{
  "template": "T9",
  "canonicalTemplate": "TS-HS4-CORRIDOR-09-SUBSECTOR-TOP-CORRIDORS",
  "templateName": "HS4 Subsector Top Trade Corridors",
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector top trade corridors",
  "source": "api",
  "robots": "index, follow",
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-28T10:23:52.818Z",
  "title": "HS4 8412 top trade corridors | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Explore reported HS4 8412 trade corridors: leading exporter-to-importer routes, value, growth, market share, access, tariffs, and distance context.",
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8412/corridors",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
    ]
  },
  "branding": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-28)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-28",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-28"
      }
    ]
  },
  "breadcrumbs": [
    {
      "name": "Home",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/"
    },
    {
      "name": "HS4 8412",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8412"
    },
    {
      "name": "Corridors",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8412/corridors"
    }
  ],
  "hs4": "8412",
  "parentHs2": "84",
  "subsectorName": "Engines",
  "overview": {
    "hs4": "8412",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "years_with_data": 30,
    "latest_trade_usd": 28752475989.021107,
    "trade_avg_3y_usd": 27914510995.888584,
    "trade_avg_5y_usd": 26656515622.34505,
    "trade_avg_10y_usd": 24163820142.86397,
    "trade_cagr_3y_pct": 2.5112665834354786,
    "trade_cagr_5y_pct": 2.248402108481362,
    "trade_cagr_10y_pct": 3.280863323075578,
    "historical_peak_usd": 28752475989.021107,
    "historical_peak_year": 2024,
    "latest_below_peak_pct": 0,
    "yoy_growth_latest_pct": 9.839023058737947,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 75.86206896551724,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -0.7695967396400993,
    "trend_label": "Stable",
    "exporter_concentration_hhi": 1177.5454384834413,
    "importer_concentration_hhi": 688.0626067455289,
    "trade_volatility_cv": 0.5918189067223328,
    "active_corridor_count": 9031,
    "active_exporter_count": 191,
    "active_importer_count": 199,
    "active_hs6_count": 7,
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "summary": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 28752475989.021107,
    "corridorsShown": 25,
    "displayedRouteValueUsd": 8993304721.74681,
    "topFiveSharePct": 11.021505241846917,
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "leadingCorridor": {
      "rank": 1,
      "exporterIso3": "MEX",
      "importerIso3": "USA",
      "exporterName": "Mexico",
      "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
      "value": 859939063.3274676,
      "cagr3": 6.801247583568659,
      "cagr5": 11.139850043421662,
      "cagr10": 10.443738530216296,
      "share": 2.990834819428519,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.03143133432052091,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.0467447546369697,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.00839116261590505,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.03835359202106465,
      "distanceKm": 3359,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 890828955.4374158,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 3.467544686485936,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Growing"
    }
  },
  "indicators": {
    "tradeCagr3yPct": 2.5112665834354786,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 2.248402108481362,
    "tradeCagr10yPct": 3.280863323075578,
    "latestYoyPct": 9.839023058737947,
    "trendLabel": "Stable",
    "historicalPeakUsd": 28752475989.021107,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
    "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 1177.5454384834413,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 688.0626067455289,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.5918189067223328,
    "yearsWithData": 30
  },
  "answer": "Mexico to USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands leads the reported HS4 8412 routes with $859.9M in 2024 and +6.8% calculated three-year growth. The HS4 subsector recorded $28.8B in latest reported trade, with +2.5% calculated three-year growth.",
  "corridors": [
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      "exporterName": "Mexico",
      "importerName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
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      "cagr3": 6.801247583568659,
      "cagr5": 11.139850043421662,
      "cagr10": 10.443738530216296,
      "share": 2.990834819428519,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
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      "mfnTariffPct": 0.0467447546369697,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.00839116261590505,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.03835359202106465,
      "distanceKm": 3359,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 890828955.4374158,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 3.467544686485936,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Growing"
    },
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      "rank": 2,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "USA",
      "exporterName": "China",
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      "cagr5": -5.871032584582325,
      "cagr10": 1.788346314874989,
      "share": 2.356528813868941,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
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      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
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      "distanceKm": 11883,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 932499668.6685916,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2018,
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      "cagr10": 3.0489936500896375,
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      "historicalPeakYear": 2013,
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    {
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    },
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      "exporterName": "United Kingdom",
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      "exporterName": "India",
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      "appliedTariffPct": 0.019320016547984244,
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      "latestBelowPeakPct": 16.660987399416936,
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      "trendLabel": "Stable"
    },
    {
      "rank": 16,
      "exporterIso3": "USA",
      "importerIso3": "FRA",
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      "historicalPeakUsd": 252696477.2129755,
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    },
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      "rank": 17,
      "exporterIso3": "JPN",
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