{
  "pageType": "HS4 subsector trade overview",
  "source": "api",
  "title": "Tools, hand (HS4 8205) Trade Overview | Yugalinks",
  "description": "Review reported global trade for tools, hand at HS4 8205, including scale, trend, corridors, countries, and the HS6 products within this subsector.",
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8205",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks",
    "sameAs": [
      "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
    ]
  },
  "sourceAttribution": {
    "publisher": "OECD",
    "dataset": "Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D",
    "year": 2025,
    "citation": "OECD (2025), Balanced international merchandise trade statistics (BIMTS) - HS2017-6D, OECD Data Explorer (accessed on 2026-08-27)",
    "sourceUrl": "https://data-explorer.oecd.org/",
    "dataflowUrl": "https://sdmx.oecd.org/sti-public/rest/dataflow/OECD.SDD.TPS/DSD_BIMTS_6D@DF_BIMTS_HS2017_6D/1.0",
    "termsUrl": "https://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions/",
    "terms": "OECD Terms & Conditions",
    "accessed": "2026-08-27",
    "supportingSources": [
      {
        "publisher": "CEPII",
        "dataset": "BACI bilateral trade flows",
        "release": "202601",
        "citation": "Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version, CEPII Working Paper No. 2010-23.",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/doc/baci_webpage.html",
        "datasetUrl": "https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37",
        "licenseUrl": "https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf",
        "license": "Etalab 2.0 Open Licence",
        "accessed": "2026-08-27"
      }
    ]
  },
  "links": {
    "html": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8205/index.html",
    "markdown": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8205/index.md",
    "json": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8205/index.json",
    "jsonLd": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/sector/hs4/8205/index.ld.json",
    "linkedin": "https://in.linkedin.com/company/yugalinks"
  },
  "internalLinks": {
    "workspace": "https://www.yugalinks.com/app",
    "platform": "https://www.yugalinks.com/platform",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology",
    "dataSources": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-sources",
    "dataCoverage": "https://www.yugalinks.com/data-coverage",
    "responsibleAi": "https://www.yugalinks.com/responsible-ai"
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  "subsector": {
    "hs4": "8205",
    "name": "Tools, hand"
  },
  "coverage": {
    "firstDataYear": 1995,
    "latestDataYear": 2024,
    "yearsWithData": 30,
    "refreshedAt": "2026-07-20 09:34:09"
  },
  "answer": "The tools, hand subsector recorded $9.5B in reported global trade in 2024, with +3.6% annual change.",
  "keyFigures": {
    "latestTradeUsd": 9505053648.79077,
    "latestAnnualChangePct": 3.6364415860199153,
    "activeExporters": 199,
    "activeImporters": 200,
    "activeHs6Products": 9
  },
  "growthAndStructure": {
    "trendLabel": "Stable",
    "tradeCagr3yPct": 1.122474234240478,
    "tradeCagr5yPct": 4.587634717979827,
    "historicalPeakUsd": 9505053648.79077,
    "historicalPeakYear": 2024,
    "positiveGrowthYearSharePct": 68.96551724137932,
    "exporterConcentrationHhi": 2302.6818032051906,
    "importerConcentrationHhi": 542.7097924022688,
    "tradeVolatilityCv": 0.36614592064937473
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  "annualRows": [
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      "year": 1995,
      "hs4": 8205,
      "global_trade_usd": 2716003530.0646777,
      "corridor_count": 4959,
      "active_hs6_count": 9
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "hs4": 8205,
      "global_trade_usd": 2731267253.827878,
      "corridor_count": 5086,
      "active_hs6_count": 9
    },
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      "year": 1997,
      "hs4": 8205,
      "global_trade_usd": 2805412962.9256473,
      "corridor_count": 5136,
      "active_hs6_count": 9
    },
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      "year": 1998,
      "hs4": 8205,
      "global_trade_usd": 2886866982.0518503,
      "corridor_count": 5301,
      "active_hs6_count": 9
    },
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      "year": 1999,
      "hs4": 8205,
      "global_trade_usd": 3051313124.788991,
      "corridor_count": 5601,
      "active_hs6_count": 9
    },
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      "year": 2000,
      "hs4": 8205,
      "global_trade_usd": 3304579117.523181,
      "corridor_count": 6940,
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    },
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      "year": 2001,
      "hs4": 8205,
      "global_trade_usd": 3197757228.7094703,
      "corridor_count": 7155,
      "active_hs6_count": 9
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "hs4": 8205,
      "global_trade_usd": 3384238827.144239,
      "corridor_count": 7435,
      "active_hs6_count": 9
    },
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      "year": 2003,
      "hs4": 8205,
      "global_trade_usd": 3792507150.4545293,
      "corridor_count": 7604,
      "active_hs6_count": 9
    },
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      "year": 2004,
      "hs4": 8205,
      "global_trade_usd": 4490995749.363304,
      "corridor_count": 7911,
      "active_hs6_count": 9
    },
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      "year": 2005,
      "hs4": 8205,
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      "corridor_count": 8249,
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      "year": 2006,
      "hs4": 8205,
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      "corridor_count": 8571,
      "active_hs6_count": 9
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "hs4": 8205,
      "global_trade_usd": 6286381313.233648,
      "corridor_count": 8808,
      "active_hs6_count": 9
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
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      "corridor_count": 8958,
      "active_hs6_count": 9
    },
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      "year": 2009,
      "hs4": 8205,
      "global_trade_usd": 5164398238.695899,
      "corridor_count": 9121,
      "active_hs6_count": 9
    },
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      "year": 2010,
