{
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview",
  "source": "api",
  "title": "Machinery and mechanical appliances (HS4 8479) Trade Overview | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Review reported global trade for machinery and mechanical appliances at HS4 8479, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.",
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8479",
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    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
    ]
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-27",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-27"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8479/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8479/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8479/index.json",
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  "internalLinks": {
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    "platform": "https://www.yugalinks.com/platform",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
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  "subsector": {
    "hs4": "8479",
    "name": "Machinery and mechanical appliances"
  },
  "coverage": {
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "answer": "The machinery and mechanical appliances subsector recorded $100.5B in reported global trade in 2024, with +8.1% annual change.",
  "keyFigures": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 100524322990.6742,
    "latestAnnualChangePct": 8.125948271872051,
    "activeExporters": 199,
    "activeImporters": 199,
    "activeHs6Products": 12
  },
  "growthAndStructure": {
    "trendLabel": "Growing",
    "tradeCagr3yPct": 3.8078278895979922,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 3.942318508375431,
    "historicalPeakUsd": 100524322990.6742,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
    "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 72.41379310344827,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 1786.9911372186236,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 525.2430106461553,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.41489321589130873
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  "annualRows": [
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      "year": 1995,
      "hs4": 8479,
      "global_trade_usd": 26736645985.031715,
      "corridor_count": 5265,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "hs4": 8479,
      "global_trade_usd": 28607499737.68676,
      "corridor_count": 5448,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "hs4": 8479,
      "global_trade_usd": 28741950318.53234,
      "corridor_count": 5525,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "hs4": 8479,
      "global_trade_usd": 26521681218.6025,
      "corridor_count": 5728,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "hs4": 8479,
      "global_trade_usd": 28752312895.125538,
      "corridor_count": 6049,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "hs4": 8479,
      "global_trade_usd": 34172391979.20597,
      "corridor_count": 6914,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "hs4": 8479,
      "global_trade_usd": 29831117524.595413,
      "corridor_count": 7196,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "hs4": 8479,
      "global_trade_usd": 25318707099.99827,
      "corridor_count": 7467,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "hs4": 8479,
      "global_trade_usd": 29854840280.413364,
      "corridor_count": 7547,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
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      "year": 2004,
      "hs4": 8479,
      "global_trade_usd": 37594100537.62889,
      "corridor_count": 7916,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "hs4": 8479,
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      "corridor_count": 8185,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "hs4": 8479,
      "global_trade_usd": 45285378760.07426,
      "corridor_count": 8447,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
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      "year": 2007,
      "hs4": 8479,
      "global_trade_usd": 57547461683.006744,
      "corridor_count": 8700,
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    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
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      "global_trade_usd": 63171493789.73981,
      "corridor_count": 9010,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "hs4": 8479,
      "global_trade_usd": 48262061521.86949,
      "corridor_count": 8969,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "hs4": 8479,
      "global_trade_usd": 57684942321.1901,
      "corridor_count": 9087,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "hs4": 8479,
      "global_trade_usd": 68290471018.77178,
      "corridor_count": 9421,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
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      "year": 2012,
      "hs4": 8479,
      "global_trade_usd": 67898333671.15737,
      "corridor_count": 9750,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "hs4": 8479,
      "global_trade_usd": 66646225116.29991,
      "corridor_count": 10054,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "hs4": 8479,
      "global_trade_usd": 71282274589.21722,
      "corridor_count": 10257,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
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    {
      "year": 2015,
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      "global_trade_usd": 67290735134.566986,
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      "year": 2016,
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      "corridor_count": 10523,
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    {
      "year": 2017,
      "hs4": 8479,
      "global_trade_usd": 77272444233.12692,
      "corridor_count": 10703,
      "active_hs6_count": 12
    },
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      "year": 2018,
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      "global_trade_usd": 82892864284.45164,
      "corridor_count": 10940,
