{
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview",
  "source": "api",
  "title": "Engines (HS4 8407) Trade Overview | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Review reported global trade for engines at HS4 8407, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.",
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8407",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
    ]
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-27",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-27"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8407/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8407/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8407/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8407/index.ld.json",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "internalLinks": {
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app",
    "platform": "https://www.yugalinks.com/platform",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage",
    "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai"
  },
  "subsector": {
    "hs4": "8407",
    "name": "Engines"
  },
  "coverage": {
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "answer": "The engines subsector recorded $53.2B in reported global trade in 2024, with -0.5% annual change.",
  "keyFigures": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 53223726014.828896,
    "latestAnnualChangePct": -0.483969797743853,
    "activeExporters": 186,
    "activeImporters": 200,
    "activeHs6Products": 8
  },
  "growthAndStructure": {
    "trendLabel": "Growing",
    "tradeCagr3yPct": 6.538711805122621,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 0.18369697545650432,
    "historicalPeakUsd": 53783574805.77515,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
    "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 68.96551724137932,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 2223.1102406722157,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 1197.4530597848639,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.2723017366273539
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  "annualRows": [
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      "year": 1995,
      "hs4": 8407,
      "global_trade_usd": 19767001045.67458,
      "corridor_count": 3329,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "hs4": 8407,
      "global_trade_usd": 20987970522.55863,
      "corridor_count": 3366,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
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      "year": 1997,
      "hs4": 8407,
      "global_trade_usd": 21248344292.38999,
      "corridor_count": 3338,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
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      "year": 1998,
      "hs4": 8407,
      "global_trade_usd": 23178003310.93257,
      "corridor_count": 3405,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "hs4": 8407,
      "global_trade_usd": 27479941833.28908,
      "corridor_count": 3653,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
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      "year": 2000,
      "hs4": 8407,
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    },
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      "year": 2001,
      "hs4": 8407,
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      "corridor_count": 4094,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
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      "year": 2002,
      "hs4": 8407,
      "global_trade_usd": 27316853219.703594,
      "corridor_count": 4390,
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    },
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      "year": 2003,
      "hs4": 8407,
      "global_trade_usd": 28787258873.647095,
      "corridor_count": 4546,
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    },
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      "year": 2004,
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      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
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      "year": 2005,
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      "year": 2006,
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      "corridor_count": 5061,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
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      "year": 2007,
      "hs4": 8407,
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      "corridor_count": 5238,
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    },
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      "year": 2008,
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      "global_trade_usd": 39457942753.67737,
      "corridor_count": 5430,
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    },
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      "year": 2009,
      "hs4": 8407,
      "global_trade_usd": 28752820546.299904,
      "corridor_count": 5245,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
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      "year": 2010,
      "hs4": 8407,
      "global_trade_usd": 37165909600.42995,
      "corridor_count": 5393,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
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      "year": 2011,
      "hs4": 8407,
      "global_trade_usd": 42886626917.090126,
      "corridor_count": 5427,
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    },
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      "year": 2012,
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      "corridor_count": 5463,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
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      "year": 2013,
      "hs4": 8407,
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      "corridor_count": 5390,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
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      "global_trade_usd": 46205712211.26223,
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      "year": 2015,
      "hs4": 8407,
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      "year": 2016,
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    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "hs4": 8407,
      "global_trade_usd": 46311809565.00728,
      "corridor_count": 5676,
      "active_hs6_count": 8
    },
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      "year": 2018,
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      "corridor_count": 5719,
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    {
      "year": 2019,
      "hs4": 8407,
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      "corridor_count": 5726,
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      "year": 2020,
      "hs4": 8407,
      "global_trade_usd": 41897008121.80743,
      "corridor_count": 5498,
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      "year": 2021,
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      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 1872,
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      "year": 2024,
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      "trade_balance_usd": 830928875.3761597,
      "export_partner_count": 138,
      "import_partner_count": 43,
      "active_hs6_count": 8,
      "country_name": "Republic of Korea"
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      "trade_balance_usd": 365404206.8509722,
      "export_partner_count": 88,
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      "export_partner_count": 118,
      "import_partner_count": 63,
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      "imports_usd": 1955827502.3926604,
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      "export_partner_count": 77,
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    },
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      "year": 2024,
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      "export_partner_count": 52,
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      "country_name": "Slovakia"
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      "year": 2024,
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      "imports_usd": 1491626695.5330582,
      "trade_balance_usd": -1030007813.7249783,
      "export_partner_count": 101,
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      "active_hs6_count": 8,
      "country_name": "Turkey"
    },
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      "year": 2024,
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      "imports_usd": 1334206750.108003,
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      "export_partner_count": 139,
      "import_partner_count": 83,
      "active_hs6_count": 8,
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    },
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      "year": 2024,
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      "imports_usd": 1124363944.1942062,
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      "export_partner_count": 138,
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      "active_hs6_count": 8,
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  ],
  "products": [
    {
      "hs_code": "840710",
      "product_name": "Engines: for aircraft, spark-ignition reciprocating or rotary internal combustion piston engines"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "840721",
      "product_name": "Engines: outboard motors for marine propulsion, spark-ignition reciprocating or rotary internal combustion piston engines"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "840729",
      "product_name": "Engines: for marine propulsion, (other than outboard motors), spark-ignition reciprocating or rotary internal combustion piston engines"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "840731",
      "product_name": "Engines: reciprocating piston engines, of a kind used for the propulsion of vehicles of chapter 87, of a cylinder capacity not exceeding 50cc"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "840732",
      "product_name": "Engines: reciprocating piston engines, of a kind used for the propulsion of vehicles of chapter 87, of a cylinder capacity exceeding 50cc but not exceeding 250cc"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "840733",
      "product_name": "Engines: reciprocating piston engines, of a kind used for the propulsion of vehicles of chapter 87, of a cylinder capacity exceeding 250cc but not exceeding 1000cc"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "840734",
      "product_name": "Engines: reciprocating piston engines, of a kind used for the propulsion of vehicles of chapter 87, of a cylinder capacity exceeding 1000cc"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "840790",
      "product_name": "Engines: rotary internal combustion piston engines, for other than aircraft or marine propulsion"
    }
  ],
  "methodology": {
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.",
    "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.",
    "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed."
  }
}