{
  "template": "T9",
  "canonicalTemplate": "TS-HS4-CORRIDOR-09-SUBSECTOR-TOP-CORRIDORS",
  "templateName": "HS4 Subsector Top Trade Corridors",
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector top trade corridors",
  "source": "api",
  "robots": "index, follow",
  "generatedAt": "2026-08-28T10:23:52.176Z",
  "title": "HS4 8401 top trade corridors | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Explore reported HS4 8401 trade corridors: leading exporter-to-importer routes, value, growth, market share, access, tariffs, and distance context.",
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8401/corridors",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
    ]
  },
  "branding": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "logo": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/yugalinks-logo-v3-dark-mode.webp",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-28)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-28",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-28"
      }
    ]
  },
  "breadcrumbs": [
    {
      "name": "Home",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/"
    },
    {
      "name": "HS4 8401",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8401"
    },
    {
      "name": "Corridors",
      "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8401/corridors"
    }
  ],
  "hs4": "8401",
  "parentHs2": "84",
  "subsectorName": "Nuclear reactors",
  "overview": {
    "hs4": "8401",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "years_with_data": 30,
    "latest_trade_usd": 4994907085.2109375,
    "trade_avg_3y_usd": 4145716113.387089,
    "trade_avg_5y_usd": 3820614897.247874,
    "trade_avg_10y_usd": 3666516876.063385,
    "trade_cagr_3y_pct": 12.366717209927103,
    "trade_cagr_5y_pct": 10.882861417926648,
    "trade_cagr_10y_pct": 0.6267865530466654,
    "historical_peak_usd": 6012165642.343857,
    "historical_peak_year": 2011,
    "latest_below_peak_pct": 16.9200021697396,
    "yoy_growth_latest_pct": 30.419525964276986,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 11.739930656880437,
    "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
    "exporter_concentration_hhi": 4605.6713527695965,
    "importer_concentration_hhi": 3039.8901622315134,
    "trade_volatility_cv": 0.388861337992364,
    "active_corridor_count": 922,
    "active_exporter_count": 115,
    "active_importer_count": 167,
    "active_hs6_count": 4,
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "summary": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 4994907085.2109375,
    "corridorsShown": 25,
    "displayedRouteValueUsd": 4222007643.1154537,
    "topFiveSharePct": 34.754905716381245,
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "leadingCorridor": {
      "rank": 1,
      "exporterIso3": "KOR",
      "importerIso3": "ARE",
      "exporterName": "Republic of Korea",
      "importerName": "United Arab Emirates",
      "value": 404582968.82211936,
      "cagr3": 38.661326232386,
      "cagr5": 140.9196646600344,
      "cagr10": 16.023677240618973,
      "share": 8.099909806531139,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.052146291145454514,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.052146291145454514,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 6788,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 404582968.82211936,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 16,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    }
  },
  "indicators": {
    "tradeCagr3yPct": 12.366717209927103,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 10.882861417926648,
    "tradeCagr10yPct": 0.6267865530466654,
    "latestYoyPct": 30.419525964276986,
    "trendLabel": "Rapid growth",
    "historicalPeakUsd": 6012165642.343857,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2011,
    "latestBelowPeakPct": 16.9200021697396,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 4605.6713527695965,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 3039.8901622315134,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.388861337992364,
    "yearsWithData": 30
  },
  "answer": "Republic of Korea to United Arab Emirates leads the reported HS4 8401 routes with $404.6M in 2024 and +38.7% calculated three-year growth. The HS4 subsector recorded $5.0B in latest reported trade, with +12.4% calculated three-year growth.",
  "corridors": [
    {
      "rank": 1,
      "exporterIso3": "KOR",
      "importerIso3": "ARE",
      "exporterName": "Republic of Korea",
      "importerName": "United Arab Emirates",
      "value": 404582968.82211936,
      "cagr3": 38.661326232386,
      "cagr5": 140.9196646600344,
      "cagr10": 16.023677240618973,
      "share": 8.099909806531139,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.052146291145454514,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.052146291145454514,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 6788,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 404582968.82211936,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 16,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 2,
      "exporterIso3": "KAZ",
      "importerIso3": "CHN",
      "exporterName": "Kazakhstan",
      "importerName": "China",
      "value": 348607372.8813763,
      "cagr3": null,
      "cagr5": null,
      "cagr10": null,
      "share": 6.979256409264206,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.1675117538735632,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.1675117538735632,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 4117,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 348607372.8813763,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 3,
      "trendLabel": "Insufficient history"
    },
    {
      "rank": 3,
      "exporterIso3": "RUS",
      "importerIso3": "CZE",
      "exporterName": "Russia",
      "importerName": "Czechia",
      "value": 337821935.50688523,
      "cagr3": 34.92025286791027,
      "cagr5": 22.078062839278132,
      "cagr10": 8.692549594548481,
      "share": 6.763327720491899,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.061270627130952375,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.061270627130952375,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 1673,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 337821935.50688523,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 4,
