{ "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview", "source": "api", "title": "Machinery (HS4 8431) Trade Overview | Yugalinks", "description": "Review reported global trade for machinery at HS4 8431, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.", "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8431", "publisher": { "name": "Yugalinks", "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks", "sameAs": [ "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" ] }, "sourceAttribution": { "publisher": "OECD", "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D", "year": 2025, "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)", "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/", "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0", "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/", "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions", "accessed": "2026-08-27", "supportingSources": [ { "publisher": "CEPII", "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows", "release": "202601", "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.", "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html", "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37", "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf", "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence", "accessed": "2026-08-27" } ] }, "links": { "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8431/index.html", "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8431/index.md", "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8431/index.json", "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8431/index.ld.json", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" }, "internalLinks": { "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app", "platform": "https://www.yugalinks.com/platform", "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology", "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources", "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage", "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai" }, "subsector": { "hs4": "8431", "name": "Machinery" }, "coverage": { "firstDataYear": 1995, "latestDataYear": 2024, "yearsWithData": 30, "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09" }, "answer": "The machinery subsector recorded $68.5B in reported global trade in 2024, with -4.1% annual change.", "keyFigures": { "latestTradeUsd": 68467870454.27116, "latestAnnualChangePct": -4.062799827987194, "activeExporters": 200, "activeImporters": 200, "activeHs6Products": 8 }, "growthAndStructure": { "trendLabel": "Growing", "tradeCagr3yPct": 3.4602489854897334, "tradeCagr5yPct": 2.8423839051558097, "historicalPeakUsd": 73121845027.92967, "historicalPeakYear": 2008, "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 75.86206896551724, "exporterConcentrationHhi": 853.149376511737, "importerConcentrationHhi": 690.4744864648809, "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.40660657955870044 }, "annualRows": [ { "year": 1995, "hs4": 8431, 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"trade_balance_usd": -592751593.6005573, "export_partner_count": 181, "import_partner_count": 119, "active_hs6_count": 8, "country_name": "United Kingdom" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "JPN", "hs4": 8431, "exports_usd": 2319163850.8463836, "imports_usd": 2144372193.9293432, "trade_balance_usd": 174791656.91704035, "export_partner_count": 171, "import_partner_count": 75, "active_hs6_count": 8, "country_name": "Japan" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "AUS", "hs4": 8431, "exports_usd": 378936485.8337289, "imports_usd": 2059820137.0835748, "trade_balance_usd": -1680883651.249846, "export_partner_count": 146, "import_partner_count": 109, "active_hs6_count": 8, "country_name": "Australia" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "ITA", "hs4": 8431, "exports_usd": 3756970535.060082, "imports_usd": 1730789359.0559006, "trade_balance_usd": 2026181176.0041814, "export_partner_count": 180, "import_partner_count": 108, "active_hs6_count": 8, "country_name": "Italy" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "NLD", "hs4": 8431, "exports_usd": 1741838883.380781, "imports_usd": 1635149360.540472, "trade_balance_usd": 106689522.8403089, "export_partner_count": 176, "import_partner_count": 119, "active_hs6_count": 8, "country_name": "Netherlands" } ], "products": [ { "hs_code": "843110", "product_name": "Machinery: parts of the machinery of heading no. 8425" }, { "hs_code": "843120", "product_name": "Machinery: parts of the machinery of heading no. 8427" }, { "hs_code": "843131", "product_name": "Lifts, skip hoists or escalators: parts thereof" }, { "hs_code": "843139", "product_name": "Machinery: parts of the machinery of heading no. 8428, (other than lifts, skip hoists or escalators)" }, { "hs_code": "843141", "product_name": "Machinery parts: buckets, shovels, grabs and grips, for the machinery of heading no. 8426 and 8430" }, { "hs_code": "843142", "product_name": "Machinery parts: bulldozer or angledozer blades" }, { "hs_code": "843143", "product_name": "Boring or sinking machinery: parts of the machinery of item no. 8430.41 or 8430.41" }, { "hs_code": "843149", "product_name": "Machinery: parts of machines handling earth, minerals or ores and n.e.c. in heading no. 8431" } ], "methodology": { "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.", "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.", "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed." } }