{
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview",
  "source": "api",
  "title": "Sewing machines (HS4 8452) Trade Overview | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Review reported global trade for sewing machines at HS4 8452, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.",
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8452",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
    ]
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-27",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-27"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8452/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8452/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8452/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8452/index.ld.json",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "internalLinks": {
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app",
    "platform": "https://www.yugalinks.com/platform",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage",
    "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai"
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  "subsector": {
    "hs4": "8452",
    "name": "Sewing machines"
  },
  "coverage": {
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "answer": "The sewing machines subsector recorded $4.6B in reported global trade in 2024, with +8.4% annual change.",
  "keyFigures": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 4624976996.34366,
    "latestAnnualChangePct": 8.37995637769598,
    "activeExporters": 180,
    "activeImporters": 198,
    "activeHs6Products": 5
  },
  "growthAndStructure": {
    "trendLabel": "Declining",
    "tradeCagr3yPct": -7.054260070696971,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": -1.612192839886084,
    "historicalPeakUsd": 5759981779.140106,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2021,
    "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 55.172413793103445,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 2694.863737933715,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 506.92763809151694,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.14362023427966492
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  "annualRows": [
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      "hs4": 8452,
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      "active_hs6_count": 5
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "hs4": 8452,
      "global_trade_usd": 3996759950.067771,
      "corridor_count": 3939,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
    },
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      "year": 1997,
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      "global_trade_usd": 3988104204.170935,
      "corridor_count": 3752,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
    },
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      "year": 1998,
      "hs4": 8452,
      "global_trade_usd": 3789200436.1304283,
      "corridor_count": 3902,
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    },
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      "year": 1999,
      "hs4": 8452,
      "global_trade_usd": 3697388486.105939,
      "corridor_count": 4086,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
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      "year": 2000,
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    },
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      "year": 2001,
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      "active_hs6_count": 5
    },
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      "year": 2002,
      "hs4": 8452,
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      "corridor_count": 4908,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
    },
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      "year": 2003,
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      "global_trade_usd": 3932979358.780363,
      "corridor_count": 5054,
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    },
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      "year": 2004,
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      "year": 2005,
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      "year": 2006,
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    },
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      "year": 2007,
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      "year": 2008,
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    },
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      "year": 2009,
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      "corridor_count": 5335,
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    },
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      "year": 2010,
      "hs4": 8452,
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      "year": 2011,
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      "corridor_count": 5445,
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      "year": 2012,
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      "corridor_count": 5529,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
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      "year": 2013,
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      "year": 2014,
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      "year": 2015,
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      "year": 2016,
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      "year": 2017,
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      "corridor_count": 5788,
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      "year": 2018,
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      "year": 2019,
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      "year": 2020,
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      "export_partner_count": 42,
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  ],
  "products": [
    {
      "hs_code": "845210",
      "product_name": "Sewing machines: of the household type"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "845221",
      "product_name": "Sewing machines: (not household type), automatic units"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "845229",
      "product_name": "Sewing machines: not household or automatic unit type"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "845230",
      "product_name": "Sewing machine needles"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "845240",
      "product_name": "Sewing machine furniture: bases and covers and parts thereof"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "845290",
      "product_name": "Sewing machines: parts n.e.c. in item no. 8452.4"
    }
  ],
  "methodology": {
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.",
    "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.",
    "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed."
  }
}