      "exporterIso3": "RUS",
      "importerIso3": "CHN",
      "exporterName": "Russia",
      "importerName": "China",
      "value": 323382864.18165946,
      "cagr3": 80.94386676921361,
      "cagr5": 19.704805188308995,
      "cagr10": 8.248974554623235,
      "share": 6.474251846228343,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.16751175387356323,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.16751175387356323,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 6831,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 323382864.18165946,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 5,
      "exporterIso3": "SWE",
      "importerIso3": "UKR",
      "exporterName": "Sweden",
      "importerName": "Ukraine",
      "value": 321580106.69386744,
      "cagr3": 7.589847044908771,
      "cagr5": 15.959147080474967,
      "cagr10": 23.467140352892145,
      "share": 6.438159933865656,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.062311219036628354,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.06742568300996168,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.0219155715432682,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.04551011146669348,
      "distanceKm": 1268,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 321580106.69386744,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 14,
      "trendLabel": "Growing"
    },
    {
      "rank": 6,
      "exporterIso3": "RUS",
      "importerIso3": "TUR",
      "exporterName": "Russia",
      "importerName": "Turkey",
      "value": 269036474.7033828,
      "cagr3": 84.68688522599909,
      "cagr5": null,
      "cagr10": null,
      "share": 5.3862158016903585,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.08505396721187741,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.096165170908046,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.029698601970498076,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.06646656893754792,
      "distanceKm": 1757,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 269036474.7033828,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 5,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 7,
      "exporterIso3": "SWE",
      "importerIso3": "FRA",
      "exporterName": "Sweden",
      "importerName": "France",
      "value": 234408388.6492592,
      "cagr3": -20.312753844185984,
      "cagr5": -8.143705170448756,
      "cagr10": -7.5393239032315424,
      "share": 4.692947929768348,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.03752397506868687,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.03752397506868687,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.03752397506868687,
      "distanceKm": 1547,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 595097736.8013343,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2013,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 60.61010248346593,
      "yearsWithData": 27,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
    },
    {
      "rank": 8,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "PAK",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "Pakistan",
      "value": 189024350.38729194,
      "cagr3": 11.972561496543488,
      "cagr5": 19.570507155636598,
      "cagr10": 13.54051569880177,
      "share": 3.78434167368119,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.3924685062080808,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.4008605510242425,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.10733320757618181,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.2935273434480607,
      "distanceKm": 5339,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 189024350.38729194,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 28,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 9,
      "exporterIso3": "DEU",
      "importerIso3": "CHE",
      "exporterName": "Germany",
      "importerName": "Switzerland, Liechtenstein",
      "value": 153570198.0647477,
      "cagr3": 41.52789628600855,
      "cagr5": 39.600330485209035,
      "cagr10": 80.6559327998505,
      "share": 3.0745356308917673,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.012842625485358024,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.021083829923006173,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": -0.021083829923006173,
      "distanceKm": 674,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 153570198.0647477,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 10,
      "exporterIso3": "FRA",
      "importerIso3": "CHN",
      "exporterName": "France",
      "importerName": "China",
      "value": 139758184.10728484,
      "cagr3": -2.6628793641625514,
      "cagr5": 6.6279573161792005,
      "cagr10": 4.7146132371231,
      "share": 2.7980136912072866,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.30189875567878793,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.30189875567878793,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 9284,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 331450026.1501336,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2012,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 57.83431193818039,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Stable"
    },
    {
      "rank": 11,
      "exporterIso3": "GBR",
      "importerIso3": "FRA",
      "exporterName": "United Kingdom",
      "importerName": "France",
      "value": 139454198.58726877,
      "cagr3": 11.395862482918751,
      "cagr5": 1118.5228001415362,
      "cagr10": 191.08491592140493,
      "share": 2.7919277818033637,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.0007673828181818182,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.0007673828181818182,
      "distanceKm": 344,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 139454198.58726877,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 29,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 12,
      "exporterIso3": "DEU",
      "importerIso3": "SWE",
      "exporterName": "Germany",
      "importerName": "Sweden",
      "value": 136521089.4775487,
      "cagr3": 17.037579098050237,
      "cagr5": -4.441891496534367,
      "cagr10": 19.91900602600356,
