{
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview",
  "source": "api",
  "title": "Brazing or soldering machines and apparatus (HS4 8515) Trade Overview | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Review reported global trade for brazing or soldering machines and apparatus at HS4 8515, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.",
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8515",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
    ]
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-27",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-27"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8515/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8515/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8515/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8515/index.ld.json",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "internalLinks": {
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app",
    "platform": "https://www.yugalinks.com/platform",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage",
    "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai"
  },
  "subsector": {
    "hs4": "8515",
    "name": "Brazing or soldering machines and apparatus"
  },
  "coverage": {
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "answer": "The brazing or soldering machines and apparatus subsector recorded $12.3B in reported global trade in 2024, with -5.1% annual change.",
  "keyFigures": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 12270249243.48249,
    "latestAnnualChangePct": -5.109085314151995,
    "activeExporters": 195,
    "activeImporters": 200,
    "activeHs6Products": 8
  },
  "growthAndStructure": {
    "trendLabel": "Stable",
    "tradeCagr3yPct": 0.24988592571082435,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 1.250130673938199,
    "historicalPeakUsd": 12704436477.985657,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
    "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 62.06896551724138,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 1802.423282691884,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 471.35683199709246,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.30960131545563396
  },
  "annualRows": [
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "hs4": 8515,
      "global_trade_usd": 4669011173.763216,
      "corridor_count": 3858,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "hs4": 8515,
      "global_trade_usd": 4732434927.676204,
      "corridor_count": 3946,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "hs4": 8515,
      "global_trade_usd": 5155302909.145747,
      "corridor_count": 3928,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "hs4": 8515,
      "global_trade_usd": 4871705546.309118,
      "corridor_count": 4057,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "hs4": 8515,
      "global_trade_usd": 5088116603.653675,
      "corridor_count": 4277,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "hs4": 8515,
      "global_trade_usd": 5916978754.782824,
      "corridor_count": 4942,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "hs4": 8515,
      "global_trade_usd": 5048015234.753049,
      "corridor_count": 5072,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "hs4": 8515,
      "global_trade_usd": 4982245501.880536,
      "corridor_count": 5412,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "hs4": 8515,
      "global_trade_usd": 6040273188.315862,
      "corridor_count": 5440,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "hs4": 8515,
      "global_trade_usd": 7614058318.685496,
      "corridor_count": 5585,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "hs4": 8515,
      "global_trade_usd": 8302747742.596819,
      "corridor_count": 5764,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "hs4": 8515,
      "global_trade_usd": 9622227290.049862,
      "corridor_count": 6103,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "hs4": 8515,
      "global_trade_usd": 9876574316.998562,
      "corridor_count": 6349,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "hs4": 8515,
      "global_trade_usd": 10614875249.835247,
      "corridor_count": 6467,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "hs4": 8515,
      "global_trade_usd": 7272962695.916956,
      "corridor_count": 6390,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "hs4": 8515,
      "global_trade_usd": 8693149198.886827,
      "corridor_count": 6407,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "hs4": 8515,
      "global_trade_usd": 10662239501.902023,
      "corridor_count": 6563,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "hs4": 8515,
      "global_trade_usd": 10878529582.79942,
      "corridor_count": 6867,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "hs4": 8515,
      "global_trade_usd": 10957186136.690863,
      "corridor_count": 6889,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "hs4": 8515,
      "global_trade_usd": 11133969440.78374,
      "corridor_count": 7077,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "hs4": 8515,
      "global_trade_usd": 10143824871.809362,
      "corridor_count": 7160,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "hs4": 8515,
      "global_trade_usd": 10231186459.36723,
      "corridor_count": 7095,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "hs4": 8515,
      "global_trade_usd": 11370738057.830936,
      "corridor_count": 7366,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "hs4": 8515,
      "global_trade_usd": 12035923892.093855,
      "corridor_count": 7388,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "hs4": 8515,
      "global_trade_usd": 11531224371.77183,
      "corridor_count": 7387,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "hs4": 8515,
      "global_trade_usd": 10577379590.738693,
      "corridor_count": 7016,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "hs4": 8515,
      "global_trade_usd": 12178722172.829924,
      "corridor_count": 7261,
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    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
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      "global_trade_usd": 12048121604.726376,
      "corridor_count": 7395,
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    },
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      "year": 2023,
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      "global_trade_usd": 12704436477.985657,
      "corridor_count": 7425,
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    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "hs4": 8515,
      "global_trade_usd": 12270249243.48249,
      "corridor_count": 7367,
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      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "Germany",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
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      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "Canada",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
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      "corridor_rank": 9,
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      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "first_data_year": 1995,
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "years_with_data": 30,
      "exports_latest_usd": 220852186.95726246,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 211986081.85674366,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 208693015.83310667,
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      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.654738945042744,
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      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 7.721833268456257,
