{
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview",
  "source": "api",
  "title": "Tools (HS4 8208) Trade Overview | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Review reported global trade for tools at HS4 8208, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.",
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8208",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
    ]
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-27",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-27"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8208/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8208/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8208/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8208/index.ld.json",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "internalLinks": {
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app",
    "platform": "https://www.yugalinks.com/platform",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage",
    "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai"
  },
  "subsector": {
    "hs4": "8208",
    "name": "Tools"
  },
  "coverage": {
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "answer": "The tools subsector recorded $4.0B in reported global trade in 2024, with -0% annual change.",
  "keyFigures": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 3982356421.1314774,
    "latestAnnualChangePct": -0.04753967713202023,
    "activeExporters": 177,
    "activeImporters": 199,
    "activeHs6Products": 5
  },
  "growthAndStructure": {
    "trendLabel": "Stable",
    "tradeCagr3yPct": -0.12918292226247186,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 2.682827334961746,
    "historicalPeakUsd": 4017743018.16352,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2022,
    "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 68.96551724137932,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 1175.2199055664826,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 629.8441230270485,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.4127280729086079
  },
  "annualRows": [
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "hs4": 8208,
      "global_trade_usd": 986341134.6265384,
      "corridor_count": 3348,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "hs4": 8208,
      "global_trade_usd": 1026571888.01365,
      "corridor_count": 3493,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "hs4": 8208,
      "global_trade_usd": 1019555007.174609,
      "corridor_count": 3548,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "hs4": 8208,
      "global_trade_usd": 1053359202.4985241,
      "corridor_count": 3549,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "hs4": 8208,
      "global_trade_usd": 1285978627.9286408,
      "corridor_count": 3852,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "hs4": 8208,
      "global_trade_usd": 1233323100.1069643,
      "corridor_count": 4564,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "hs4": 8208,
      "global_trade_usd": 1154380466.5223997,
      "corridor_count": 4689,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "hs4": 8208,
      "global_trade_usd": 1248675514.1015677,
      "corridor_count": 4859,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "hs4": 8208,
      "global_trade_usd": 1499498635.1740923,
      "corridor_count": 4960,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "hs4": 8208,
      "global_trade_usd": 1875611587.138531,
      "corridor_count": 5195,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "hs4": 8208,
      "global_trade_usd": 1987523354.292695,
      "corridor_count": 5358,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "hs4": 8208,
      "global_trade_usd": 2092502034.8854873,
      "corridor_count": 5610,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "hs4": 8208,
      "global_trade_usd": 2509962263.8702264,
      "corridor_count": 5680,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "hs4": 8208,
      "global_trade_usd": 2820606732.1483727,
      "corridor_count": 5809,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "hs4": 8208,
      "global_trade_usd": 2201685902.9497743,
      "corridor_count": 5945,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "hs4": 8208,
      "global_trade_usd": 2569756821.2179065,
      "corridor_count": 6035,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "hs4": 8208,
      "global_trade_usd": 3006880000.3121614,
      "corridor_count": 6243,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "hs4": 8208,
      "global_trade_usd": 2956462264.4650645,
      "corridor_count": 6348,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "hs4": 8208,
      "global_trade_usd": 3018187531.6554117,
      "corridor_count": 6366,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "hs4": 8208,
      "global_trade_usd": 3240201751.17573,
      "corridor_count": 6576,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "hs4": 8208,
      "global_trade_usd": 3000011057.8864717,
      "corridor_count": 6662,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "hs4": 8208,
      "global_trade_usd": 3065957493.8427815,
      "corridor_count": 6873,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "hs4": 8208,
      "global_trade_usd": 3283934930.9909377,
      "corridor_count": 6882,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "hs4": 8208,
      "global_trade_usd": 3645707465.315526,
      "corridor_count": 6998,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "hs4": 8208,
      "global_trade_usd": 3488598865.9279413,
      "corridor_count": 6948,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "hs4": 8208,
      "global_trade_usd": 3344587789.487545,
      "corridor_count": 6756,
      "active_hs6_count": 5
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
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      "year": 2022,
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      "year": 2023,
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    },
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      "year": 2024,
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    }
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      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "China",
      "importer_name": "Russia"
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      "importer_name": "Germany"
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      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 0.7467369804910584,
      "historical_peak_usd": 56532632.236068755,
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      "latest_below_peak_pct": 13.92874574594695,