      "share": 2.7332057863851804,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.020404016485596706,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.020404016485596706,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.020404016485596706,
      "distanceKm": 811,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 240164779.3533293,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2010,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 43.15524122848193,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 13,
      "exporterIso3": "RUS",
      "importerIso3": "HUN",
      "exporterName": "Russia",
      "importerName": "Hungary",
      "value": 129372365.03637552,
      "cagr3": 35.83602818514344,
      "cagr5": 12.873302796244811,
      "cagr10": 6.720559741946808,
      "share": 2.590085517695112,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.10510541852490422,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.10510541852490422,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 1573,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 144570314.29218227,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 10.51249651784743,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 14,
      "exporterIso3": "RUS",
      "importerIso3": "SVK",
      "exporterName": "Russia",
      "importerName": "Slovakia",
      "value": 124638709.847,
      "cagr3": 30.410510094359665,
      "cagr5": 15.629049990233511,
      "cagr10": -1.2140694591551204,
      "share": 2.495315883172959,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.03760572131269842,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.050621226392857134,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.020014976847222223,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.03060624954563491,
      "distanceKm": 1636,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 201726332.79386836,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 38.21396139969462,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 15,
      "exporterIso3": "RUS",
      "importerIso3": "IRN",
      "exporterName": "Russia",
      "importerName": "Iran (Islamic Republic of)",
      "value": 122146345.6623326,
      "cagr3": 172.51212569333245,
      "cagr5": 100.12072622500736,
      "cagr10": 44.13320109117029,
      "share": 2.4454177741160983,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.43961473240996174,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.43961473240996174,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 2464,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 122146345.6623326,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 25,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 16,
      "exporterIso3": "USA",
      "importerIso3": "CHN",
      "exporterName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
      "importerName": "China",
      "value": 118398589.13465688,
      "cagr3": 41.242291655532036,
      "cagr5": 34.55992672741522,
      "cagr10": 18.419449015811786,
      "share": 2.3703862176979182,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.30189875567878777,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.30189875567878777,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 11883,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 186350976.28832132,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2013,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 36.46473364782851,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 17,
      "exporterIso3": "RUS",
      "importerIso3": "BLR",
      "exporterName": "Russia",
      "importerName": "Belarus",
      "value": 110825085.90104859,
      "cagr3": -19.971754740248315,
      "cagr5": -15.784074979330686,
      "cagr10": 37.08909196866435,
      "share": 2.2187617108871285,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.07918797431685824,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.11745829931417624,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.0052729007224559385,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.1121853985917203,
      "distanceKm": 678,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 261617601.81417486,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2019,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 57.63852082866854,
      "yearsWithData": 23,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
    },
    {
      "rank": 18,
      "exporterIso3": "SWE",
      "importerIso3": "ZAF",
      "exporterName": "Sweden",
      "importerName": "South Africa",
      "value": 100288450.67945781,
      "cagr3": 13929.853675105167,
      "cagr5": 20.922279084691485,
      "cagr10": 7.791837351681519,
      "share": 2.007814138853447,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.09824198576107072,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.11331475398787881,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.08401733979616163,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.029297414191717178,
      "distanceKm": 9523,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 100288450.67945781,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 22,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 19,
      "exporterIso3": "SWE",
      "importerIso3": "FIN",
      "exporterName": "Sweden",
      "importerName": "Finland",
      "value": 85442661.26987816,
      "cagr3": 31.07799906634654,
      "cagr5": 17.82760358276443,
      "cagr10": 8.909710090327616,
      "share": 1.710595608932531,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.037860109878787865,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.037860109878787865,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.037860109878787865,
      "distanceKm": 397,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 85442661.26987816,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 20,
      "exporterIso3": "DEU",
      "importerIso3": "NLD",
      "exporterName": "Germany",
      "importerName": "Netherlands",
      "value": 83809116.71897486,
      "cagr3": 56.546061947743986,
      "cagr5": 42.079546872494646,
      "cagr10": -3.7943688081602978,
      "share": 1.677891405970679,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
