{
  "template": "T9",
  "canonicalTemplate": "TS-HS4-CORRIDOR-09-SUBSECTOR-TOP-CORRIDORS",
  "templateName": "HS4 Subsector Top Trade Corridors",
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector top trade corridors",
  "source": "api",
  "robots": "index, follow",
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-28T10:23:57.043Z",
  "title": "HS4 8503 top trade corridors | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Explore reported HS4 8503 trade corridors: leading exporter-to-importer routes, value, growth, market share, access, tariffs, and distance context.",
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8503/corridors",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
    ]
  },
  "branding": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-28)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-28",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-28"
      }
    ]
  },
  "breadcrumbs": [
    {
      "name": "Home",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/"
    },
    {
      "name": "HS4 8503",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8503"
    },
    {
      "name": "Corridors",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8503/corridors"
    }
  ],
  "hs4": "8503",
  "parentHs2": "85",
  "subsectorName": "Electric motors and generators",
  "overview": {
    "hs4": "8503",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "years_with_data": 30,
    "latest_trade_usd": 24839719760.49298,
    "trade_avg_3y_usd": 24595694718.546932,
    "trade_avg_5y_usd": 23012327453.032494,
    "trade_avg_10y_usd": 20390092106.655922,
    "trade_cagr_3y_pct": 2.4428167497688724,
    "trade_cagr_5y_pct": 5.1989172553216,
    "trade_cagr_10y_pct": 3.185382089586608,
    "historical_peak_usd": 24839719760.49298,
    "historical_peak_year": 2024,
    "latest_below_peak_pct": 0,
    "yoy_growth_latest_pct": 0.7534810426800931,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 72.41379310344827,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -0.7425653398177356,
    "trend_label": "Stable",
    "exporter_concentration_hhi": 1098.7027787319691,
    "importer_concentration_hhi": 646.4506742462451,
    "trade_volatility_cv": 0.4414688543085245,
    "active_corridor_count": 7159,
    "active_exporter_count": 189,
    "active_importer_count": 199,
    "active_hs6_count": 1,
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "summary": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 24839719760.49298,
    "corridorsShown": 25,
    "displayedRouteValueUsd": 9511308092.386986,
    "topFiveSharePct": 15.404244008432922,
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "leadingCorridor": {
      "rank": 1,
      "exporterIso3": "MEX",
      "importerIso3": "USA",
      "exporterName": "Mexico",
      "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
      "value": 1014191017.6278625,
      "cagr3": 9.424094635805913,
      "cagr5": 12.512941830175063,
      "cagr10": 13.97647177218888,
      "share": 4.08294065877873,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.03143133432052091,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.0467447546369697,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.00839116261590505,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.03835359202106465,
      "distanceKm": 3359,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 1014191017.6278625,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Growing"
    }
  },
  "indicators": {
    "tradeCagr3yPct": 2.4428167497688724,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 5.1989172553216,
    "tradeCagr10yPct": 3.185382089586608,
    "latestYoyPct": 0.7534810426800931,
    "trendLabel": "Stable",
    "historicalPeakUsd": 24839719760.49298,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
    "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 1098.7027787319691,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 646.4506742462451,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.4414688543085245,
    "yearsWithData": 30
  },
  "answer": "Mexico to USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands leads the reported HS4 8503 routes with $1.0B in 2024 and +9.4% calculated three-year growth. The HS4 subsector recorded $24.8B in latest reported trade, with +2.4% calculated three-year growth.",
  "corridors": [
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      "importerIso3": "USA",
      "exporterName": "Mexico",
      "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
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      "cagr3": 9.424094635805913,
      "cagr5": 12.512941830175063,
      "cagr10": 13.97647177218888,
      "share": 4.08294065877873,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.03143133432052091,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.0467447546369697,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.00839116261590505,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.03835359202106465,
      "distanceKm": 3359,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 1014191017.6278625,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Growing"
    },
    {
      "rank": 2,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "DEU",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "Germany",
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      "cagr3": 14.263464144348648,
      "cagr5": 17.471459734135088,
      "cagr10": 18.261825601019076,
      "share": 3.6841760043119653,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
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      "mfnTariffPct": 0.058782636827160485,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.0166649603067814,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.04211767652037909,
      "distanceKm": 8415,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 915138994.9544201,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
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      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
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      "cagr10": 13.234002903798592,
      "share": 3.3134530331618595,
      "ftaKnown": true,
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      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.022290415014285702,
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      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
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      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "USA",
      "exporterName": "China",
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      "cagr10": 0.08185132917368776,
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      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 11883,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 706052714.412456,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2012,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 16.012501582004628,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Stable"
    },
    {
      "rank": 5,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "IND",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "India",
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      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
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      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.07929677931515151,
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      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
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      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 6,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "VNM",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "Viet Nam",
      "value": 426139273.34560186,
      "cagr3": -31.675008237915414,
      "cagr5": 11.879518635375108,
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      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.1527572807164251,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.15905857597826087,
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      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.13802313660838164,
      "distanceKm": 2732,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 1336019500.0090818,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2021,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 68.10381335431818,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
    },
    {
      "rank": 7,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "MEX",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "Mexico",
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      "distanceKm": 12928,
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      "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
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      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Growing"
    },
    {
      "rank": 8,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "JPN",
      "exporterName": "China",
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      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
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      "trendLabel": "Growing"
    },
    {
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      "exporterName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
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      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
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      "historicalPeakYear": 2000,
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      "trendLabel": "Stable"
    },
    {
      "rank": 10,
      "exporterIso3": "ITA",
      "importerIso3": "DEU",
      "exporterName": "Italy",
      "importerName": "Germany",
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      "cagr3": -0.29081081049111557,
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    },
    {
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      "importerIso3": "USA",
      "exporterName": "Canada",
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      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.023905736941426253,
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      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
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      "importerName": "Sweden",
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    },
    {
      "rank": 14,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "KOR",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "Republic of Korea",
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      "distanceKm": 867,
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    },
    {
      "rank": 15,
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      "ftaKnown": true,
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      "historicalPeakUsd": 305886779.898764,
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    },
    {
      "rank": 16,
      "exporterIso3": "DEU",
      "importerIso3": "USA",
      "exporterName": "Germany",
      "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
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      "historicalPeakUsd": 277557434.6630293,
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      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 17,
      "exporterIso3": "SRB",
      "importerIso3": "DEU",
      "exporterName": "Serbia",
      "importerName": "Germany",
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      "cagr3": 8.311396580643038,
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