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    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
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      "year": 2020,
      "hs4": 8479,
      "global_trade_usd": 77576589255.19907,
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      "year": 2021,
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      "year": 2022,
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      "year": 2024,
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      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "Mexico",
      "importer_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
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      "hs4": 8479,
      "corridor_rank": 9,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "IND",
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      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "years_with_data": 30,
      "exports_latest_usd": 1315331819.0597172,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 968135981.9796257,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 808511165.4815431,
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      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 29.0525228883578,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 21.89120190133902,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 19.903625137842297,
      "historical_peak_usd": 1315331819.0597172,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "latest_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "yoy_growth_latest_pct": 47.48363326409801,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 72.41379310344827,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 9.148897750515502,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "active_hs6_count": 12,
      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 4252,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.5307908369111112,
      "mfn_tariff_pct": 0.5323102001373737,
      "preferential_tariff_pct": 0.07929677931515151,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.45301342082222223,
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "China",
      "importer_name": "India"
    },
    {
      "hs4": 8479,
      "corridor_rank": 10,
      "exporter_iso3": "USA",
      "importer_iso3": "CAN",
      "first_data_year": 1995,
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
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      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1223946544.640517,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1126010547.1653812,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1058006137.0500166,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 7.940382373859944,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 6.21194207842346,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 2.460380829537856,
      "historical_peak_usd": 1303932139.6578875,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "latest_below_peak_pct": 0,
      "yoy_growth_latest_pct": 6.573010928962897,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 68.96551724137932,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 5.480001544322088,
      "trend_label": "Growing",
      "active_hs6_count": 12,
      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 556,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
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      "mfn_tariff_pct": 0.07513050048545458,
      "preferential_tariff_pct": 0.043961979603501,
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      "exporter_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
      "importer_name": "Canada"
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    {
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      "export_partner_count": 191,
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      "active_hs6_count": 12,
      "country_name": "Germany"
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      "year": 2024,
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      "export_partner_count": 183,
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      "country_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
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      "trade_balance_usd": 5593375695.99663,
      "export_partner_count": 170,
      "import_partner_count": 77,
      "active_hs6_count": 12,
      "country_name": "Japan"
    },
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      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "KOR",
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      "trade_balance_usd": 4479160261.158984,
      "export_partner_count": 168,
      "import_partner_count": 100,
      "active_hs6_count": 12,
      "country_name": "Republic of Korea"
    },
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      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ITA",
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      "trade_balance_usd": 3801669310.1696024,
      "export_partner_count": 186,
      "import_partner_count": 117,
      "active_hs6_count": 12,
      "country_name": "Italy"
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    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "CHE",
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      "imports_usd": 1269997215.1884334,
      "trade_balance_usd": 1377650385.5311701,
      "export_partner_count": 166,
      "import_partner_count": 109,
      "active_hs6_count": 12,
      "country_name": "Switzerland, Liechtenstein"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "GBR",
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      "imports_usd": 2873153034.138454,
      "trade_balance_usd": -726094272.07654,
      "export_partner_count": 182,
      "import_partner_count": 117,
      "active_hs6_count": 12,
      "country_name": "United Kingdom"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "CAN",
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      "imports_usd": 2543879901.2635927,
      "trade_balance_usd": -444635868.44946194,
      "export_partner_count": 159,
      "import_partner_count": 122,