      "distanceKm": 579,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 288419083.0532903,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2011,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 70.94189613539208,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 21,
      "exporterIso3": "ESP",
      "importerIso3": "FRA",
      "exporterName": "Spain",
      "importerName": "France",
      "value": 82951120.96860465,
      "cagr3": 13.505737545464825,
      "cagr5": 44.697688791616685,
      "cagr10": 1.4423348890099552,
      "share": 1.6607139943445333,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
      "distanceKm": 1053,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 365440979.31054646,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2011,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 77.30108946043678,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 22,
      "exporterIso3": "FRA",
      "importerIso3": "GBR",
      "exporterName": "France",
      "importerName": "United Kingdom",
      "value": 75299501.42112778,
      "cagr3": 33.91554707779561,
      "cagr5": 110.40978419343182,
      "cagr10": 39.28698174357632,
      "share": 1.507525568274867,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
      "distanceKm": 344,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 95274242.77916396,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 20.965520979616286,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 23,
      "exporterIso3": "SWE",
      "importerIso3": "BGR",
      "exporterName": "Sweden",
      "importerName": "Bulgaria",
      "value": 68699961.23686314,
      "cagr3": 4295.107809506776,
      "cagr5": 867.7913130163207,
      "cagr10": null,
      "share": 1.3754001839247807,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.0617052980562909,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.12416639822626259,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.05434503600384846,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.06982136222241413,
      "distanceKm": 1886,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 68699961.23686314,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 3,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 24,
      "exporterIso3": "DEU",
      "importerIso3": "GBR",
      "exporterName": "Germany",
      "importerName": "United Kingdom",
      "value": 62770947.50688469,
      "cagr3": 192.11285483691768,
      "cagr5": 131.9197785979101,
      "cagr10": 54.9185720334038,
      "share": 1.2566990023245617,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
      "distanceKm": 935,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 141225634.67072362,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2018,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 55.5527240835284,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 25,
      "exporterIso3": "DEU",
      "importerIso3": "FIN",
      "exporterName": "Germany",
      "importerName": "Finland",
      "value": 59616655.669556476,
      "cagr3": -5.016957327172722,
      "cagr5": 7.802156884793154,
      "cagr10": 5.790777274695569,
      "share": 1.1935488419008065,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.03723152567901234,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.03723152567901234,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.03723152567901234,
      "distanceKm": 1107,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 90384036.5681603,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2017,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 34.040724520420774,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Declining"
    }
  ],
  "growthLeaders": [
    {
      "rank": 18,
      "exporterIso3": "SWE",
      "importerIso3": "ZAF",
      "exporterName": "Sweden",
      "importerName": "South Africa",
      "value": 100288450.67945781,
      "cagr3": 13929.853675105167,
      "cagr5": 20.922279084691485,
      "cagr10": 7.791837351681519,
      "share": 2.007814138853447,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.09824198576107072,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.11331475398787881,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.08401733979616163,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.029297414191717178,
      "distanceKm": 9523,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 100288450.67945781,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 22,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 23,
      "exporterIso3": "SWE",
      "importerIso3": "BGR",
      "exporterName": "Sweden",
      "importerName": "Bulgaria",
      "value": 68699961.23686314,
      "cagr3": 4295.107809506776,
      "cagr5": 867.7913130163207,
      "cagr10": null,
      "share": 1.3754001839247807,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.0617052980562909,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.12416639822626259,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.05434503600384846,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.06982136222241413,
      "distanceKm": 1886,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 68699961.23686314,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 3,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 24,
      "exporterIso3": "DEU",
      "importerIso3": "GBR",
      "exporterName": "Germany",
      "importerName": "United Kingdom",
      "value": 62770947.50688469,
      "cagr3": 192.11285483691768,
      "cagr5": 131.9197785979101,
      "cagr10": 54.9185720334038,
      "share": 1.2566990023245617,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
      "distanceKm": 935,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 141225634.67072362,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2018,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 55.5527240835284,
      "yearsWithData": 30,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 15,
      "exporterIso3": "RUS",
      "importerIso3": "IRN",
      "exporterName": "Russia",
      "importerName": "Iran (Islamic Republic of)",
      "value": 122146345.6623326,
      "cagr3": 172.51212569333245,
      "cagr5": 100.12072622500736,
      "cagr10": 44.13320109117029,
      "share": 2.4454177741160983,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.43961473240996174,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.43961473240996174,
