{ "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview", "source": "api", "title": "Converters (HS4 8454) Trade Overview | Yugalinks", "description": "Review reported global trade for converters at HS4 8454, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.", "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8454", "publisher": { "name": "Yugalinks", "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks", "sameAs": [ "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" ] }, "sourceAttribution": { "publisher": "OECD", "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D", "year": 2025, "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)", "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/", "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0", "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/", "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions", "accessed": "2026-08-27", "supportingSources": [ { "publisher": "CEPII", "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows", "release": "202601", "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.", "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html", "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37", "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf", "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence", "accessed": "2026-08-27" } ] }, "links": { "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8454/index.html", "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8454/index.md", "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8454/index.json", "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8454/index.ld.json", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" }, "internalLinks": { "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app", "platform": "https://www.yugalinks.com/platform", "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology", "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources", "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage", "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai" }, "subsector": { "hs4": "8454", "name": "Converters" }, "coverage": { "firstDataYear": 1995, "latestDataYear": 2024, "yearsWithData": 30, "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09" }, "answer": "The converters subsector recorded $3.2B in reported global trade in 2024, with -5.7% annual change.", "keyFigures": { "latestTradeUsd": 3193036439.4355483, "latestAnnualChangePct": -5.6866304067251265, "activeExporters": 142, "activeImporters": 187, "activeHs6Products": 4 }, "growthAndStructure": { "trendLabel": "Growing", "tradeCagr3yPct": 9.909325887604513, "tradeCagr5yPct": 1.1863860543604332, "historicalPeakUsd": 4050548811.57192, "historicalPeakYear": 2008, "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 58.62068965517241, "exporterConcentrationHhi": 2069.6086918202645, "importerConcentrationHhi": 798.9197075831767, "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.3097899397794526 }, "annualRows": [ { "year": 1995, "hs4": 8454, 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"year": 2024, "country_iso3": "RUS", "hs4": 8454, "exports_usd": 7867024.962111982, "imports_usd": 118416718.65839897, "trade_balance_usd": -110549693.69628699, "export_partner_count": 13, "import_partner_count": 12, "active_hs6_count": 4, "country_name": "Russia" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "VNM", "hs4": 8454, "exports_usd": 11128226.853380704, "imports_usd": 110737594.01993959, "trade_balance_usd": -99609367.16655888, "export_partner_count": 26, "import_partner_count": 28, "active_hs6_count": 4, "country_name": "Viet Nam" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "CAN", "hs4": 8454, "exports_usd": 114457531.20664942, "imports_usd": 103039787.97001174, "trade_balance_usd": 11417743.236637682, "export_partner_count": 59, "import_partner_count": 48, "active_hs6_count": 4, "country_name": "Canada" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "KOR", "hs4": 8454, "exports_usd": 30039732.473156184, "imports_usd": 88197789.87877482, "trade_balance_usd": -58158057.40561864, "export_partner_count": 56, "import_partner_count": 34, "active_hs6_count": 4, "country_name": "Republic of Korea" } ], "products": [ { "hs_code": "845410", "product_name": "Converters: of a type used in metallurgy or in metal foundries" }, { "hs_code": "845420", "product_name": "Ingot moulds and ladles: of a kind used in metallurgy or in metal foundries" }, { "hs_code": "845430", "product_name": "Casting machines: of a kind used in metallurgy or in metal foundries" }, { "hs_code": "845490", "product_name": "Machines: parts of converters, ladles, ingot moulds and casting machines, of a kind used in metallurgy or in metal foundries" } ], "methodology": { "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.", "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.", "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed." } }