{
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview",
  "source": "api",
  "title": "Optical fibres, optical fibre bundles and cables (HS4 9001) Trade Overview | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Review reported global trade for optical fibres, optical fibre bundles and cables at HS4 9001, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.",
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/9001",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
    ]
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-27",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-27"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/9001/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/9001/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/9001/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/9001/index.ld.json",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "internalLinks": {
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app",
    "platform": "https://www.yugalinks.com/platform",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage",
    "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai"
  },
  "subsector": {
    "hs4": "9001",
    "name": "Optical fibres, optical fibre bundles and cables"
  },
  "coverage": {
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "answer": "The optical fibres, optical fibre bundles and cables subsector recorded $29.9B in reported global trade in 2024, with +2.6% annual change.",
  "keyFigures": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 29930350101.08168,
    "latestAnnualChangePct": 2.5628049024141935,
    "activeExporters": 176,
    "activeImporters": 198,
    "activeHs6Products": 6
  },
  "growthAndStructure": {
    "trendLabel": "Declining",
    "tradeCagr3yPct": -3.4922641359667606,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": -0.08434122440872382,
    "historicalPeakUsd": 33298557193.0625,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2021,
    "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 68.96551724137932,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 1519.1303475449051,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 1204.715967549762,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.48388953814528957
  },
  "annualRows": [
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      "year": 1995,
      "hs4": 9001,
      "global_trade_usd": 3318478006.8809934,
      "corridor_count": 2877,
      "active_hs6_count": 6
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "hs4": 9001,
      "global_trade_usd": 4024689573.565066,
      "corridor_count": 2936,
      "active_hs6_count": 6
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "hs4": 9001,
      "global_trade_usd": 5094524457.472575,
      "corridor_count": 2960,
      "active_hs6_count": 6
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "hs4": 9001,
      "global_trade_usd": 5373829251.13678,
      "corridor_count": 3071,
      "active_hs6_count": 6
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "hs4": 9001,
      "global_trade_usd": 6894444137.208958,
      "corridor_count": 3354,
      "active_hs6_count": 6
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "hs4": 9001,
      "global_trade_usd": 10209592978.113613,
      "corridor_count": 3950,
      "active_hs6_count": 6
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "hs4": 9001,
      "global_trade_usd": 10020919635.185041,
      "corridor_count": 4042,
      "active_hs6_count": 6
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "hs4": 9001,
      "global_trade_usd": 8423850607.959564,
      "corridor_count": 4243,
      "active_hs6_count": 6
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "hs4": 9001,
      "global_trade_usd": 10012641924.888933,
      "corridor_count": 4350,
      "active_hs6_count": 6
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "hs4": 9001,
      "global_trade_usd": 13093455859.96233,
      "corridor_count": 4627,
      "active_hs6_count": 6
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "hs4": 9001,
      "global_trade_usd": 15538829089.696844,
      "corridor_count": 4726,
      "active_hs6_count": 6
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "hs4": 9001,
      "global_trade_usd": 17779787701.39282,
      "corridor_count": 4901,
      "active_hs6_count": 6
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "hs4": 9001,
      "global_trade_usd": 20226823664.454456,
      "corridor_count": 5022,
      "active_hs6_count": 6
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "hs4": 9001,
      "global_trade_usd": 22336505223.894234,
      "corridor_count": 5178,
      "active_hs6_count": 6
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "hs4": 9001,
      "global_trade_usd": 21219643536.64383,
      "corridor_count": 5253,
      "active_hs6_count": 6
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "hs4": 9001,
      "global_trade_usd": 25341109029.83345,
      "corridor_count": 5184,
      "active_hs6_count": 6
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "hs4": 9001,
      "global_trade_usd": 27301650081.932896,
      "corridor_count": 5401,
      "active_hs6_count": 6
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "hs4": 9001,
      "global_trade_usd": 28298288560.35242,
      "corridor_count": 5421,
      "active_hs6_count": 6
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "hs4": 9001,
      "global_trade_usd": 27233403021.29415,
      "corridor_count": 5442,
      "active_hs6_count": 6
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "hs4": 9001,
      "global_trade_usd": 27531632898.695812,
      "corridor_count": 5784,
      "active_hs6_count": 6
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "hs4": 9001,
      "global_trade_usd": 25521792927.934486,
      "corridor_count": 5854,
      "active_hs6_count": 6
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "hs4": 9001,
      "global_trade_usd": 25068761665.972633,
      "corridor_count": 5870,
      "active_hs6_count": 6
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "hs4": 9001,
      "global_trade_usd": 28269916853.267303,
      "corridor_count": 6052,
      "active_hs6_count": 6
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
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      "global_trade_usd": 29836739942.211143,
      "corridor_count": 6116,
      "active_hs6_count": 6
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "hs4": 9001,
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      "corridor_count": 6142,
      "active_hs6_count": 6
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "hs4": 9001,
      "global_trade_usd": 28923565836.58267,
      "corridor_count": 6167,
      "active_hs6_count": 6
    },
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      "year": 2021,
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      "global_trade_usd": 33298557193.0625,
      "corridor_count": 6279,
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    },
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      "year": 2022,
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      "year": 2023,
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      "active_hs6_count": 6
    },
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      "year": 2024,
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      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "Japan",
      "importer_name": "China"
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      "exporter_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
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      "active_hs6_count": 6,
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      "exporter_name": "Japan",
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      "active_hs6_count": 6,
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      "trade_balance_usd": 28939065.846975207,
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      "year": 2024,
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      "export_partner_count": 145,
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      "active_hs6_count": 6,
      "country_name": "France"
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    },
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      "year": 2024,
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  ],
  "products": [
    {
      "hs_code": "900110",
      "product_name": "Optical fibres, optical fibre bundles and cables: excluding those of heading no. 8544"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "900120",
      "product_name": "Optical elements: polarising material, sheets and plates thereof"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "900130",
      "product_name": "Lenses, contact: unmounted, of any material, excluding elements of glass not optically worked"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "900140",
      "product_name": "Lenses, spectacle: unmounted, of glass, excluding elements of glass not optically worked"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "900150",
      "product_name": "Lenses, spectacle: unmounted, of materials other than glass"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "900190",
      "product_name": "Optical elements: lenses n.e.c. in heading no. 9001, prisms, mirrors and other optical elements, unmounted, of any material (excluding elements of glass not optically worked)"
    }
  ],
  "methodology": {
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.",
    "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.",
    "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed."
  }
}