{
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview",
  "source": "api",
  "title": "Railway or tramway track fixtures and fittings (HS4 8608) Trade Overview | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Review reported global trade for railway or tramway track fixtures and fittings at HS4 8608, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.",
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8608",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
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    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
    ]
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-27",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-27"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8608/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8608/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8608/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8608/index.ld.json",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "internalLinks": {
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app",
    "platform": "https://www.yugalinks.com/platform",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage",
    "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai"
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  "subsector": {
    "hs4": "8608",
    "name": "Railway or tramway track fixtures and fittings"
  },
  "coverage": {
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "answer": "The railway or tramway track fixtures and fittings subsector recorded $1.2B in reported global trade in 2024, with +2.5% annual change.",
  "keyFigures": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 1167217099.4378455,
    "latestAnnualChangePct": 2.5157715114072277,
    "activeExporters": 111,
    "activeImporters": 186,
    "activeHs6Products": 1
  },
  "growthAndStructure": {
    "trendLabel": "Growing",
    "tradeCagr3yPct": 6.917696123453698,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 2.7669369402884003,
    "historicalPeakUsd": 1167217099.4378455,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
    "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 65.51724137931035,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 616.1799715324884,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 251.5112955172441,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.41577585608923434
  },
  "annualRows": [
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "hs4": 8608,
      "global_trade_usd": 228402544.61309665,
      "corridor_count": 966,
      "active_hs6_count": 1
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "hs4": 8608,
      "global_trade_usd": 280828964.16659975,
      "corridor_count": 954,
      "active_hs6_count": 1
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "hs4": 8608,
      "global_trade_usd": 286995328.14902806,
      "corridor_count": 1014,
      "active_hs6_count": 1
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "hs4": 8608,
      "global_trade_usd": 327382367.3567045,
      "corridor_count": 1014,
      "active_hs6_count": 1
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "hs4": 8608,
      "global_trade_usd": 303479612.0844027,
      "corridor_count": 1083,
      "active_hs6_count": 1
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "hs4": 8608,
      "global_trade_usd": 279648945.95229626,
      "corridor_count": 1213,
      "active_hs6_count": 1
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "hs4": 8608,
      "global_trade_usd": 329032178.96384656,
      "corridor_count": 1227,
      "active_hs6_count": 1
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "hs4": 8608,
      "global_trade_usd": 352939518.831948,
      "corridor_count": 1254,
      "active_hs6_count": 1
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "hs4": 8608,
      "global_trade_usd": 461998914.83468187,
      "corridor_count": 1373,
      "active_hs6_count": 1
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "hs4": 8608,
      "global_trade_usd": 511129056.494309,
      "corridor_count": 1444,
      "active_hs6_count": 1
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "hs4": 8608,
      "global_trade_usd": 748395440.0935636,
      "corridor_count": 1450,
      "active_hs6_count": 1
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "hs4": 8608,
      "global_trade_usd": 655723451.9075996,
      "corridor_count": 1550,
      "active_hs6_count": 1
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "hs4": 8608,
      "global_trade_usd": 702538261.7387122,
      "corridor_count": 1613,
      "active_hs6_count": 1
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "hs4": 8608,
      "global_trade_usd": 832067041.5777557,
      "corridor_count": 1712,
      "active_hs6_count": 1
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "hs4": 8608,
      "global_trade_usd": 696857573.0765433,
      "corridor_count": 1750,
      "active_hs6_count": 1
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "hs4": 8608,
      "global_trade_usd": 897976176.5413576,
      "corridor_count": 1744,
      "active_hs6_count": 1
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "hs4": 8608,
      "global_trade_usd": 875651922.5717752,
      "corridor_count": 1725,
      "active_hs6_count": 1
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "hs4": 8608,
      "global_trade_usd": 906384915.3532289,
      "corridor_count": 1930,
      "active_hs6_count": 1
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "hs4": 8608,
      "global_trade_usd": 954371826.1888175,
      "corridor_count": 2047,
      "active_hs6_count": 1
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "hs4": 8608,
      "global_trade_usd": 1076024508.6346717,
      "corridor_count": 2011,
      "active_hs6_count": 1
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "hs4": 8608,
      "global_trade_usd": 1011835007.2932531,
      "corridor_count": 2104,
      "active_hs6_count": 1
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "hs4": 8608,
      "global_trade_usd": 949783349.3934487,
      "corridor_count": 2177,
      "active_hs6_count": 1
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "hs4": 8608,
      "global_trade_usd": 941039132.6817133,
      "corridor_count": 2324,
      "active_hs6_count": 1
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "hs4": 8608,
      "global_trade_usd": 1045221655.0294937,
      "corridor_count": 2284,
      "active_hs6_count": 1
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "hs4": 8608,
      "global_trade_usd": 1018320719.4155083,
      "corridor_count": 2294,
      "active_hs6_count": 1
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "hs4": 8608,
      "global_trade_usd": 844098866.8552037,
      "corridor_count": 2193,
      "active_hs6_count": 1
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "hs4": 8608,
      "global_trade_usd": 954998886.8848705,
      "corridor_count": 2218,
      "active_hs6_count": 1
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "hs4": 8608,
      "global_trade_usd": 987406998.2861273,
      "corridor_count": 2323,
      "active_hs6_count": 1
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "hs4": 8608,
      "global_trade_usd": 1138573199.2544827,
      "corridor_count": 2353,
      "active_hs6_count": 1
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "hs4": 8608,
      "global_trade_usd": 1167217099.4378455,
      "corridor_count": 2443,
      "active_hs6_count": 1
    }
  ],
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      "corridor_rank": 1,
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      "importer_iso3": "KAZ",
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      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 16309658.953875933,
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      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 11.928574019616356,
      "historical_peak_usd": 48816184.34223537,
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      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 33.87494158940203,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "active_hs6_count": 1,
      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 3112,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
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      "mfn_tariff_pct": 0.08811168753409962,
      "preferential_tariff_pct": 0.0020909418007662834,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.08602074573333333,
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "Russia",
      "importer_name": "Kazakhstan"
    },
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      "hs4": 8608,
      "corridor_rank": 2,
      "exporter_iso3": "USA",
      "importer_iso3": "CAN",
      "first_data_year": 1995,
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      "exports_latest_usd": 45180867.35353609,
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      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 46206028.99980981,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 46783755.14584392,
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      "exporter_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
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      "exporter_name": "Austria",
      "importer_name": "Switzerland, Liechtenstein"
    },
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      "hs4": 8608,
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      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
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  "products": [
    {
      "hs_code": "860800",
      "product_name": "Railway or tramway track fixtures and fittings: mechanical (including electro-mechanical) signalling, safety or traffic control equipment for railways, tramways, roads, inland waterways, parking facilities, port installations or airfields: parts thereof"
    }
  ],
  "methodology": {
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.",
    "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.",
    "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed."
  }
}