{ "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview", "source": "api", "title": "Boilers (HS4 8403) Trade Overview | Yugalinks", "description": "Review reported global trade for boilers at HS4 8403, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.", "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8403", "publisher": { "name": "Yugalinks", "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks", "sameAs": [ "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" ] }, "sourceAttribution": { "publisher": "OECD", "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D", "year": 2025, "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)", "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/", "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0", "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/", "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions", "accessed": "2026-08-27", "supportingSources": [ { "publisher": "CEPII", "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows", "release": "202601", "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.", "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html", "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37", "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf", "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence", "accessed": "2026-08-27" } ] }, "links": { "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8403/index.html", "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8403/index.md", "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8403/index.json", "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8403/index.ld.json", "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks" }, "internalLinks": { "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app", "platform": "https://www.yugalinks.com/platform", "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology", "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources", "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage", "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai" }, "subsector": { "hs4": "8403", "name": "Boilers" }, "coverage": { "firstDataYear": 1995, "latestDataYear": 2024, "yearsWithData": 30, "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09" }, "answer": "The boilers subsector recorded $6.5B in reported global trade in 2024, with -12.7% annual change.", "keyFigures": { "latestTradeUsd": 6540588459.559957, "latestAnnualChangePct": -12.681366108405385, "activeExporters": 149, "activeImporters": 191, "activeHs6Products": 2 }, "growthAndStructure": { "trendLabel": "Declining", "tradeCagr3yPct": -8.772602457666368, "tradeCagr5yPct": -0.9324751171382983, "historicalPeakUsd": 8642483718.197243, "historicalPeakYear": 2022, "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 62.06896551724138, "exporterConcentrationHhi": 888.1016881141913, "importerConcentrationHhi": 664.699035814435, "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.40474595321731205 }, "annualRows": [ { "year": 1995, "hs4": 8403, 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"country_iso3": "CHN", "hs4": 8403, "exports_usd": 326767536.88742775, "imports_usd": 128391247.67138687, "trade_balance_usd": 198376289.21604088, "export_partner_count": 162, "import_partner_count": 46, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "China" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "NLD", "hs4": 8403, "exports_usd": 313388560.73503125, "imports_usd": 221321484.01445785, "trade_balance_usd": 92067076.7205734, "export_partner_count": 94, "import_partner_count": 49, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "Netherlands" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "POL", "hs4": 8403, "exports_usd": 278781905.48632264, "imports_usd": 283004982.9269437, "trade_balance_usd": -4223077.440621078, "export_partner_count": 76, "import_partner_count": 48, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "Poland" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "KOR", "hs4": 8403, "exports_usd": 245347042.26910686, "imports_usd": 36913241.331410155, "trade_balance_usd": 208433800.9376967, "export_partner_count": 74, "import_partner_count": 36, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "Republic of Korea" } ], "importers": [ { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "DEU", "hs4": 8403, "exports_usd": 1037361337.1922505, "imports_usd": 1037880573.8213432, "trade_balance_usd": -519236.6290926933, "export_partner_count": 104, "import_partner_count": 61, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "Germany" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "GBR", "hs4": 8403, "exports_usd": 109946314.58052452, "imports_usd": 568722526.8256946, "trade_balance_usd": -458776212.24517006, "export_partner_count": 78, "import_partner_count": 50, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "United Kingdom" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "USA", "hs4": 8403, "exports_usd": 99973772.42532188, "imports_usd": 492227194.94727314, "trade_balance_usd": -392253422.52195126, "export_partner_count": 103, "import_partner_count": 53, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "ITA", "hs4": 8403, "exports_usd": 862061566.5316144, "imports_usd": 484168880.63827693, "trade_balance_usd": 377892685.8933375, "export_partner_count": 123, "import_partner_count": 49, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "Italy" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "FRA", "hs4": 8403, "exports_usd": 335140850.7823969, "imports_usd": 409026936.4226918, "trade_balance_usd": -73886085.64029491, "export_partner_count": 100, "import_partner_count": 52, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "France" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "RUS", "hs4": 8403, "exports_usd": 42002813.98852161, "imports_usd": 340556654.3534075, "trade_balance_usd": -298553840.36488587, "export_partner_count": 19, "import_partner_count": 24, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "Russia" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "POL", "hs4": 8403, "exports_usd": 278781905.48632264, "imports_usd": 283004982.9269437, "trade_balance_usd": -4223077.440621078, "export_partner_count": 76, "import_partner_count": 48, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "Poland" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "NLD", "hs4": 8403, "exports_usd": 313388560.73503125, "imports_usd": 221321484.01445785, "trade_balance_usd": 92067076.7205734, "export_partner_count": 94, "import_partner_count": 49, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "Netherlands" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "ESP", "hs4": 8403, "exports_usd": 41651841.4499224, "imports_usd": 221226971.26180202, "trade_balance_usd": -179575129.81187963, "export_partner_count": 80, "import_partner_count": 47, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "Spain" }, { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "BEL", "hs4": 8403, "exports_usd": 32390122.35247828, "imports_usd": 204222284.497925, "trade_balance_usd": -171832162.14544672, "export_partner_count": 91, "import_partner_count": 41, "active_hs6_count": 2, "country_name": "Belgium" } ], "products": [ { "hs_code": "840310", "product_name": "Boilers: central heating boilers (excluding those of heading no. 8402)" }, { "hs_code": "840390", "product_name": "Boilers: parts of central heating boilers (excluding those of heading no. 8402)" } ], "methodology": { "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.", "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.", "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed." } }