      "preferentialTariffPct": null,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
      "distanceKm": 2464,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 122146345.6623326,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 25,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    {
      "rank": 6,
      "exporterIso3": "RUS",
      "importerIso3": "TUR",
      "exporterName": "Russia",
      "importerName": "Turkey",
      "value": 269036474.7033828,
      "cagr3": 84.68688522599909,
      "cagr5": null,
      "cagr10": null,
      "share": 5.3862158016903585,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": false,
      "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.08505396721187741,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.096165170908046,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.029698601970498076,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.06646656893754792,
      "distanceKm": 1757,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 269036474.7033828,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 5,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    }
  ],
  "accessComparison": [
    {
      "label": "FTA reported",
      "rows": [
        {
          "rank": 5,
          "exporterIso3": "SWE",
          "importerIso3": "UKR",
          "exporterName": "Sweden",
          "importerName": "Ukraine",
          "value": 321580106.69386744,
          "cagr3": 7.589847044908771,
          "cagr5": 15.959147080474967,
          "cagr10": 23.467140352892145,
          "share": 6.438159933865656,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.062311219036628354,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.06742568300996168,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.0219155715432682,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.04551011146669348,
          "distanceKm": 1268,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 321580106.69386744,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 14,
          "trendLabel": "Growing"
        },
        {
          "rank": 7,
          "exporterIso3": "SWE",
          "importerIso3": "FRA",
          "exporterName": "Sweden",
          "importerName": "France",
          "value": 234408388.6492592,
          "cagr3": -20.312753844185984,
          "cagr5": -8.143705170448756,
          "cagr10": -7.5393239032315424,
          "share": 4.692947929768348,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.03752397506868687,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.03752397506868687,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.03752397506868687,
          "distanceKm": 1547,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 595097736.8013343,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2013,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 60.61010248346593,
          "yearsWithData": 27,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
        },
        {
          "rank": 8,
          "exporterIso3": "CHN",
          "importerIso3": "PAK",
          "exporterName": "China",
          "importerName": "Pakistan",
          "value": 189024350.38729194,
          "cagr3": 11.972561496543488,
          "cagr5": 19.570507155636598,
          "cagr10": 13.54051569880177,
          "share": 3.78434167368119,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.3924685062080808,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.4008605510242425,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.10733320757618181,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.2935273434480607,
          "distanceKm": 5339,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 189024350.38729194,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 28,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 9,
          "exporterIso3": "DEU",
          "importerIso3": "CHE",
          "exporterName": "Germany",
          "importerName": "Switzerland, Liechtenstein",
          "value": 153570198.0647477,
          "cagr3": 41.52789628600855,
          "cagr5": 39.600330485209035,
          "cagr10": 80.6559327998505,
          "share": 3.0745356308917673,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.012842625485358024,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.021083829923006173,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": -0.021083829923006173,
          "distanceKm": 674,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 153570198.0647477,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 11,
          "exporterIso3": "GBR",
          "importerIso3": "FRA",
          "exporterName": "United Kingdom",
          "importerName": "France",
          "value": 139454198.58726877,
          "cagr3": 11.395862482918751,
          "cagr5": 1118.5228001415362,
          "cagr10": 191.08491592140493,
          "share": 2.7919277818033637,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.0007673828181818182,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.0007673828181818182,
          "distanceKm": 344,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 139454198.58726877,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 29,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 12,
          "exporterIso3": "DEU",
          "importerIso3": "SWE",
          "exporterName": "Germany",
          "importerName": "Sweden",
          "value": 136521089.4775487,
          "cagr3": 17.037579098050237,
          "cagr5": -4.441891496534367,
          "cagr10": 19.91900602600356,
          "share": 2.7332057863851804,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.020404016485596706,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.020404016485596706,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.020404016485596706,
          "distanceKm": 811,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 240164779.3533293,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2010,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 43.15524122848193,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 15,
          "exporterIso3": "RUS",
          "importerIso3": "IRN",
          "exporterName": "Russia",
          "importerName": "Iran (Islamic Republic of)",
          "value": 122146345.6623326,
          "cagr3": 172.51212569333245,
          "cagr5": 100.12072622500736,
