
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 2750288938.3855824,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -34.249026256110305,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 4.142806639068719,
      "distance_km": 8361,
      "capital_distance_km": 7720,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 1608981.2208119999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 7518.834354599067,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.025401489940454127,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.03138649829693482,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9276811614959601,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.644805611296719,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.275607515571966
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 3905387225.1199107,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 41.99916127402854,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 2.092802490872936,
      "distance_km": 8361,
      "capital_distance_km": 7720,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 1608981.2208119999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 7518.834354599067,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.025401489940454127,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.03138649829693482,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9276811614959601,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.644805611296719,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.275607515571966
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 4671756069.400976,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 19.623376636039858,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 3.7531621307303586,
      "distance_km": 8361,
      "capital_distance_km": 7720,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 1608981.2208119999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 7518.834354599067,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.025401489940454127,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.03138649829693482,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9276811614959601,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.644805611296719,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.275607515571966
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 3804903464.852088,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -18.555176932858096,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 11.42648742935759,
      "distance_km": 8361,
      "capital_distance_km": 7720,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 1608981.2208119999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 7518.834354599067,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.025401489940454127,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.03138649829693482,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9276811614959601,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.644805611296719,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.275607515571966
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 3777342902.731259,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.7243432685065665,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -1.1050527045184944,
      "distance_km": 8361,
      "capital_distance_km": 7720,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 1608981.2208119999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 7518.834354599067,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.025401489940454127,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.03138649829693482,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9276811614959601,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.644805611296719,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.275607515571966
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 3620059450.3571854,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -4.163864823083641,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -8.15013659786632,
      "distance_km": 8361,
      "capital_distance_km": 7720,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 1608981.2208119999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 7518.834354599067,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.025401489940454127,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.03138649829693482,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9276811614959601,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.644805611296719,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.275607515571966
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 3132197230.2274294,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -13.476635586236563,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -6.279380027104042,
      "distance_km": 8361,
      "capital_distance_km": 7720,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 1608981.2208119999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 7518.834354599067,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.025401489940454127,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.03138649829693482,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9276811614959601,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.644805611296719,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.275607515571966
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 2879035460.387768,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -8.082561576790603,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -8.654560952451472,
      "distance_km": 8361,
      "capital_distance_km": 7720,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 1608981.2208119999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 7518.834354599067,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.025401489940454127,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.03138649829693482,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9276811614959601,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.644805611296719,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.275607515571966
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 4188323466.103686,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 45.47661964328755,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 4.98038732367343,
      "distance_km": 8361,
      "capital_distance_km": 7720,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 1608981.2208119999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 7518.834354599067,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.025401489940454127,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.03138649829693482,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9276811614959601,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.644805611296719,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.275607515571966
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 5272584311.073641,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 25.88770551617927,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 18.95740379421673,
      "distance_km": 8361,
      "capital_distance_km": 7720,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 1608981.2208119999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 7518.834354599067,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.025401489940454127,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.03138649829693482,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9276811614959601,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.644805611296719,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.275607515571966
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 4035776908.1125298,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -23.45732813344551,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 11.916309084691633,
      "distance_km": 8361,
      "capital_distance_km": 7720,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 1608981.2208119999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 7518.834354599067,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.025401489940454127,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.03138649829693482,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9276811614959601,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.644805611296719,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.275607515571966