      "active_hs6_count": 12,
      "country_name": "Canada"
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      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "NLD",
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      "imports_usd": 1755994929.2059662,
      "trade_balance_usd": 279493142.9944613,
      "export_partner_count": 178,
      "import_partner_count": 127,
      "active_hs6_count": 12,
      "country_name": "Netherlands"
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      "trade_balance_usd": -7713842390.071145,
      "export_partner_count": 183,
      "import_partner_count": 140,
      "active_hs6_count": 12,
      "country_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "CHN",
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      "imports_usd": 8657763687.774246,
      "trade_balance_usd": 8275819790.501509,
      "export_partner_count": 199,
      "import_partner_count": 108,
      "active_hs6_count": 12,
      "country_name": "China"
    },
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      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "DEU",
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      "trade_balance_usd": 12218993901.910984,
      "export_partner_count": 191,
      "import_partner_count": 126,
      "active_hs6_count": 12,
      "country_name": "Germany"
    },
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      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "MEX",
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      "imports_usd": 5015609464.11361,
      "trade_balance_usd": -3328532052.575859,
      "export_partner_count": 138,
      "import_partner_count": 117,
      "active_hs6_count": 12,
      "country_name": "Mexico"
    },
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      "year": 2024,
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      "trade_balance_usd": -1765872986.3944044,
      "export_partner_count": 182,
      "import_partner_count": 105,
      "active_hs6_count": 12,
      "country_name": "India"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "FRA",
      "hs4": 8479,
      "exports_usd": 1860117654.7870586,
      "imports_usd": 3010006749.7863965,
      "trade_balance_usd": -1149889094.999338,
      "export_partner_count": 176,
      "import_partner_count": 123,
      "active_hs6_count": 12,
      "country_name": "France"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "GBR",
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      "imports_usd": 2873153034.138454,
      "trade_balance_usd": -726094272.07654,
      "export_partner_count": 182,
      "import_partner_count": 117,
      "active_hs6_count": 12,
      "country_name": "United Kingdom"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "VNM",
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      "imports_usd": 2609324611.5155525,
      "trade_balance_usd": -2179757662.153345,
      "export_partner_count": 125,
      "import_partner_count": 72,
      "active_hs6_count": 12,
      "country_name": "Viet Nam"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "CAN",
      "hs4": 8479,
      "exports_usd": 2099244032.8141308,
      "imports_usd": 2543879901.2635927,
      "trade_balance_usd": -444635868.44946194,
      "export_partner_count": 159,
      "import_partner_count": 122,
      "active_hs6_count": 12,
      "country_name": "Canada"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "KOR",
      "hs4": 8479,
      "exports_usd": 6507218735.42552,
      "imports_usd": 2028058474.2665358,
      "trade_balance_usd": 4479160261.158984,
      "export_partner_count": 168,
      "import_partner_count": 100,
      "active_hs6_count": 12,
      "country_name": "Republic of Korea"
    }
  ],
  "products": [
    {
      "hs_code": "847910",
      "product_name": "Machinery and mechanical appliances: for public works, building or the like"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "847920",
      "product_name": "Machinery: for the extraction or preparation of animal or fixed vegetable fats or oils"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "847930",
      "product_name": "Machinery and mechanical appliances: presses for the manufacture of particle or fibre building board of wood or other ligneous materials and other machinery for treating wood or cork"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "847940",
      "product_name": "Machines: for making rope or cable"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "847950",
      "product_name": "Machinery and mechanical appliances: industrial robots, n.e.s. or included"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "847960",
      "product_name": "Machinery and mechanical appliances: evaporative air coolers"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "847971",
      "product_name": "Machinery and mechanical appliances: passenger boarding bridges, of a kind used in airports"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "847979",
      "product_name": "Machinery and mechanical appliances: passenger boarding bridges, other than of a kind used in airports"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "847981",
      "product_name": "Machines and mechanical appliances: for treating metal, including electric wire coil-winders"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "847982",
      "product_name": "Machines: for mixing, kneading, crushing, grinding, screening, sifting, homogenising, emulsifying or stirring"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "847983",
      "product_name": "Machines and mechanical appliances: cold isostatic presses"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "847989",
      "product_name": "Machines and mechanical appliances: n.e.s. in item no. 8479.8, having individual functions"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "847990",
      "product_name": "Machines and mechanical appliances: parts, of those having individual functions"
    }
  ],
  "methodology": {
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.",
    "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.",
    "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed."
  }
}