{
  "template": "T9",
  "canonicalTemplate": "TS-HS4-CORRIDOR-09-SUBSECTOR-TOP-CORRIDORS",
  "templateName": "HS4 Subsector Top Trade Corridors",
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector top trade corridors",
  "source": "api",
  "robots": "index, follow",
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-28T10:23:58.912Z",
  "title": "HS4 8539 top trade corridors | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Explore reported HS4 8539 trade corridors: leading exporter-to-importer routes, value, growth, market share, access, tariffs, and distance context.",
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8539/corridors",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
    ]
  },
  "branding": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-28)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-28",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-28"
      }
    ]
  },
  "breadcrumbs": [
    {
      "name": "Home",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/"
    },
    {
      "name": "HS4 8539",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8539"
    },
    {
      "name": "Corridors",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8539/corridors"
    }
  ],
  "hs4": "8539",
  "parentHs2": "85",
  "subsectorName": "Lamps",
  "overview": {
    "hs4": "8539",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "years_with_data": 30,
    "latest_trade_usd": 13151405514.767601,
    "trade_avg_3y_usd": 14189587247.242493,
    "trade_avg_5y_usd": 14453426048.51508,
    "trade_avg_10y_usd": 15385703294.567501,
    "trade_cagr_3y_pct": -4.9111475109551055,
    "trade_cagr_5y_pct": -2.3752730423093116,
    "trade_cagr_10y_pct": -4.079847729681307,
    "historical_peak_usd": 34328543454.32681,
    "historical_peak_year": 2006,
    "latest_below_peak_pct": 61.68959066886952,
    "yoy_growth_latest_pct": -6.245770433657791,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -0.8312997812737981,
    "trend_label": "Declining",
    "exporter_concentration_hhi": 2464.8131077481708,
    "importer_concentration_hhi": 616.8321151270665,
    "trade_volatility_cv": 0.28118113829200087,
    "active_corridor_count": 9094,
    "active_exporter_count": 196,
    "active_importer_count": 200,
    "active_hs6_count": 11,
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "summary": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 13151405514.767601,
    "corridorsShown": 25,
    "displayedRouteValueUsd": 5494175971.851865,
    "topFiveSharePct": 21.095781261347614,
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "leadingCorridor": {
      "rank": 1,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "USA",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
      "value": 1744164045.494861,
      "cagr3": -9.782374875387523,
      "cagr5": -3.08884738706634,
      "cagr10": -0.7250292379358703,
      "share": 13.262187402984068,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 11883,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 2406632617.0744514,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 27.526784390751757,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Declining"
    }
  },
  "indicators": {
    "tradeCagr3yPct": -4.9111475109551055,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": -2.3752730423093116,
    "tradeCagr10yPct": -4.079847729681307,
    "latestYoyPct": -6.245770433657791,
    "trendLabel": "Declining",
    "historicalPeakUsd": 34328543454.32681,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2006,
    "latestBelowPeakPct": 61.68959066886952,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 2464.8131077481708,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 616.8321151270665,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.28118113829200087,
    "yearsWithData": 30
  },
  "answer": "China to USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands leads the reported HS4 8539 routes with $1.7B in 2024 and -9.8% calculated three-year growth. The HS4 subsector recorded $13.2B in latest reported trade, with -4.9% calculated three-year growth.",
  "corridors": [
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      "rank": 1,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "USA",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
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      "cagr3": -9.782374875387523,
      "cagr5": -3.08884738706634,
      "cagr10": -0.7250292379358703,
      "share": 13.262187402984068,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 11883,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 2406632617.0744514,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 27.526784390751757,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Declining"
    },
    {
      "rank": 2,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "DEU",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "Germany",
      "value": 308650148.6549731,
      "cagr3": -1.2156218781048,
      "cagr5": 1.2152118878420826,
      "cagr10": -2.4659591498181754,
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      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.019524322693477366,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.058782636827160485,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.0166649603067814,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.04211767652037909,
      "distanceKm": 8415,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 425213820.9873398,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
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      "trendLabel": "Stable"
    },
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      "importerName": "Japan",
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      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.02411875489129495,
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    },
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      "rank": 4,
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      "importerIso3": "MEX",
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      "importerName": "Mexico",
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      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
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      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
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      "historicalPeakUsd": 320070456.450919,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2015,
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    },
    {
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      "exporterName": "Germany",
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      "trendLabel": "Growing"
    },
    {
      "rank": 6,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "IDN",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "Indonesia",
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    },
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      "rank": 7,
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      "importerIso3": "GBR",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "United Kingdom",
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    },
    {
      "rank": 8,
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    },
    {
      "rank": 9,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "RUS",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "Russia",
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    },
    {
      "rank": 10,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "POL",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "Poland",
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    },
    {
      "rank": 11,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "THA",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "Thailand",
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      "cagr3": 3.926594999647137,
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      "rank": 12,
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      "importerIso3": "CAN",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "Canada",
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    },
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      "importerName": "France",
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      "historicalPeakUsd": 289795213.69412684,
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      "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
    },
    {
      "rank": 14,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "VNM",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "Viet Nam",
      "value": 141555298.67741024,
      "cagr3": -9.571628079118888,
      "cagr5": -5.336770588346241,
      "cagr10": -3.714652862973622,
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      "ftaKnown": true,
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      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
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      "distanceKm": 2732,
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    },
    {
      "rank": 15,
      "exporterIso3": "JPN",
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      "cagr5": -4.240368205850642,
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      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
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      "appliedTariffPct": 0.3018987556787879,
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      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
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      "distanceKm": 1763,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 847362350.5693176,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2006,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 84.65935305722721,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
    },
    {
      "rank": 16,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "IND",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "India",
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      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
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      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.07929677931515151,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.45301342082222223,
      "distanceKm": 4252,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 175670266.6437484,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2013,
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      "trendLabel": "Stable"
    },
    {
      "rank": 17,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
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