{ "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview", "source": "api", "title": "Valves (HS4 8481) Trade Overview | Yugalinks", "description": "Review reported global trade for valves at HS4 8481, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.", "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8481", "publisher": { "name": "Yugalinks", "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks", "sameAs": [ "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" ] }, "sourceAttribution": { "publisher": "OECD", "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D", "year": 2025, "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)", "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/", "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0", "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/", "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions", "accessed": "2026-08-27", "supportingSources": [ { "publisher": "CEPII", "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows", "release": "202601", "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.", "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html", "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37", "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf", "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence", "accessed": "2026-08-27" } ] }, "links": { "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8481/index.html", "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8481/index.md", "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8481/index.json", "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8481/index.ld.json", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" }, "internalLinks": { "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app", "platform": "https://www.yugalinks.com/platform", "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology", "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources", "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage", "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai" }, "subsector": { "hs4": "8481", "name": "Valves" }, "coverage": { "firstDataYear": 1995, "latestDataYear": 2024, "yearsWithData": 30, "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09" }, "answer": "The valves subsector recorded $112.2B in reported global trade in 2024, with +3.5% annual change.", "keyFigures": { "latestTradeUsd": 112185096777.60762, "latestAnnualChangePct": 3.4889478686681503, "activeExporters": 200, "activeImporters": 200, "activeHs6Products": 6 }, "growthAndStructure": { "trendLabel": "Growing", "tradeCagr3yPct": 3.568403975197687, "tradeCagr5yPct": 4.011166722146209, "historicalPeakUsd": 112185096777.60762, "historicalPeakYear": 2024, "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 79.3103448275862, "exporterConcentrationHhi": 925.8031972393828, "importerConcentrationHhi": 478.51357398416366, "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.489739505664156 }, "annualRows": [ { "year": 1995, "hs4": 8481, 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"active_hs6_count": 6, "country_name": "China" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "DEU", "hs4": 8481, "exports_usd": 14834076164.900017, "imports_usd": 7746298389.942819, "trade_balance_usd": 7087777774.957198, "export_partner_count": 190, "import_partner_count": 137, "active_hs6_count": 6, "country_name": "Germany" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "MEX", "hs4": 8481, "exports_usd": 3893199917.741337, "imports_usd": 4445565336.4525385, "trade_balance_usd": -552365418.7112017, "export_partner_count": 149, "import_partner_count": 118, "active_hs6_count": 6, "country_name": "Mexico" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "GBR", "hs4": 8481, "exports_usd": 3620117055.022665, "imports_usd": 3937225201.302407, "trade_balance_usd": -317108146.27974176, "export_partner_count": 185, "import_partner_count": 134, "active_hs6_count": 6, "country_name": "United Kingdom" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "FRA", "hs4": 8481, "exports_usd": 3384284355.0491176, "imports_usd": 3900127799.290309, "trade_balance_usd": -515843444.2411914, "export_partner_count": 188, "import_partner_count": 146, "active_hs6_count": 6, "country_name": "France" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "CAN", "hs4": 8481, "exports_usd": 1225477134.2579093, "imports_usd": 3887966897.057767, "trade_balance_usd": -2662489762.7998576, "export_partner_count": 172, "import_partner_count": 153, "active_hs6_count": 6, "country_name": "Canada" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "SAU", "hs4": 8481, "exports_usd": 71412645.99696997, "imports_usd": 2921937302.3833895, "trade_balance_usd": -2850524656.3864193, "export_partner_count": 105, "import_partner_count": 101, "active_hs6_count": 6, "country_name": "Saudi Arabia" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "ITA", "hs4": 8481, "exports_usd": 9396201259.826637, "imports_usd": 2908100984.220936, "trade_balance_usd": 6488100275.605701, "export_partner_count": 184, "import_partner_count": 115, "active_hs6_count": 6, "country_name": "Italy" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "KOR", "hs4": 8481, "exports_usd": 2464312823.994482, "imports_usd": 2560616409.716076, "trade_balance_usd": -96303585.72159386, "export_partner_count": 173, "import_partner_count": 100, "active_hs6_count": 6, "country_name": "Republic of Korea" } ], "products": [ { "hs_code": "848110", "product_name": "Valves: pressure reducing, for pipes, boiler shells, tanks, vats or the like" }, { "hs_code": "848120", "product_name": "Valves: for oleohydraulic or pneumatic transmissions" }, { "hs_code": "848130", "product_name": "Valves: check (nonreturn) valves, for pipes, boiler shells, tanks, vats or the like" }, { "hs_code": "848140", "product_name": "Valves: safety or relief valves, for pipes, boiler shells, tanks, vats or the like" }, { "hs_code": "848180", "product_name": "Taps, cocks, valves and similar appliances: for pipes, boiler shells, tanks, vats or the like, including thermostatically controlled valves" }, { "hs_code": "848190", "product_name": "Taps, cocks, valves and similar appliances: parts thereof" } ], "methodology": { "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.", "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.", "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed." } }