{
  "template": "T9",
  "canonicalTemplate": "TS-HS4-CORRIDOR-09-SUBSECTOR-TOP-CORRIDORS",
  "templateName": "HS4 Subsector Top Trade Corridors",
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector top trade corridors",
  "source": "api",
  "robots": "index, follow",
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-28T10:23:53.941Z",
  "title": "HS4 8434 top trade corridors | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Explore reported HS4 8434 trade corridors: leading exporter-to-importer routes, value, growth, market share, access, tariffs, and distance context.",
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8434/corridors",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
    ]
  },
  "branding": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-28)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-28",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-28"
      }
    ]
  },
  "breadcrumbs": [
    {
      "name": "Home",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/"
    },
    {
      "name": "HS4 8434",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8434"
    },
    {
      "name": "Corridors",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8434/corridors"
    }
  ],
  "hs4": "8434",
  "parentHs2": "84",
  "subsectorName": "Milking machines",
  "overview": {
    "hs4": "8434",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "years_with_data": 30,
    "latest_trade_usd": 2398586101.8274035,
    "trade_avg_3y_usd": 2321645477.0939755,
    "trade_avg_5y_usd": 2288370203.2430844,
    "trade_avg_10y_usd": 2161676448.164386,
    "trade_cagr_3y_pct": 2.5305500480423904,
    "trade_cagr_5y_pct": 1.1846936913749495,
    "trade_cagr_10y_pct": 0.6821157225703756,
    "historical_peak_usd": 2444267401.765537,
    "historical_peak_year": 2023,
    "latest_below_peak_pct": 1.8689158111398467,
    "yoy_growth_latest_pct": -1.9148981542796355,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.06896551724138,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 1.8484343254720148,
    "trend_label": "Stable",
    "exporter_concentration_hhi": 1231.3553479828195,
    "importer_concentration_hhi": 528.3859120948883,
    "trade_volatility_cv": 0.3485116882178683,
    "active_corridor_count": 3653,
    "active_exporter_count": 138,
    "active_importer_count": 187,
    "active_hs6_count": 3,
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "summary": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 2398586101.8274035,
    "corridorsShown": 25,
    "displayedRouteValueUsd": 785790710.9427179,
    "topFiveSharePct": 15.317334744082304,
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "leadingCorridor": {
      "rank": 1,
      "exporterIso3": "NLD",
      "importerIso3": "DEU",
      "exporterName": "Netherlands",
      "importerName": "Germany",
      "value": 103646330.43409652,
      "cagr3": 15.173408647187792,
      "cagr5": 2.5563119546633484,
      "cagr10": 2.0312597016614475,
      "share": 4.321142791377461,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
      "distanceKm": 579,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 117026518.54221736,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 11.43346676872553,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    }
  },
  "indicators": {
    "tradeCagr3yPct": 2.5305500480423904,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 1.1846936913749495,
    "tradeCagr10yPct": 0.6821157225703756,
    "latestYoyPct": -1.9148981542796355,
    "trendLabel": "Stable",
    "historicalPeakUsd": 2444267401.765537,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
    "latestBelowPeakPct": 1.8689158111398467,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 1231.3553479828195,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 528.3859120948883,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.3485116882178683,
    "yearsWithData": 30
  },
  "answer": "Netherlands to Germany leads the reported HS4 8434 routes with $103.6M in 2024 and +15.2% calculated three-year growth. The HS4 subsector recorded $2.4B in latest reported trade, with +2.5% calculated three-year growth.",
  "corridors": [
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      "rank": 1,
      "exporterIso3": "NLD",
      "importerIso3": "DEU",
      "exporterName": "Netherlands",
      "importerName": "Germany",
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      "cagr3": 15.173408647187792,
      "cagr5": 2.5563119546633484,
      "cagr10": 2.0312597016614475,
      "share": 4.321142791377461,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
      "distanceKm": 579,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 117026518.54221736,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 11.43346676872553,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 2,
      "exporterIso3": "NLD",
      "importerIso3": "FRA",
      "exporterName": "Netherlands",
      "importerName": "France",
      "value": 100906371.72134246,
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      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
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      "historicalPeakUsd": 100906371.72134246,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
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    },
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      "rank": 3,
      "exporterIso3": "SWE",
      "importerIso3": "DEU",
      "exporterName": "Sweden",
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      "distanceKm": 811,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 101448200.22718354,
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    },
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      "exporterIso3": "USA",
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      "exporterName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
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      "trendLabel": "Stable"
    },
    {
      "rank": 5,
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      "exporterName": "Germany",
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    },
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      "historicalPeakUsd": 63237241.6741467,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2008,
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    },
    {
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    },
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    },
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      "rank": 9,
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      "importerIso3": "BLR",
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      "importerName": "Belarus",
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    },
    {
      "rank": 10,
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      "importerIso3": "ITA",
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      "importerName": "Italy",
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    },
    {
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    },
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      "rank": 13,
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      "importerName": "Belgium",
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    },
    {
      "rank": 15,
      "exporterIso3": "DEU",
      "importerIso3": "GRC",
      "exporterName": "Germany",
      "importerName": "Greece",
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      "cagr3": 15.383592741835939,
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    },
    {
      "rank": 16,
      "exporterIso3": "ARE",
      "importerIso3": "IRN",
      "exporterName": "United Arab Emirates",
      "importerName": "Iran (Islamic Republic of)",
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      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
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      "appliedTariffPct": 0.5704679814121213,
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      "distanceKm": 1214,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 59731072.648242295,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2019,
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      "yearsWithData": 29,
      "trendLabel": "Declining"
    },
    {
      "rank": 17,
      "exporterIso3": "DEU",
      "importerIso3": "RUS",
      "exporterName": "Germany",
      "importerName": "Russia",
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      "ftaKnown": true,
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      "historicalPeakUsd": 43195210.59859493,
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      "latestBelowPeakPct": 53.70581657576068,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Growing"
    },
    {
      "rank": 18,
      "exporterIso3": "TUR",
      "importerIso3": "RUS",
      "exporterName": "Turkey",
      "importerName": "Russia",
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