{
  "template": "T9",
  "canonicalTemplate": "TS-HS4-CORRIDOR-09-SUBSECTOR-TOP-CORRIDORS",
  "templateName": "HS4 Subsector Top Trade Corridors",
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector top trade corridors",
  "source": "api",
  "robots": "index, follow",
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-28T10:23:56.640Z",
  "title": "HS4 8481 top trade corridors | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Explore reported HS4 8481 trade corridors: leading exporter-to-importer routes, value, growth, market share, access, tariffs, and distance context.",
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8481/corridors",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
    ]
  },
  "branding": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-28)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-28",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-28"
      }
    ]
  },
  "breadcrumbs": [
    {
      "name": "Home",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/"
    },
    {
      "name": "HS4 8481",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8481"
    },
    {
      "name": "Corridors",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8481/corridors"
    }
  ],
  "hs4": "8481",
  "parentHs2": "84",
  "subsectorName": "Valves",
  "overview": {
    "hs4": "8481",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "years_with_data": 30,
    "latest_trade_usd": 112185096777.60762,
    "trade_avg_3y_usd": 107963026957.1693,
    "trade_avg_5y_usd": 102230901705.33055,
    "trade_avg_10y_usd": 94527282385.55765,
    "trade_cagr_3y_pct": 3.568403975197687,
    "trade_cagr_5y_pct": 4.011166722146209,
    "trade_cagr_10y_pct": 2.1665090551221455,
    "historical_peak_usd": 112185096777.60762,
    "historical_peak_year": 2024,
    "latest_below_peak_pct": 0,
    "yoy_growth_latest_pct": 3.4889478686681503,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 79.3103448275862,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 1.4018949200755415,
    "trend_label": "Growing",
    "exporter_concentration_hhi": 925.8031972393828,
    "importer_concentration_hhi": 478.51357398416366,
    "trade_volatility_cv": 0.489739505664156,
    "active_corridor_count": 12760,
    "active_exporter_count": 200,
    "active_importer_count": 200,
    "active_hs6_count": 6,
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "summary": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 112185096777.60762,
    "corridorsShown": 25,
    "displayedRouteValueUsd": 31643641265.764942,
    "topFiveSharePct": 11.77788266513719,
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "leadingCorridor": {
      "rank": 1,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "USA",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
      "value": 3816107974.0795183,
      "cagr3": -2.2778480806684875,
      "cagr5": 1.6394626584607108,
      "cagr10": 0.9020709271334804,
      "share": 3.4016175799575734,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 11883,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 4457891648.97836,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 14.39657410798495,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Stable"
    }
  },
  "indicators": {
    "tradeCagr3yPct": 3.568403975197687,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 4.011166722146209,
    "tradeCagr10yPct": 2.1665090551221455,
    "latestYoyPct": 3.4889478686681503,
    "trendLabel": "Growing",
    "historicalPeakUsd": 112185096777.60762,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
    "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 925.8031972393828,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 478.51357398416366,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.489739505664156,
    "yearsWithData": 30
  },
  "answer": "China to USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands leads the reported HS4 8481 routes with $3.8B in 2024 and -2.3% calculated three-year growth. The HS4 subsector recorded $112.2B in latest reported trade, with +3.6% calculated three-year growth.",
  "corridors": [
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      "exporterName": "China",
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      "cagr3": -2.2778480806684875,
      "cagr5": 1.6394626584607108,
      "cagr10": 0.9020709271334804,
      "share": 3.4016175799575734,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.04674475463696969,
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      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 11883,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 4457891648.97836,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 14.39657410798495,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Stable"
    },
    {
      "rank": 2,
      "exporterIso3": "MEX",
      "importerIso3": "USA",
      "exporterName": "Mexico",
      "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
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      "cagr10": 4.456418818013486,
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      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
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      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.03835359202106465,
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      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
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    },
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      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "RUS",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "Russia",
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      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
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      "exporterName": "Germany",
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      "rank": 16,
      "exporterIso3": "ITA",
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    },
    {
      "rank": 17,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
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