      "hs4": 8205,
      "global_trade_usd": 5891116330.812329,
      "corridor_count": 9317,
      "active_hs6_count": 9
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "hs4": 8205,
      "global_trade_usd": 6542896339.480572,
      "corridor_count": 9597,
      "active_hs6_count": 9
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "hs4": 8205,
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      "corridor_count": 9956,
      "active_hs6_count": 9
    },
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      "year": 2013,
      "hs4": 8205,
      "global_trade_usd": 6731294414.575823,
      "corridor_count": 9968,
      "active_hs6_count": 9
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "hs4": 8205,
      "global_trade_usd": 7179278810.121163,
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      "active_hs6_count": 9
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      "year": 2015,
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      "global_trade_usd": 6752922235.510588,
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      "year": 2016,
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      "year": 2017,
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      "corridor_count": 10617,
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    },
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      "year": 2018,
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      "global_trade_usd": 7623027781.651745,
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    },
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      "year": 2019,
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      "year": 2020,
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      "year": 2021,
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      "corridor_rank": 9,
      "exporter_iso3": "USA",
      "importer_iso3": "CAN",
      "first_data_year": 1995,
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "years_with_data": 30,
      "exports_latest_usd": 126875829.5635903,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 132809578.16940916,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 126225283.50555305,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 121620528.60825853,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.5861400479100443,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 1.1689378526970273,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 0.090574010777833,
      "historical_peak_usd": 137819941.128382,
      "historical_peak_year": 2023,
      "latest_below_peak_pct": 7.940876679519866,
      "yoy_growth_latest_pct": -7.940876679519871,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 0.49556603713221126,
      "trend_label": "Stable",
      "active_hs6_count": 9,
      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 556,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.045807528214990095,
      "mfn_tariff_pct": 0.07513050048545458,
      "preferential_tariff_pct": 0.043961979603501,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.031168520881953585,
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands",
      "importer_name": "Canada"
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    {
      "hs4": 8205,
      "corridor_rank": 10,
      "exporter_iso3": "CHN",
      "importer_iso3": "CAN",
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      "exports_latest_usd": 109890029.38249965,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 111630636.64314468,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 112634699.05865808,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 98099431.02729289,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -4.798325493113742,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 3.065503626847277,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 3.32654159471224,
      "historical_peak_usd": 127357500.67443739,
      "historical_peak_year": 2021,
      "latest_below_peak_pct": 13.715306283050927,
      "yoy_growth_latest_pct": 9.815528868697232,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 79.3103448275862,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -8.124867087825983,
      "trend_label": "Declining",
      "active_hs6_count": 9,
      "access_data_year": 2024,
      "distance_km": 11441,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.052512962910909095,
      "mfn_tariff_pct": 0.07513050048545457,
      "preferential_tariff_pct": 0.04141017184121213,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.03372032864424244,
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:37:48",
      "exporter_name": "China",
      "importer_name": "Canada"
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    {
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      "export_partner_count": 200,
      "import_partner_count": 103,
      "active_hs6_count": 9,
      "country_name": "China"
    },
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      "year": 2024,
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      "active_hs6_count": 9,
      "country_name": "Germany"
    },
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      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "TWN",
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      "trade_balance_usd": 802787259.2442385,
      "export_partner_count": 172,
      "import_partner_count": 65,
      "active_hs6_count": 9,
      "country_name": "Taiwan"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "USA",
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      "export_partner_count": 183,
      "import_partner_count": 126,
      "active_hs6_count": 9,
      "country_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
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      "year": 2024,
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      "trade_balance_usd": -210190775.3468173,
      "export_partner_count": 180,
      "import_partner_count": 141,
      "active_hs6_count": 9,
      "country_name": "France"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ITA",
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      "exports_usd": 178109369.17071685,
      "imports_usd": 195649624.4059955,
      "trade_balance_usd": -17540255.235278636,
      "export_partner_count": 173,
      "import_partner_count": 95,
      "active_hs6_count": 9,
      "country_name": "Italy"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "NLD",