          "cagr10": 44.13320109117029,
          "share": 2.4454177741160983,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.43961473240996174,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.43961473240996174,
          "preferentialTariffPct": null,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
          "distanceKm": 2464,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 122146345.6623326,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 25,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 17,
          "exporterIso3": "RUS",
          "importerIso3": "BLR",
          "exporterName": "Russia",
          "importerName": "Belarus",
          "value": 110825085.90104859,
          "cagr3": -19.971754740248315,
          "cagr5": -15.784074979330686,
          "cagr10": 37.08909196866435,
          "share": 2.2187617108871285,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.07918797431685824,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.11745829931417624,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.0052729007224559385,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.1121853985917203,
          "distanceKm": 678,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 261617601.81417486,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2019,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 57.63852082866854,
          "yearsWithData": 23,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid decline"
        },
        {
          "rank": 18,
          "exporterIso3": "SWE",
          "importerIso3": "ZAF",
          "exporterName": "Sweden",
          "importerName": "South Africa",
          "value": 100288450.67945781,
          "cagr3": 13929.853675105167,
          "cagr5": 20.922279084691485,
          "cagr10": 7.791837351681519,
          "share": 2.007814138853447,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.09824198576107072,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.11331475398787881,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.08401733979616163,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.029297414191717178,
          "distanceKm": 9523,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 100288450.67945781,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 22,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 19,
          "exporterIso3": "SWE",
          "importerIso3": "FIN",
          "exporterName": "Sweden",
          "importerName": "Finland",
          "value": 85442661.26987816,
          "cagr3": 31.07799906634654,
          "cagr5": 17.82760358276443,
          "cagr10": 8.909710090327616,
          "share": 1.710595608932531,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.037860109878787865,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.037860109878787865,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.037860109878787865,
          "distanceKm": 397,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 85442661.26987816,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 20,
          "exporterIso3": "DEU",
          "importerIso3": "NLD",
          "exporterName": "Germany",
          "importerName": "Netherlands",
          "value": 83809116.71897486,
          "cagr3": 56.546061947743986,
          "cagr5": 42.079546872494646,
          "cagr10": -3.7943688081602978,
          "share": 1.677891405970679,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
          "distanceKm": 579,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 288419083.0532903,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2011,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 70.94189613539208,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 21,
          "exporterIso3": "ESP",
          "importerIso3": "FRA",
          "exporterName": "Spain",
          "importerName": "France",
          "value": 82951120.96860465,
          "cagr3": 13.505737545464825,
          "cagr5": 44.697688791616685,
          "cagr10": 1.4423348890099552,
          "share": 1.6607139943445333,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
          "distanceKm": 1053,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 365440979.31054646,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2011,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 77.30108946043678,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 22,
          "exporterIso3": "FRA",
          "importerIso3": "GBR",
          "exporterName": "France",
          "importerName": "United Kingdom",
          "value": 75299501.42112778,
          "cagr3": 33.91554707779561,
          "cagr5": 110.40978419343182,
          "cagr10": 39.28698174357632,
          "share": 1.507525568274867,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
          "distanceKm": 344,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 95274242.77916396,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 20.965520979616286,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 23,
          "exporterIso3": "SWE",
          "importerIso3": "BGR",
          "exporterName": "Sweden",
          "importerName": "Bulgaria",
          "value": 68699961.23686314,
          "cagr3": 4295.107809506776,
          "cagr5": 867.7913130163207,
          "cagr10": null,
          "share": 1.3754001839247807,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.0617052980562909,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.12416639822626259,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.05434503600384846,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.06982136222241413,
          "distanceKm": 1886,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 68699961.23686314,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 3,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 24,
          "exporterIso3": "DEU",
          "importerIso3": "GBR",
          "exporterName": "Germany",
          "importerName": "United Kingdom",
          "value": 62770947.50688469,
          "cagr3": 192.11285483691768,
          "cagr5": 131.9197785979101,
          "cagr10": 54.9185720334038,
          "share": 1.2566990023245617,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0,