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      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 68.96551724137932,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -5.1375113587412535,
      "trend_label": "Declining",
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      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 881,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
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      "exporter_name": "Germany",
      "importer_name": "France"
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      "latest_below_peak_pct": 39.798387176512215,
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      "exporter_name": "Germany",
      "importer_name": "China"
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      "export_partner_count": 163,
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      "active_hs6_count": 5,
      "country_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
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      "import_partner_count": 50,
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      "exports_usd": 179244861.63623217,
      "imports_usd": 67731249.90898076,
      "trade_balance_usd": 111513611.72725141,
      "export_partner_count": 129,
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      "active_hs6_count": 5,
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    },
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      "imports_usd": 103224119.2031867,
      "trade_balance_usd": 73099835.90195261,
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      "active_hs6_count": 5,
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      "trade_balance_usd": 118911218.0875738,
      "export_partner_count": 150,
      "import_partner_count": 75,
      "active_hs6_count": 5,
      "country_name": "Switzerland, Liechtenstein"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "SWE",
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      "imports_usd": 32854641.898123957,
      "trade_balance_usd": 77529181.90700707,
      "export_partner_count": 129,
      "import_partner_count": 62,
      "active_hs6_count": 5,
      "country_name": "Sweden"
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    {
      "year": 2024,
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      "trade_balance_usd": 8653739.462172061,
      "export_partner_count": 149,
      "import_partner_count": 72,
      "active_hs6_count": 5,
      "country_name": "Netherlands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
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      "imports_usd": 129143424.35255861,
      "trade_balance_usd": -22706238.513622552,
      "export_partner_count": 157,
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      "active_hs6_count": 5,
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      "export_partner_count": 163,
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      "active_hs6_count": 5,
      "country_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
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      "trade_balance_usd": 394641154.58303607,
      "export_partner_count": 171,
      "import_partner_count": 91,
      "active_hs6_count": 5,
      "country_name": "Germany"
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    {
      "year": 2024,
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      "imports_usd": 181392660.44284746,
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      "export_partner_count": 27,
      "import_partner_count": 32,
      "active_hs6_count": 5,
      "country_name": "Russia"
    },
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      "year": 2024,
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      "imports_usd": 157540852.2653638,
      "trade_balance_usd": -135596535.05329445,
      "export_partner_count": 91,
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      "country_name": "Mexico"
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      "export_partner_count": 126,
      "import_partner_count": 85,
      "active_hs6_count": 5,
      "country_name": "Canada"
    },
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      "year": 2024,
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      "imports_usd": 139043254.0508232,
      "trade_balance_usd": -84979587.4788036,
      "export_partner_count": 105,
      "import_partner_count": 56,
      "active_hs6_count": 5,
      "country_name": "Viet Nam"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
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      "imports_usd": 129143424.35255861,
      "trade_balance_usd": -22706238.513622552,
      "export_partner_count": 157,
      "import_partner_count": 92,
      "active_hs6_count": 5,
      "country_name": "France"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
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      "imports_usd": 103224119.2031867,
      "trade_balance_usd": 73099835.90195261,
      "export_partner_count": 156,
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      "active_hs6_count": 5,
      "country_name": "Italy"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
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      "imports_usd": 100220229.46978201,
      "trade_balance_usd": 8653739.462172061,
      "export_partner_count": 149,
      "import_partner_count": 72,
      "active_hs6_count": 5,
      "country_name": "Netherlands"
    }
  ],
  "products": [
    {
      "hs_code": "820810",
      "product_name": "Tools: knives and cutting blades, for machines or for mechanical appliances, for metal working"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "820820",
      "product_name": "Tools: knives and cutting blades, for wood working machines or mechanical appliances"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "820830",
      "product_name": "Tools: knives and cutting blades, for kitchen appliances or for machines used by the food industry"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "820840",
      "product_name": "Tools: knives and cutting blades, for agricultural, horticultural or forestry machines or mechanical appliances"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "820890",
      "product_name": "Tools: knives and cutting blades, for machines or mechanical appliances, n.e.s. in heading no. 8208"
    }
  ],
  "methodology": {
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.",
    "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.",
    "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed."
  }
}