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      "exports_usd": 169519933.6295719,
      "imports_usd": 280672118.0866842,
      "trade_balance_usd": -111152184.45711231,
      "export_partner_count": 173,
      "import_partner_count": 120,
      "active_hs6_count": 9,
      "country_name": "Netherlands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "IND",
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      "exports_usd": 168779398.26949424,
      "imports_usd": 89763113.0943331,
      "trade_balance_usd": 79016285.17516114,
      "export_partner_count": 179,
      "import_partner_count": 80,
      "active_hs6_count": 9,
      "country_name": "India"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "GBR",
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      "exports_usd": 161740492.8997248,
      "imports_usd": 367748905.70977545,
      "trade_balance_usd": -206008412.81005064,
      "export_partner_count": 175,
      "import_partner_count": 117,
      "active_hs6_count": 9,
      "country_name": "United Kingdom"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "POL",
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      "exports_usd": 157691258.61996657,
      "imports_usd": 233535506.49102053,
      "trade_balance_usd": -75844247.87105396,
      "export_partner_count": 158,
      "import_partner_count": 102,
      "active_hs6_count": 9,
      "country_name": "Poland"
    }
  ],
  "importers": [
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "USA",
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      "imports_usd": 1741952526.0730424,
      "trade_balance_usd": -1120941120.2256942,
      "export_partner_count": 183,
      "import_partner_count": 126,
      "active_hs6_count": 9,
      "country_name": "USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "DEU",
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      "imports_usd": 679691910.5893307,
      "trade_balance_usd": 273695654.0794802,
      "export_partner_count": 180,
      "import_partner_count": 122,
      "active_hs6_count": 9,
      "country_name": "Germany"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "FRA",
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      "imports_usd": 481721430.8850016,
      "trade_balance_usd": -210190775.3468173,
      "export_partner_count": 180,
      "import_partner_count": 141,
      "active_hs6_count": 9,
      "country_name": "France"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "GBR",
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      "imports_usd": 367748905.70977545,
      "trade_balance_usd": -206008412.81005064,
      "export_partner_count": 175,
      "import_partner_count": 117,
      "active_hs6_count": 9,
      "country_name": "United Kingdom"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "CAN",
      "hs4": 8205,
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      "imports_usd": 317538345.00218254,
      "trade_balance_usd": -236539788.9969524,
      "export_partner_count": 159,
      "import_partner_count": 132,
      "active_hs6_count": 9,
      "country_name": "Canada"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "NLD",
      "hs4": 8205,
      "exports_usd": 169519933.6295719,
      "imports_usd": 280672118.0866842,
      "trade_balance_usd": -111152184.45711231,
      "export_partner_count": 173,
      "import_partner_count": 120,
      "active_hs6_count": 9,
      "country_name": "Netherlands"
    },
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      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "RUS",
      "hs4": 8205,
      "exports_usd": 19400448.84049699,
      "imports_usd": 251025787.11886665,
      "trade_balance_usd": -231625338.27836967,
      "export_partner_count": 85,
      "import_partner_count": 53,
      "active_hs6_count": 9,
      "country_name": "Russia"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "POL",
      "hs4": 8205,
      "exports_usd": 157691258.61996657,
      "imports_usd": 233535506.49102053,
      "trade_balance_usd": -75844247.87105396,
      "export_partner_count": 158,
      "import_partner_count": 102,
      "active_hs6_count": 9,
      "country_name": "Poland"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "MYS",
      "hs4": 8205,
      "exports_usd": 19995210.02584663,
      "imports_usd": 227055813.3781821,
      "trade_balance_usd": -207060603.35233548,
      "export_partner_count": 145,
      "import_partner_count": 84,
      "active_hs6_count": 9,
      "country_name": "Malaysia"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "MEX",
      "hs4": 8205,
      "exports_usd": 119589188.75494751,
      "imports_usd": 222382354.64775968,
      "trade_balance_usd": -102793165.89281216,
      "export_partner_count": 124,
      "import_partner_count": 80,
      "active_hs6_count": 9,
      "country_name": "Mexico"
    }
  ],
  "products": [
    {
      "hs_code": "820510",
      "product_name": "Tools, hand: drilling, threading or tapping tools"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "820520",
      "product_name": "Tools, hand: hammers and sledge hammers"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "820530",
      "product_name": "Tools, hand: planes, chisels, gauges and similar cutting tools for working wood"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "820540",
      "product_name": "Tools, hand: screwdrivers"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "820551",
      "product_name": "Tools, hand: household"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "820559",
      "product_name": "Tools, hand: other than household tools"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "820560",
      "product_name": "Tools, hand: blow lamps"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "820570",
      "product_name": "Tools, hand: vices, clamps and the like"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "820580",
      "product_name": "Tools, hand: anvils, portable forges, hand or pedal-operated grinding wheels with frameworks"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": "820590",
      "product_name": "Tools, hand: sets, of articles of two or more of the foregoing items"
    }
  ],
  "methodology": {
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations aggregated to HS4.",
    "calculatedIndicators": "Growth, concentration, volatility, and peak comparisons calculated from reported observations.",
    "missingData": "Missing values remain unavailable and are not imputed."
  }
}