{
  "template": "T9",
  "canonicalTemplate": "TS-HS4-CORRIDOR-09-SUBSECTOR-TOP-CORRIDORS",
  "templateName": "HS4 Subsector Top Trade Corridors",
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector top trade corridors",
  "source": "api",
  "robots": "index, follow",
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-28T10:23:59.172Z",
  "title": "HS4 8545 top trade corridors | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Explore reported HS4 8545 trade corridors: leading exporter-to-importer routes, value, growth, market share, access, tariffs, and distance context.",
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8545/corridors",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
    ]
  },
  "branding": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-28)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-28",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-28"
      }
    ]
  },
  "breadcrumbs": [
    {
      "name": "Home",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/"
    },
    {
      "name": "HS4 8545",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8545"
    },
    {
      "name": "Corridors",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8545/corridors"
    }
  ],
  "hs4": "8545",
  "parentHs2": "85",
  "subsectorName": "Carbon electrodes",
  "overview": {
    "hs4": "8545",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "years_with_data": 30,
    "latest_trade_usd": 5771703441.023284,
    "trade_avg_3y_usd": 6906512177.650693,
    "trade_avg_5y_usd": 6592431827.677689,
    "trade_avg_10y_usd": 6732045327.2042,
    "trade_cagr_3y_pct": -5.026095545688181,
    "trade_cagr_5y_pct": -9.091693911146148,
    "trade_cagr_10y_pct": 0.43055838640972954,
    "historical_peak_usd": 11434409579.463047,
    "historical_peak_year": 2018,
    "latest_below_peak_pct": 49.52338027676004,
    "yoy_growth_latest_pct": -10.247966902324459,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.06896551724138,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -5.45665393209791,
    "trend_label": "Declining",
    "exporter_concentration_hhi": 2106.503747883791,
    "importer_concentration_hhi": 556.8205123293687,
    "trade_volatility_cv": 0.49278998697868004,
    "active_corridor_count": 5380,
    "active_exporter_count": 178,
    "active_importer_count": 198,
    "active_hs6_count": 4,
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "summary": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 5771703441.023284,
    "corridorsShown": 25,
    "displayedRouteValueUsd": 2650247149.367139,
    "topFiveSharePct": 21.71080728360764,
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "leadingCorridor": {
      "rank": 1,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "MYS",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "Malaysia",
      "value": 363856454.5680678,
      "cagr3": -6.786584367245885,
      "cagr5": -10.39635930444922,
      "cagr10": 11.153869512840675,
      "share": 6.3041432791210505,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.1265993152040404,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.1339099772020202,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.07773905117373738,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.05617092602828282,
      "distanceKm": 3737,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 629943797.2080297,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2019,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 42.23985438372219,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Declining"
    }
  },
  "indicators": {
    "tradeCagr3yPct": -5.026095545688181,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": -9.091693911146148,
    "tradeCagr10yPct": 0.43055838640972954,
    "latestYoyPct": -10.247966902324459,
    "trendLabel": "Declining",
    "historicalPeakUsd": 11434409579.463047,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2018,
    "latestBelowPeakPct": 49.52338027676004,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 2106.503747883791,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 556.8205123293687,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.49278998697868004,
    "yearsWithData": 30
  },
  "answer": "China to Malaysia leads the reported HS4 8545 routes with $363.9M in 2024 and -6.8% calculated three-year growth. The HS4 subsector recorded $5.8B in latest reported trade, with -5% calculated three-year growth.",
  "corridors": [
    {
      "rank": 1,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "MYS",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "Malaysia",
      "value": 363856454.5680678,
      "cagr3": -6.786584367245885,
      "cagr5": -10.39635930444922,
      "cagr10": 11.153869512840675,
      "share": 6.3041432791210505,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.1265993152040404,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.1339099772020202,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.07773905117373738,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.05617092602828282,
      "distanceKm": 3737,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 629943797.2080297,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2019,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 42.23985438372219,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Declining"
    },
    {
      "rank": 2,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "RUS",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "Russia",
      "value": 270509188,
      "cagr3": -2.369072872727329,
      "cagr5": 3.3570145324922196,
      "cagr10": 8.9773176820376,
      "share": 4.6868171721595,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.0670139446670498,
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      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.0692081698762452,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.04504952727318008,
      "distanceKm": 6831,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 467885986.36194795,
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    },
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      "importerName": "Canada",
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      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.001714705189462623,
      "distanceKm": 8105,
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      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 5,
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      "importerName": "United Arab Emirates",
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    },
    {
      "rank": 6,
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      "importerName": "Iceland",
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      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
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      "rank": 7,
      "exporterIso3": "NLD",
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      "exporterName": "Netherlands",
      "importerName": "Iceland",
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    },
    {
      "rank": 8,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "IDN",
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      "importerName": "Indonesia",
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    {
      "rank": 9,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "IRN",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "Iran (Islamic Republic of)",
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    },
    {
      "rank": 10,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
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      "importerName": "Iceland",
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      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
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      "rank": 12,
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      "importerName": "Republic of Korea",
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    },
    {
      "rank": 13,
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      "importerIso3": "USA",
      "exporterName": "Mexico",
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    },
    {
      "rank": 14,
      "exporterIso3": "JPN",
      "importerIso3": "USA",
      "exporterName": "Japan",
      "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
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      "share": 1.0549684080748345,
      "ftaKnown": true,
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      "rank": 15,
      "exporterIso3": "IND",
      "importerIso3": "USA",
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      "ftaKnown": true,
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      "distanceKm": 11771,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 100362634.68389279,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2018,
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      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 16,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "USA",
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      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
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      "distanceKm": 11883,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 264231954.20114216,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2018,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 79.18532915404933,
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      "trendLabel": "Growing"
    },
    {
      "rank": 17,
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