          "distanceKm": 935,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 141225634.67072362,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2018,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 55.5527240835284,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 25,
          "exporterIso3": "DEU",
          "importerIso3": "FIN",
          "exporterName": "Germany",
          "importerName": "Finland",
          "value": 59616655.669556476,
          "cagr3": -5.016957327172722,
          "cagr5": 7.802156884793154,
          "cagr10": 5.790777274695569,
          "share": 1.1935488419008065,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": true,
          "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.03723152567901234,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.03723152567901234,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.03723152567901234,
          "distanceKm": 1107,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 90384036.5681603,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2017,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 34.040724520420774,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Declining"
        }
      ],
      "count": 16,
      "value": 2026408178.8947122,
      "averageCagr": 1173.0533807047727,
      "averageAppliedTariffPct": 0.07996199802414579,
      "averageTariffAdvantagePp": 0.044202987328524346
    },
    {
      "label": "No FTA reported",
      "rows": [
        {
          "rank": 1,
          "exporterIso3": "KOR",
          "importerIso3": "ARE",
          "exporterName": "Republic of Korea",
          "importerName": "United Arab Emirates",
          "value": 404582968.82211936,
          "cagr3": 38.661326232386,
          "cagr5": 140.9196646600344,
          "cagr10": 16.023677240618973,
          "share": 8.099909806531139,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.052146291145454514,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.052146291145454514,
          "preferentialTariffPct": null,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
          "distanceKm": 6788,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 404582968.82211936,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 16,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 2,
          "exporterIso3": "KAZ",
          "importerIso3": "CHN",
          "exporterName": "Kazakhstan",
          "importerName": "China",
          "value": 348607372.8813763,
          "cagr3": null,
          "cagr5": null,
          "cagr10": null,
          "share": 6.979256409264206,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.1675117538735632,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.1675117538735632,
          "preferentialTariffPct": null,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
          "distanceKm": 4117,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 348607372.8813763,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 3,
          "trendLabel": "Insufficient history"
        },
        {
          "rank": 3,
          "exporterIso3": "RUS",
          "importerIso3": "CZE",
          "exporterName": "Russia",
          "importerName": "Czechia",
          "value": 337821935.50688523,
          "cagr3": 34.92025286791027,
          "cagr5": 22.078062839278132,
          "cagr10": 8.692549594548481,
          "share": 6.763327720491899,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.061270627130952375,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.061270627130952375,
          "preferentialTariffPct": null,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
          "distanceKm": 1673,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 337821935.50688523,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 4,
          "exporterIso3": "RUS",
          "importerIso3": "CHN",
          "exporterName": "Russia",
          "importerName": "China",
          "value": 323382864.18165946,
          "cagr3": 80.94386676921361,
          "cagr5": 19.704805188308995,
          "cagr10": 8.248974554623235,
          "share": 6.474251846228343,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.16751175387356323,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.16751175387356323,
          "preferentialTariffPct": null,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
          "distanceKm": 6831,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 323382864.18165946,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 6,
          "exporterIso3": "RUS",
          "importerIso3": "TUR",
          "exporterName": "Russia",
          "importerName": "Turkey",
          "value": 269036474.7033828,
          "cagr3": 84.68688522599909,
          "cagr5": null,
          "cagr10": null,
          "share": 5.3862158016903585,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.08505396721187741,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.096165170908046,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.029698601970498076,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.06646656893754792,
          "distanceKm": 1757,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 269036474.7033828,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
          "yearsWithData": 5,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 10,
          "exporterIso3": "FRA",
          "importerIso3": "CHN",
          "exporterName": "France",
          "importerName": "China",
          "value": 139758184.10728484,
          "cagr3": -2.6628793641625514,
          "cagr5": 6.6279573161792005,
          "cagr10": 4.7146132371231,
          "share": 2.7980136912072866,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.30189875567878793,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.30189875567878793,
          "preferentialTariffPct": null,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
          "distanceKm": 9284,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 331450026.1501336,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2012,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 57.83431193818039,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Stable"
        },
        {
          "rank": 13,
          "exporterIso3": "RUS",
          "importerIso3": "HUN",
          "exporterName": "Russia",
          "importerName": "Hungary",
          "value": 129372365.03637552,
