{
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview",
  "source": "api",
  "title": "Ignition or starting equipment (HS4 8511) Trade Overview | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Review reported global trade for ignition or starting equipment at HS4 8511, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.",
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8511",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
    ]
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-27",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-27"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8511/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8511/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8511/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8511/index.ld.json",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "internalLinks": {
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app",
    "platform": "https://www.yugalinks.com/platform",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage",
    "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai"
  },
  "subsector": {
    "hs4": "8511",
    "name": "Ignition or starting equipment"
  },
  "coverage": {
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "answer": "The ignition or starting equipment subsector recorded $21.8B in reported global trade in 2024, with +3.9% annual change.",
  "keyFigures": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 21754014052.585796,
    "latestAnnualChangePct": 3.942448828742162,
    "activeExporters": 196,
    "activeImporters": 200,
    "activeHs6Products": 7
  },
  "growthAndStructure": {
    "trendLabel": "Stable",
    "tradeCagr3yPct": 1.6436689804018245,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 1.686308966437533,
    "historicalPeakUsd": 21754014052.585796,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
    "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 79.3103448275862,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 1138.9725159428522,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 688.5682856557877,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.36866001277871524
  },
  "annualRows": [
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "hs4": 8511,
      "global_trade_usd": 6392469600.487653,
      "corridor_count": 4324,
      "active_hs6_count": 7
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "hs4": 8511,
      "global_trade_usd": 6606958358.84506,
      "corridor_count": 4413,
      "active_hs6_count": 7
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "hs4": 8511,
      "global_trade_usd": 6871910947.518842,
      "corridor_count": 4404,
      "active_hs6_count": 7
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "hs4": 8511,
      "global_trade_usd": 6963934607.04855,
      "corridor_count": 4527,
      "active_hs6_count": 7
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "hs4": 8511,
      "global_trade_usd": 7723391215.973288,
      "corridor_count": 4912,
      "active_hs6_count": 7
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "hs4": 8511,
      "global_trade_usd": 7863712011.657671,
      "corridor_count": 5906,
      "active_hs6_count": 7
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "hs4": 8511,
      "global_trade_usd": 7519031805.8482485,
      "corridor_count": 6075,
      "active_hs6_count": 7
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "hs4": 8511,
      "global_trade_usd": 8299211399.109801,
      "corridor_count": 6287,
      "active_hs6_count": 7
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "hs4": 8511,
      "global_trade_usd": 9644831745.52477,
      "corridor_count": 6529,
      "active_hs6_count": 7
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "hs4": 8511,
      "global_trade_usd": 10928228025.683819,
      "corridor_count": 6695,
      "active_hs6_count": 7
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "hs4": 8511,
      "global_trade_usd": 11811550039.374992,
      "corridor_count": 6943,
      "active_hs6_count": 7
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "hs4": 8511,
      "global_trade_usd": 12684028161.531229,
      "corridor_count": 7325,
      "active_hs6_count": 7
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "hs4": 8511,
      "global_trade_usd": 14436159907.463732,
      "corridor_count": 7673,
      "active_hs6_count": 7
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "hs4": 8511,
      "global_trade_usd": 15738454174.625446,
      "corridor_count": 7853,
      "active_hs6_count": 7
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "hs4": 8511,
      "global_trade_usd": 12830906315.056374,
      "corridor_count": 7826,
      "active_hs6_count": 7
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "hs4": 8511,
      "global_trade_usd": 15659965252.052763,
      "corridor_count": 7953,
      "active_hs6_count": 7
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "hs4": 8511,
      "global_trade_usd": 18358345554.09668,
      "corridor_count": 8241,
      "active_hs6_count": 7
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "hs4": 8511,
      "global_trade_usd": 18572010007.66045,
      "corridor_count": 8397,
      "active_hs6_count": 7
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "hs4": 8511,
      "global_trade_usd": 19116470377.938023,
      "corridor_count": 8387,
      "active_hs6_count": 7
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "hs4": 8511,
      "global_trade_usd": 19665790798.22233,
      "corridor_count": 8829,
      "active_hs6_count": 7
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "hs4": 8511,
      "global_trade_usd": 18264604915.286095,
      "corridor_count": 8716,
      "active_hs6_count": 7
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "hs4": 8511,
      "global_trade_usd": 19173410975.06218,
      "corridor_count": 8804,
      "active_hs6_count": 7
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "hs4": 8511,
      "global_trade_usd": 19839474500.412518,
      "corridor_count": 9072,
      "active_hs6_count": 7
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "hs4": 8511,
      "global_trade_usd": 20922246918.47329,
      "corridor_count": 9006,
      "active_hs6_count": 7
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "hs4": 8511,
      "global_trade_usd": 20009073855.79121,
      "corridor_count": 9084,
      "active_hs6_count": 7
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "hs4": 8511,
      "global_trade_usd": 17349838709.34612,
      "corridor_count": 8825,
      "active_hs6_count": 7
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
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      "corridor_count": 9044,
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    },
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      "year": 2022,
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      "corridor_count": 9085,
      "active_hs6_count": 7
    },
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      "year": 2023,
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      "corridor_count": 9204,
      "active_hs6_count": 7
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "hs4": 8511,
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      "corridor_count": 9103,
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    }
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      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "Mexico",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
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      "distance_km": 8938,
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      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
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      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 881,
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      "year": 2024,
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      "country_name": "Republic of Korea"
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      "year": 2024,
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  ],
  "products": [
    {
      "hs_code": "851110",
      "product_name": "Ignition or starting equipment: spark plugs, of a kind used for spark or compression-ignition internal combustion engines"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "851120",
      "product_name": "Ignition or starting equipment: ignition magnetos, magneto-dynamos and magnetic flywheels, of a kind used for spark or compression-ignition internal combustion engines"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "851130",
      "product_name": "Ignition or starting equipment: distributors and ignition coils of a kind used for spark-ignition or compression-ignition internal combustion engines"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "851140",
      "product_name": "Ignition or starting equipment: starter motors and dual purpose starter-generators, of a kind used for spark or compression-ignition internal combustion engines"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "851150",
      "product_name": "Ignition or starting equipment: generators n.e.c. in heading no. 8511, of a kind used for spark or compression-ignition internal combustion engines"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "851180",
      "product_name": "Ignition or starting equipment: n.e.s. in heading no. 8511, of a kind used for spark or compression-ignition internal combustion engines"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "851190",
      "product_name": "Ignition or starting equipment: parts of the equipment of heading no. 8511, for use in spark-ignition or compression-ignition internal combustion engines"
    }
  ],
  "methodology": {
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.",
    "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.",
    "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed."
  }
}