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 4002518418.5815244,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.824091377899272,
      "cagr_3y_pct": -1.5011769157072141,
      "distance_km": 8361,
      "capital_distance_km": 7720,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 1608981.2208119999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 7518.834354599067,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.025401489940454127,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.03138649829693482,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9276811614959601,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.644805611296719,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.275607515571966
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 5367317964.745122,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 34.09852006745484,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 0.5953556350192901,
      "distance_km": 8361,
      "capital_distance_km": 7720,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 1608981.2208119999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 7518.834354599067,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.025401489940454127,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.03138649829693482,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9276811614959601,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.644805611296719,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.275607515571966
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 9527377599.525171,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 77.50723288810408,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 33.15232137176034,
      "distance_km": 8361,
      "capital_distance_km": 7720,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 1608981.2208119999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 7518.834354599067,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.025401489940454127,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.03138649829693482,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9276811614959601,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.644805611296719,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.275607515571966
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 7827894365.494932,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -17.83789102800899,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 25.055809680551988,
      "distance_km": 8361,
      "capital_distance_km": 7720,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 1608981.2208119999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 7518.834354599067,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.025401489940454127,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.03138649829693482,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9276811614959601,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.644805611296719,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.275607515571966
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "export_value_usd": 9520953152.714212,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 21.628533909223655,
      "cagr_3y_pct": 21.05266865082125,
      "distance_km": 8361,
      "capital_distance_km": 7720,
      "shares_land_border": 0,
      "shares_official_language": 0,
      "shares_ethnic_language": 0,
      "shared_religion": 0,
      "shared_legal_system": 1,
      "shared_colonial_history": 0,
      "has_fta": 0,
      "rta_coverage_ratio": null,
      "exporter_is_wto": 1,
      "importer_is_wto": 1,
      "exporter_is_eu": 0,
      "importer_is_eu": 1,
      "importer_gdp_million_usd": 1425276.586283,
      "importer_gdp_per_capita_usd": 30115.705886680804,
      "importer_population": 47326.687,
      "importer_biz_entry_days": 12.5,
      "importer_biz_entry_cost_pct": 3.9,
      "exporter_gdp_million_usd": 1608981.2208119999,
      "exporter_gdp_per_capita_usd": 7518.834354599067,
      "diplomatic_disagreement": 0.025401489940454127,
      "scientific_collaboration": 0.03138649829693482,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 1.9276811614959601,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 5.920413126868686,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 1.644805611296719,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 4.275607515571966
    }
  ],
  "relatedAnomalies": [
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "848620",
      "market_imports_usd": 8370632916.509389,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 1321559.5202052027,
      "anomaly_z_score": 3.605267860866064,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "90.1316965216516",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "BRA",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "293359",
      "market_imports_usd": 8305602499.9531,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 249224.36266379606,
      "anomaly_z_score": 4.450610354644719,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "100",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "BRA",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "841810",
      "market_imports_usd": 6757218007.924464,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 313049.82824785647,
      "anomaly_z_score": 5.291475108029116,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "100",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "BRA",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "844399",
      "market_imports_usd": 6470237775.003039,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 96.08934137236795,
      "anomaly_z_score": 2.241980574726913,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "56.04951436817282",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "BRA",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": "760110",
      "market_imports_usd": 5932693500.843078,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 26758887.608769618,
      "anomaly_z_score": 4.898979477794715,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "100",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "BRA",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "POL",
      "hs_code": "271019",
      "market_imports_usd": 5610472194.533947,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 23049.01973877476,
      "anomaly_z_score": 3.9906718009883986,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "99.76679502470996",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "BRA",
      "importer_name": "Poland"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "hs_code": "901839",
      "market_imports_usd": 5313273800.202463,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 8153.812309852019,
      "anomaly_z_score": 4.683931259780084,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "100",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "BRA",
      "importer_name": "NLD"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "exporter_iso3": "BRA",
      "importer_iso3": "BRA",
      "hs_code": "271012",
      "market_imports_usd": 4738803096.374808,
      "momentum_yoy_pct": 41966.442535460796,
      "anomaly_z_score": 2.347559188439428,
      "anomaly_type": "spike",
      "anomaly_severity": "58.6889797109857",
      "new_corridor_signal_type": "",
      "new_corridor_signal_strength": 0,
      "exporter_name": "BRA",
      "importer_name": "BRA"
    }
  ],
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/bra-esp-870321",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/bra-esp-870321/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/bra-esp-870321/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/signal/anomaly/bra-esp-870321/index.ld.json",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported trade observations and calculated indicators are shown separately. An unusual movement is a research prompt, not a causal conclusion or commercial forecast.",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "generatedAt": "2026-09-03T09:00:43.547Z",
  "artifactContract": {
    "html": "Full visual page",
    "markdown": "Readable page content and evidence",
    "json": "Complete page data",
    "jsonLd": "Page metadata, FAQ, and provenance"
  }
}