      "historical_peak_usd": 232188866.6509018,
      "historical_peak_year": 2021,
      "latest_below_peak_pct": 4.882525100001519,
      "yoy_growth_latest_pct": 16.077500908168,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65.51724137931035,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -9.376572213499001,
      "trend_label": "Stable",
      "active_hs6_count": 8,
      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 11883,
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      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "mfn_tariff_pct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "preferential_tariff_pct": null,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "China",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
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      "hs4": 8515,
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      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 13.759201766983264,
      "historical_peak_usd": 197864373.41684404,
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      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
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      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 4252,
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      "exporter_name": "China",
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      "export_partner_count": 164,
      "import_partner_count": 84,
      "active_hs6_count": 8,
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      "year": 2024,
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      "export_partner_count": 129,
      "import_partner_count": 62,
      "active_hs6_count": 8,
      "country_name": "Republic of Korea"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
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      "exports_usd": 523740091.1926887,
      "imports_usd": 126605842.37887329,
      "trade_balance_usd": 397134248.8138154,
      "export_partner_count": 142,
      "import_partner_count": 80,
      "active_hs6_count": 8,
      "country_name": "Switzerland, Liechtenstein"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "AUT",
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      "exports_usd": 355072366.26551896,
      "imports_usd": 138912619.58743545,
      "trade_balance_usd": 216159746.6780835,
      "export_partner_count": 127,
      "import_partner_count": 94,
      "active_hs6_count": 8,
      "country_name": "Austria"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
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      "export_partner_count": 125,
      "import_partner_count": 68,
      "active_hs6_count": 8,
      "country_name": "Canada"
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      "year": 2024,
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      "trade_balance_usd": -35418487.31838131,
      "export_partner_count": 155,
      "import_partner_count": 99,
      "active_hs6_count": 8,
      "country_name": "France"
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      "export_partner_count": 169,
      "import_partner_count": 92,
      "active_hs6_count": 8,
      "country_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
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      "trade_balance_usd": -678603295.3990968,
      "export_partner_count": 122,
      "import_partner_count": 117,
      "active_hs6_count": 8,
      "country_name": "Mexico"
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      "exports_usd": 2141108160.6178532,
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      "export_partner_count": 171,
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      "active_hs6_count": 8,
      "country_name": "Germany"
    },
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      "year": 2024,
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      "trade_balance_usd": 2333341755.519148,
      "export_partner_count": 197,
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      "country_name": "China"
    },
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      "export_partner_count": 125,
      "import_partner_count": 68,
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      "country_name": "Canada"
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      "year": 2024,
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      "imports_usd": 437585223.52370846,
      "trade_balance_usd": -359742390.91721755,
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      "import_partner_count": 68,
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      "country_name": "India"
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      "year": 2024,
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      "export_partner_count": 156,
      "import_partner_count": 88,
      "active_hs6_count": 8,
      "country_name": "United Kingdom"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "RUS",
      "hs4": 8515,
      "exports_usd": 22611795.73765634,
      "imports_usd": 354336402.711697,
      "trade_balance_usd": -331724606.9740406,
      "export_partner_count": 35,
      "import_partner_count": 35,
      "active_hs6_count": 8,
      "country_name": "Russia"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "FRA",
      "hs4": 8515,
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      "imports_usd": 335682563.6930834,
      "trade_balance_usd": -35418487.31838131,
      "export_partner_count": 155,
      "import_partner_count": 99,
      "active_hs6_count": 8,
      "country_name": "France"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "POL",
      "hs4": 8515,
      "exports_usd": 210615263.48495883,
      "imports_usd": 324465567.65347135,
      "trade_balance_usd": -113850304.16851252,
      "export_partner_count": 137,
      "import_partner_count": 74,
      "active_hs6_count": 8,
      "country_name": "Poland"
    }
  ],
  "products": [
    {
      "hs_code": "851511",
      "product_name": "Brazing or soldering machines and apparatus: soldering irons and guns, whether or not capable of cutting"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "851519",
      "product_name": "Brazing or soldering machines and apparatus: other than soldering irons and guns, whether or not capable of cutting"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "851521",
      "product_name": "Welding machines and apparatus: for resistance welding of metal, fully or partly automatic, whether or not capable of cutting"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "851529",
      "product_name": "Welding machines and apparatus: for resistance welding of metal, other than fully or partly automatic, whether or not capable of cutting"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "851531",
      "product_name": "Welding machines and apparatus: for arc (including plasma arc) welding of metals, fully or partly automatic, whether or not capable of cutting"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "851539",
      "product_name": "Welding machines and apparatus: for arc (including plasma arc) welding of metals, other than fully or partly automatic, whether or not capable of cutting"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "851580",
      "product_name": "Welding machines and apparatus: n.e.c. in heading no. 8515, whether or not capable of cutting"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "851590",
      "product_name": "Welding, brazing or soldering machines: parts of the machines of heading no. 8515"
    }
  ],
  "methodology": {
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.",
    "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.",
    "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed."
  }
}