{
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview",
  "source": "api",
  "title": "Machines and appliances (HS4 9024) Trade Overview | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Review reported global trade for machines and appliances at HS4 9024, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.",
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/9024",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
    ]
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-27",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-27"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/9024/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/9024/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/9024/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/9024/index.ld.json",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "internalLinks": {
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app",
    "platform": "https://www.yugalinks.com/platform",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage",
    "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai"
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  "subsector": {
    "hs4": "9024",
    "name": "Machines and appliances"
  },
  "coverage": {
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "answer": "The machines and appliances subsector recorded $2.5B in reported global trade in 2024, with +1.1% annual change.",
  "keyFigures": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 2520695870.2278805,
    "latestAnnualChangePct": 1.0683687792701162,
    "activeExporters": 174,
    "activeImporters": 197,
    "activeHs6Products": 3
  },
  "growthAndStructure": {
    "trendLabel": "Stable",
    "tradeCagr3yPct": 0.24082524185400356,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 0.08177220110021644,
    "historicalPeakUsd": 2590907958.8072114,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2014,
    "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 62.06896551724138,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 1209.7133316827103,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 548.6562215132601,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.27361246529216177
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  "annualRows": [
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      "year": 1995,
      "hs4": 9024,
      "global_trade_usd": 1185961156.7839243,
      "corridor_count": 2379,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "hs4": 9024,
      "global_trade_usd": 1247103264.8609967,
      "corridor_count": 2425,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
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      "year": 1997,
      "hs4": 9024,
      "global_trade_usd": 1364519032.9422276,
      "corridor_count": 2551,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
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      "year": 1998,
      "hs4": 9024,
      "global_trade_usd": 1272459322.2916281,
      "corridor_count": 2508,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "hs4": 9024,
      "global_trade_usd": 1199895634.7744136,
      "corridor_count": 2672,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
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      "year": 2000,
      "hs4": 9024,
      "global_trade_usd": 1220788966.434886,
      "corridor_count": 3031,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "hs4": 9024,
      "global_trade_usd": 1157334283.77516,
      "corridor_count": 3030,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "hs4": 9024,
      "global_trade_usd": 1130074307.6109216,
      "corridor_count": 3210,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "hs4": 9024,
      "global_trade_usd": 1339383770.9156737,
      "corridor_count": 3244,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
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      "year": 2004,
      "hs4": 9024,
      "global_trade_usd": 1482463038.3349283,
      "corridor_count": 3366,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
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      "year": 2005,
      "hs4": 9024,
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      "corridor_count": 3444,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "hs4": 9024,
      "global_trade_usd": 1843952120.1826847,
      "corridor_count": 3614,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
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      "year": 2007,
      "hs4": 9024,
      "global_trade_usd": 2104218318.170677,
      "corridor_count": 3715,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
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      "global_trade_usd": 2317641222.179281,
      "corridor_count": 3949,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "hs4": 9024,
      "global_trade_usd": 1805455016.2727544,
      "corridor_count": 3955,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "hs4": 9024,
      "global_trade_usd": 2064035548.5650346,
      "corridor_count": 4036,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "hs4": 9024,
      "global_trade_usd": 2396946904.7980776,
      "corridor_count": 4113,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
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      "year": 2012,
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      "global_trade_usd": 2448607738.561947,
      "corridor_count": 4335,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "hs4": 9024,
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      "corridor_count": 4341,
      "active_hs6_count": 3
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
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      "year": 2015,
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    },
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      "year": 2016,
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    {
      "year": 2017,
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      "year": 2018,
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      "year": 2019,
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      "year": 2020,
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      "year": 2021,
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      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 3359,
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      "country_name": "Switzerland, Liechtenstein"
    },
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      "imports_usd": 29059423.97522688,
      "trade_balance_usd": 29504811.85608632,
      "export_partner_count": 117,
      "import_partner_count": 72,
      "active_hs6_count": 3,
      "country_name": "Netherlands"
    },
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      "imports_usd": 67918147.01531735,
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      "trade_balance_usd": 21823709.05940114,
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      "country_name": "Austria"
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    },
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      "active_hs6_count": 3,
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      "trade_balance_usd": 276840846.242815,
      "export_partner_count": 148,
      "import_partner_count": 85,
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      "trade_balance_usd": -81147161.32565996,
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    },
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      "year": 2024,
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      "country_name": "United Kingdom"
    },
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      "trade_balance_usd": -34806633.85342144,
      "export_partner_count": 126,
      "import_partner_count": 64,
      "active_hs6_count": 3,
      "country_name": "France"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "MEX",
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      "imports_usd": 71268617.48296851,
      "trade_balance_usd": -66280371.71627545,
      "export_partner_count": 62,
      "import_partner_count": 64,
      "active_hs6_count": 3,
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      "imports_usd": 67918147.01531735,
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      "export_partner_count": 103,
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      "imports_usd": 62972841.54242678,
      "trade_balance_usd": 24643293.63835816,
      "export_partner_count": 99,
      "import_partner_count": 46,
      "active_hs6_count": 3,
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  ],
  "products": [
    {
      "hs_code": "902410",
      "product_name": "Machines and appliances: for testing the hardness, strength, compressibility, elasticity or other mechanical properties of metals"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "902480",
      "product_name": "Machines and appliances: for testing the hardness, strength, compressibility, elasticity or other mechanical properties of materials other than metals"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "902490",
      "product_name": "Machines and appliances: parts and accessories for those testing hardness, strength, compressibility, elasticity or other mechanical properties of materials (eg metal, wood, textiles, paper, plastics)"
    }
  ],
  "methodology": {
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.",
    "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.",
    "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed."
  }
}