{ "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview", "source": "api", "title": "Machines (HS4 9031) Trade Overview | Yugalinks", "description": "Review reported global trade for machines at HS4 9031, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.", "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/9031", "publisher": { "name": "Yugalinks", "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks", "sameAs": [ "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" ] }, "sourceAttribution": { "publisher": "OECD", "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D", "year": 2025, "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)", "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/", "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0", "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/", "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions", "accessed": "2026-08-27", "supportingSources": [ { "publisher": "CEPII", "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows", "release": "202601", "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.", "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html", "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37", "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf", "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence", "accessed": "2026-08-27" } ] }, "links": { "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/9031/index.html", "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/9031/index.md", "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/9031/index.json", "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/9031/index.ld.json", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" }, "internalLinks": { "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app", "platform": "https://www.yugalinks.com/platform", "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology", "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources", "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage", "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai" }, "subsector": { "hs4": "9031", "name": "Machines" }, "coverage": { "firstDataYear": 1995, "latestDataYear": 2024, "yearsWithData": 30, "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09" }, "answer": "The machines subsector recorded $63.6B in reported global trade in 2024, with +4.3% annual change.", "keyFigures": { "latestTradeUsd": 63640828857.47818, "latestAnnualChangePct": 4.344915287922428, "activeExporters": 197, "activeImporters": 200, "activeHs6Products": 6 }, "growthAndStructure": { "trendLabel": "Growing", "tradeCagr3yPct": 3.2376101200084495, "tradeCagr5yPct": 5.641236640073921, "historicalPeakUsd": 63640828857.47818, "historicalPeakYear": 2024, "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 72.41379310344827, "exporterConcentrationHhi": 1220.6231446415195, "importerConcentrationHhi": 910.1673479434767, "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.535312484964616 }, "annualRows": [ { "year": 1995, "hs4": 9031, 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"country_name": "Viet Nam" } ], "products": [ { "hs_code": "903110", "product_name": "Machines: for balancing mechanical parts" }, { "hs_code": "903120", "product_name": "Test benches" }, { "hs_code": "903130", "product_name": "Profile projectors" }, { "hs_code": "903140", "product_name": "Optical instruments and appliances: for measuring or checking, n.e.s. in chapter 90" }, { "hs_code": "903141", "product_name": "Optical instruments and appliances: for inspecting semiconductor wafers or devices or for inspecting photomasks or reticles used in manufacturing semiconductor devices, n.e.s. in chapter 90" }, { "hs_code": "903149", "product_name": "Optical instruments and appliances: for measuring or checking, n.e.s. in chapter 90" }, { "hs_code": "903180", "product_name": "Instruments, appliances and machines: for measuring or checking n.e.c. in chapter 90" }, { "hs_code": "903190", "product_name": "Instruments, appliances and machines: parts and accessories for those measuring or checking devices of heading no. 9031" } ], "methodology": { "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.", "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.", "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed." } }