{
  "template": "T9",
  "canonicalTemplate": "TS-HS4-CORRIDOR-09-SUBSECTOR-TOP-CORRIDORS",
  "templateName": "HS4 Subsector Top Trade Corridors",
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector top trade corridors",
  "source": "api",
  "robots": "index, follow",
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-28T10:23:59.362Z",
  "title": "HS4 8602 top trade corridors | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Explore reported HS4 8602 trade corridors: leading exporter-to-importer routes, value, growth, market share, access, tariffs, and distance context.",
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8602/corridors",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
    ]
  },
  "branding": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-28)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-28",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-28"
      }
    ]
  },
  "breadcrumbs": [
    {
      "name": "Home",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/"
    },
    {
      "name": "HS4 8602",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8602"
    },
    {
      "name": "Corridors",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8602/corridors"
    }
  ],
  "hs4": "8602",
  "parentHs2": "86",
  "subsectorName": "Rail locomotives",
  "overview": {
    "hs4": "8602",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "years_with_data": 30,
    "latest_trade_usd": 1494340330.0140033,
    "trade_avg_3y_usd": 1373456545.0766795,
    "trade_avg_5y_usd": 1282050408.805823,
    "trade_avg_10y_usd": 1271102975.996531,
    "trade_cagr_3y_pct": 6.029872682816295,
    "trade_cagr_5y_pct": 14.199676030827323,
    "trade_cagr_10y_pct": -5.682348101838519,
    "historical_peak_usd": 2862248649.5078077,
    "historical_peak_year": 2013,
    "latest_below_peak_pct": 47.7913866682767,
    "yoy_growth_latest_pct": 62.94874593083945,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 11.712220784654814,
    "trend_label": "Growing",
    "exporter_concentration_hhi": 2426.77108243951,
    "importer_concentration_hhi": 1096.0407263685115,
    "trade_volatility_cv": 0.4189287857439629,
    "active_corridor_count": 520,
    "active_exporter_count": 82,
    "active_importer_count": 130,
    "active_hs6_count": 2,
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "summary": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 1494340330.0140033,
    "corridorsShown": 25,
    "displayedRouteValueUsd": 1243350738.799998,
    "topFiveSharePct": 37.645063437117926,
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "leadingCorridor": {
      "rank": 1,
      "exporterIso3": "ESP",
      "importerIso3": "DEU",
      "exporterName": "Spain",
      "importerName": "Germany",
      "value": 145430695.97486126,
      "cagr3": 19.6548138467487,
      "cagr5": 80.91627861607928,
      "cagr10": 34.505122064581364,
      "share": 9.732100048019078,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
      "distanceKm": 1872,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 145430695.97486126,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 12,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    }
  },
  "indicators": {
    "tradeCagr3yPct": 6.029872682816295,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 14.199676030827323,
    "tradeCagr10yPct": -5.682348101838519,
    "latestYoyPct": 62.94874593083945,
    "trendLabel": "Growing",
    "historicalPeakUsd": 2862248649.5078077,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2013,
    "latestBelowPeakPct": 47.7913866682767,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 2426.77108243951,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 1096.0407263685115,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.4189287857439629,
    "yearsWithData": 30
  },
  "answer": "Spain to Germany leads the reported HS4 8602 routes with $145.4M in 2024 and +19.7% calculated three-year growth. The HS4 subsector recorded $1.5B in latest reported trade, with +6% calculated three-year growth.",
  "corridors": [
    {
      "rank": 1,
      "exporterIso3": "ESP",
      "importerIso3": "DEU",
      "exporterName": "Spain",
      "importerName": "Germany",
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      "cagr3": 19.6548138467487,
      "cagr5": 80.91627861607928,
      "cagr10": 34.505122064581364,
      "share": 9.732100048019078,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
      "distanceKm": 1872,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 145430695.97486126,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 12,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 2,
      "exporterIso3": "USA",
      "importerIso3": "MEX",
      "exporterName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
      "importerName": "Mexico",
      "value": 130031204.86549684,
      "cagr3": 353.98377980625366,
      "cagr5": 171.541831698194,
      "cagr10": 33.158477759341,
      "share": 8.701579034829257,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.09682042786095757,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.1360029642040404,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.004818716757840405,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.1311842474462,
      "distanceKm": 3359,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 251365594.8010426,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2015,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 48.27008645776788,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 3,
      "exporterIso3": "USA",
      "importerIso3": "CAN",
      "exporterName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
      "importerName": "Canada",
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      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
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      "appliedTariffPct": 0.045807528214990095,
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      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.043961979603501,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.031168520881953585,
      "distanceKm": 556,
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      "historicalPeakYear": 2006,
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      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
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      "rank": 4,
      "exporterIso3": "USA",
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      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
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      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.007964930793187878,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.0707644377967111,
      "distanceKm": 16672,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 230162635.23835054,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2012,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 59.43254224462997,
      "yearsWithData": 29,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 5,
      "exporterIso3": "ESP",
      "importerIso3": "TWN",
      "exporterName": "Spain",
      "importerName": "Taiwan",
      "value": 81880265.88278,
      "cagr3": null,
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      "share": 5.479358633251417,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
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      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 10815,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 81880265.88278,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 2,
      "trendLabel": "Insufficient history"
    },
    {
      "rank": 6,
      "exporterIso3": "FRA",
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      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
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      "historicalPeakUsd": 76572503.10042547,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
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      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 7,
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      "importerIso3": "PRT",
      "exporterName": "Spain",
      "importerName": "Portugal",
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    },
    {
      "rank": 8,
      "exporterIso3": "DEU",
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      "exporterName": "Germany",
      "importerName": "Slovakia",
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      "ftaKnown": true,
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      "distanceKm": 553,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 69595894.84104156,
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    },
    {
      "rank": 9,
      "exporterIso3": "SVK",
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      "importerName": "Czechia",
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      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
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      "distanceKm": 291,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 58038214.811922625,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
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      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 10,
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      "importerIso3": "FIN",
      "exporterName": "Spain",
      "importerName": "Finland",
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      "cagr3": 2254.205508896977,
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    },
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      "rank": 11,
      "exporterIso3": "USA",
      "importerIso3": "EGY",
      "exporterName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
      "importerName": "Egypt",
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      "hasFta": false,
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      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 12,
      "exporterIso3": "USA",
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      "exporterName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
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      "trendLabel": "Stable"
    },
    {
      "rank": 13,
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      "trendLabel": "Declining"
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      "ftaKnown": true,
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      "historicalPeakUsd": 28463480,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
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      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 15,
      "exporterIso3": "USA",
      "importerIso3": "MNG",
      "exporterName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
      "importerName": "Mongolia",
      "value": 27345264.99107377,
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      "historicalPeakUsd": 27345264.99107377,
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    },
    {
      "rank": 16,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "SLE",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "Sierra Leone",
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      "ftaKnown": true,
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      "appliedTariffPct": 0.14364463884242426,
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      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
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      "historicalPeakUsd": 26095157,
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      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
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    },
    {
      "rank": 17,
      "exporterIso3": "CZE",
      "importerIso3": "ITA",
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      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.005402134669555556,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.016773889473301586,
      "distanceKm": 923,
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