# Book-binding machinery (HS4 8440) Trade Overview | Yugalinks

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Book-binding machinery at HS4 8440, with reported global trade through 2024.

Canonical: https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8440

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## Answer

The book-binding machinery subsector recorded $854.5M in reported global trade in 2024, with -1.7% annual change.

## Key figures

| Measure | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Latest reported trade | $854.5M |
| Latest annual change | -1.7% |
| Active exporters | 143 |
| Active importers | 193 |
| Active HS6 products | 2 |

## Annual trend

| Year | Global trade | Corridors | HS6 products |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| 1995 | $1.0B | 2,113 | 2 |
| 1996 | $1.0B | 2,131 | 2 |
| 1997 | $1.0B | 2,212 | 2 |
| 1998 | $1.1B | 2,107 | 2 |
| 1999 | $1.1B | 2,343 | 2 |
| 2000 | $1.1B | 2,612 | 2 |
| 2001 | $1.1B | 2,657 | 2 |
| 2002 | $877.2M | 2,690 | 2 |
| 2003 | $995.7M | 2,690 | 2 |
| 2004 | $1.2B | 2,781 | 2 |
| 2005 | $1.4B | 3,062 | 2 |
| 2006 | $1.6B | 3,047 | 2 |
| 2007 | $2.1B | 3,277 | 2 |
| 2008 | $2.0B | 3,375 | 2 |
| 2009 | $1.2B | 3,287 | 2 |
| 2010 | $1.3B | 3,167 | 2 |
| 2011 | $1.3B | 3,250 | 2 |
| 2012 | $1.2B | 3,285 | 2 |
| 2013 | $1.2B | 3,310 | 2 |
| 2014 | $1.1B | 3,340 | 2 |
| 2015 | $942.3M | 3,322 | 2 |
| 2016 | $905.7M | 3,289 | 2 |
| 2017 | $955.2M | 3,375 | 2 |
| 2018 | $945.4M | 3,378 | 2 |
| 2019 | $916.9M | 3,307 | 2 |
| 2020 | $729.8M | 3,028 | 2 |
| 2021 | $819.8M | 3,116 | 2 |
| 2022 | $801.6M | 3,245 | 2 |
| 2023 | $847.1M | 3,184 | 2 |
| 2024 | $854.5M | 3,222 | 2 |

## Leading corridors

- Germany to USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands: $42.7M; growth +5%.
- Switzerland, Liechtenstein to USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands: $40.3M; growth +17.5%.
- China to USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands: $21.7M; growth -8.7%.
- Latvia to USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands: $20.5M; growth +33.4%.
- Switzerland, Liechtenstein to Germany: $20.3M; growth -7.1%.
- Japan to USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands: $19.8M; growth +14.3%.
- Germany to Switzerland, Liechtenstein: $15.0M; growth +10%.
- Germany to Algeria: $12.1M; growth +147.1%.
- Germany to Italy: $11.7M; growth -8.3%.
- Germany to France: $11.2M; growth +2.5%.

## HS6 products

- Book-binding machinery: including book-sewing machines (HS6 844010)
- Book-binding machinery: including book-sewing machines, parts thereof (HS6 844090)

## Definitions and coverage

Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4. Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations. Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed.

Reported observations cover 1995-2024.

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## Data sources

- Primary trade series: OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27). [OECD Data Explorer](https://data-explorer.oecd.org/) · [OECD Terms & Conditions](https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/)
- CEPII BACI bilateral trade flows (202601): [dataset page](https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37) · [BACI documentation](https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html) · [Etalab 2.0 Open Licence](https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf)

This page presents derived Yugalinks views of reported observations and calculated indicators.