          "cagr3": 35.83602818514344,
          "cagr5": 12.873302796244811,
          "cagr10": 6.720559741946808,
          "share": 2.590085517695112,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.10510541852490422,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.10510541852490422,
          "preferentialTariffPct": null,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
          "distanceKm": 1573,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 144570314.29218227,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 10.51249651784743,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 14,
          "exporterIso3": "RUS",
          "importerIso3": "SVK",
          "exporterName": "Russia",
          "importerName": "Slovakia",
          "value": 124638709.847,
          "cagr3": 30.410510094359665,
          "cagr5": 15.629049990233511,
          "cagr10": -1.2140694591551204,
          "share": 2.495315883172959,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.03760572131269842,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.050621226392857134,
          "preferentialTariffPct": 0.020014976847222223,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.03060624954563491,
          "distanceKm": 1636,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 201726332.79386836,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2023,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 38.21396139969462,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        },
        {
          "rank": 16,
          "exporterIso3": "USA",
          "importerIso3": "CHN",
          "exporterName": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
          "importerName": "China",
          "value": 118398589.13465688,
          "cagr3": 41.242291655532036,
          "cagr5": 34.55992672741522,
          "cagr10": 18.419449015811786,
          "share": 2.3703862176979182,
          "ftaKnown": true,
          "hasFta": false,
          "accessLabel": "No FTA reported",
          "appliedTariffPct": 0.30189875567878777,
          "mfnTariffPct": 0.30189875567878777,
          "preferentialTariffPct": null,
          "tariffAdvantagePp": null,
          "distanceKm": 11883,
          "historicalPeakUsd": 186350976.28832132,
          "historicalPeakYear": 2013,
          "latestBelowPeakPct": 36.46473364782851,
          "yearsWithData": 30,
          "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
        }
      ],
      "count": 9,
      "value": 2195599464.2207403,
      "averageCagr": 43.0047852082977,
      "averageAppliedTariffPct": 0.14222256049228765,
      "averageTariffAdvantagePp": 0.048536409241591416
    }
  ],
  "tariffHighlights": {
    "lowestApplied": {
      "rank": 11,
      "exporterIso3": "GBR",
      "importerIso3": "FRA",
      "exporterName": "United Kingdom",
      "importerName": "France",
      "value": 139454198.58726877,
      "cagr3": 11.395862482918751,
      "cagr5": 1118.5228001415362,
      "cagr10": 191.08491592140493,
      "share": 2.7919277818033637,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.0007673828181818182,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.0007673828181818182,
      "distanceKm": 344,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 139454198.58726877,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 29,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    },
    "largestAdvantage": {
      "rank": 8,
      "exporterIso3": "CHN",
      "importerIso3": "PAK",
      "exporterName": "China",
      "importerName": "Pakistan",
      "value": 189024350.38729194,
      "cagr3": 11.972561496543488,
      "cagr5": 19.570507155636598,
      "cagr10": 13.54051569880177,
      "share": 3.78434167368119,
      "ftaKnown": true,
      "hasFta": true,
      "accessLabel": "FTA reported",
      "appliedTariffPct": 0.3924685062080808,
      "mfnTariffPct": 0.4008605510242425,
      "preferentialTariffPct": 0.10733320757618181,
      "tariffAdvantagePp": 0.2935273434480607,
      "distanceKm": 5339,
      "historicalPeakUsd": 189024350.38729194,
      "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
      "latestBelowPeakPct": 0,
      "yearsWithData": 28,
      "trendLabel": "Rapid growth"
    }
  },
  "cta": {
    "label": "Open HS4 8401 workspace",
    "href": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app?hs=8401",
    "supportingLinks": [
      {
        "label": "Read the HS4 overview",
        "href": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8401"
      },
      {
        "label": "Read the parent HS2 overview",
        "href": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/84"
      },
      {
        "label": "Review data sources",
        "href": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources"
      },
      {
        "label": "Check data coverage",
        "href": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage"
      },
      {
        "label": "Read the methodology",
        "href": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
      },
      {
        "label": "Read Responsible AI principles",
        "href": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai"
      }
    ],
    "context": "Continue researching Nuclear reactors in Yugalinks."
  },
  "internalLinks": {
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app?hs=8401",
    "hs4Overview": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8401",
    "hs2Overview": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/84",
    "parentHs2Overview": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/84",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8401/corridors",
    "htmlFile": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8401/corridors/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8401/corridors/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8401/corridors/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8401/corridors/index.ld.json",
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app?hs=8401",
    "hs4Overview": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8401",
    "hs2Overview": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/84",
    "parentHs2Overview": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs2/84",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  }
}